现在分词、过去分词作定语、状语、宾补的区别.doc

现在分词、过去分词作定语、宾语补足语、状语时的区别

（一） 现在分词\过去分词作定语的区别.
The mobile phone lying on the desk belongs to me.
=The mobile phone which is lying on the desk belongs to me.
（ the mobile phone 和 lie为主谓关系，即主动关系，故用现在分词）
The injured suffering from the shock in the traffic accident were lying in the hospital.
The injured who suffered from the shock in the traffic accident were lying the hospital。
（the injured 和suffer 为主谓关系，即主动关系，故用现在分词）
The house built 50 years ago will be pulled soon.
=The house which was built 50 years ago will be pulled soon.
（the house 和 build为动宾关系，即被动关系，故用过去分词）
The mobile phone laid on the desk belongs to me.
=The mobile phone which is laid on the desk belongs to me.
（the mobile phone 和 lay 为动宾关系，即被动关系，故用过去分词）
小试牛刀:
1.The student ________________( speak) to the teacher now is our moniter.
2.The problem _______________( discuss) yesterday is of great importance.
3.The machine ________________( repair ) yesterday is broken again.
4..The guests ________________(invite) to the meeting were all specialists.
5.China is a country _______________(belong )to the 3rd world.
6 .He lives in the house _______________( face ) the north.
7.The temple ________________( stand ) on the top of the hill was built 500 years ago.
8.The students ________________( want ) to join the club will gather at the gate.
9.The car ____________________(make ) in Japan is of high qulity.
10.A checking delegation ( 代表团)______________( consist ) of 5 people are visiting our school.

A checking delegation ( 代表团)_____________( make) up of 5 people are visiting our school.
11. The student________________( focus )on his lesson is best in our class.
The student _______________ ( lose )in his lesson is best in our class.
12.Can you see the boy _________________ ( dress )in a red shirt?
Can you see the boy __________________( wear ) a red shirt?
13.The students ____________________( sit ) in Row I see the blackboard clearly
The students __________________( seat ) in Row I see the blackboard clearly.
14. The country _____________ ( lie ) to the east of Shandong Peninsula 半岛) is South Korea.
The country _____________(locate ) to the east of Shandong Peninsula (半岛) is South Korea.
( 辅助信息:Our school is located in the centre of the town)
key:1,speaking.2,discussed.3,repaired.4,invited.5,belonging.6,facing.7,standing.8,wanting.9,made.10,consisting;made.11,focusinglost.12,dressed;wearing.13,sitting;seated.14,lying;locted.

（二）现在分词、过去分词作宾语补足语的区别
find ，make，feel， keep， leave， have ，see， observe， notice， watch， hear 。。。但 其中make，have ，see ，observe，notice， watch， hear后也可：V +O+do sth。
Can you hear somebody singing in the next room? （ 宾语somebody 和 sing 为主谓关系，故用现在分词）
I often hear this song sung in English. （宾语this song 和 sing 为动宾关系 ，故用过去分词）
He let out my secret. He made it known to all.（宾语it和know为动宾关系，故用过去分词）
I have had my heart examined.（ 宾语 my heart和examine为动宾关系，故用过去分词）
When she saw his son sitting in the last row,she felt very disappointed.
( 宾语his son 和 sit 为主谓关系，故用现在分词）
When she saw her son seated in the last row, she felt very disappointed.
（seat Vt,使sb 坐下，her son 是seat逻辑宾语，即为动宾关系，故用过去分词。辅助信息：Her son was seated in the row ）
I found him focusing on his book,so I didn’t disturb him.
（宾语him和focus为主谓关系，故用现在分词）
I found him lost in his book,so I didn’t disturb him.
（辅助信息:He was lost in his book ,故用过去分词）
试试看:
1.Please speak loudly to make yourself ________________ ( hear)clearly.
2.Don’t leave\have \keep him _______________ ( stand) in the rain.
3.Finding his car _______________(run ) beyond the speed ,the policeman gave him a ticket.
4.He always keeps his box _______________( lock)
5.He is absent.He is having his house ________________( repair).
6.I noticed all the eyes ______________( look) at the star when she appeared at the stage.
7.I noticed all the eyes ______________( fix ) upon the star when she appeared at the stage.
8.I feel my heart_________________( beat ) fast.
9.When I found myself ________________ ( laugh )at ,I became angry.
key:1,heard.2,standing.3,running.4,locked.5,repaired.6,looking.7,fixed.8,beating.9,laughed.

（三）现在分词、过去分词作状语的区别：（在句首的分词相当于时间状语从句、原因状语从句、条件状语从句；在句末的分词常作伴随状语、方式状语、结果状语、不能改成从句）如：
Seen from space, the earth looks blue.=When it is seen from space,the earth looks blue.
Seeing the earth from space,we will find it blue.=When we see the earth from space,we’ll find...
Devoting himself to education, he was given a medal.=As he devoted himself to education,he…
Devoted to education, he was given a medal.=As he was devoted to education,he ……
She sat at the desk , focusing on the lesson.
She sat at the desk, lost in the lesson.
试试看：
1.__________________(give ) more time ,we can do the work better.
2.__________________( give ) us more time, you can get a better result.
3._________________( lose ) my key ,I couldn’t enter my room.
4__________________________( not receive) his letter ,I decided to another .
5.____________________(dress) in a red shirt ,he is easy to find from the crowd.
6. ___________________( wear ) a red shirt ,he is easy to find from the crowd.
7.__________________( concentrate) on his newspaper, he didn’t notice my arrival.
8.__________________( absorb )in his newspaper, he didn’t notice my arrival.
9.__________________( compare ) him with you,I think you lucky.
10._________________ (compare) with him ,you are lucky.
11.___ recognize) as a thief, he was caught alive.
12.__________________( find ) the man stealing my wallet ,I called the police.
13.Once ___________________(find ) smoking in the office, you will be fined.
14.Though _________________( invite), I won’t attend his party.
15.The old man never speaks Unless __________________ ( speak ) to.
16. He was forced to leave his home,__________________(decide) never to return.
17. He was forced to leave his home,_________________(determine) never to return.
18.The professor came into the classroom, _______________(follow) his students.
19. .The professor came into the classroom, _______________(follow) by his students.
20.A beggar died of cold, _________________( leave ) his body exposed.
A beggar died of cold, _________________( dress ) in nothing.
A beggar died of cold, _________________(wear ) nothing.
A beggar died of cold, have ) nothing on.
A beggar died of cold ,_________________( cover) with nothing.
key:1,Given.2,Giving.3,Having lost.4,Not having received. 5,Dressed. 6,Wearing. 7,Concentrating.8,Absorbed.9,Comparing.10,Compared.11,Recognized.12,Finding.13,found.14,invited.15,spoken.16,deciding.17,determined.18,following.19,followed.20,leaving;dressed;wearing;having;covered