定语从句简单版.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,定语从句,Attributive clause,定语,可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词、,分词,、,不定式,、,介词短语,等来担任，修饰名词。,(,以介词短语、,分词,为例）,例：,The girl behind the tree,is Kate.,The man running on the playground,was a doctor.,在英语中，在复合句中修饰,名词,或,代词,的用作定语的,句子,叫定语从句。,例：,The girl who is behind the tree,is Kate.,The man who was running,on the playground,was a doctor.,1.,定语从句的概念,2.,定语从句的构成要素,先行词,（被定语从句修饰的名词或代词）,引导词：关系代词或关系副词,注意,:,从句与先行词是修饰与被修饰的关系,eg,:,This is the factory where he works.,3.,引导词,关系词的分类,关系代,/,副词,指代,意思,成分,who,人,此人,主语,/,宾语,whom,人,此人,宾语,whose,人,/,物,此人,/,物的,定语,that,人,/,物,此人,/,物,主语,/,宾语,/,表语,which,事,/物,此物,主语,/,宾语,/,表语,when,时间,(,物,),在此时,状语,where,地点,(,物,),在此地,状语,why,原因,(,物,),因为此,状语,1.The man is a farmer.,2.The man is speaking at the meeting.,合并句子,:,The man who is speaking at the meeting is a farmer.,Mary is a girl.,Mary has long hair.,合并为一个句子,Mary is a girl who has long hair.,先行词,关系词,定语从句,Mary is a girl who has long hair.,关系代词,关系副词,which,who,whom,whose,that,Where,when,定语从句的用法,:,当先行词是物时,用,which,或,that,引导,.,These are the trees,which,were planted last year.,当先行词是人时,用,who,whom,whose,that,引导,.,who,whom,whose,that,用法区别,.,who,作定语从句的主语或宾语,.,The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.,The man is a worker.,The man is speaking at the meeting.,分解,作主语,Whom,作定语从句的宾语,The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.,The woman is a teacher.,They wanted to visit the woman.,分解,作宾语,whose,作定语从句的定语,.,I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.,分解,I know the girl.,The girls mother is a teacher.,作定语,that,可以作定语从句的主语和宾语,.,注意,:,关系代词作动词宾语时可,省略,.,The woman(whom/that)they wanted to visit is a teacher.,4.,定语从句的考查方向,:,引导词的考查,理解掌握几个区分,:,区分,that,和,which,区分,as,和,which,区分定语从句和状语从句,区分定语从句和名词性从句,区分定语从句和强调句型,先行词被,the only,the very,the same,the last,等词修饰。,1.,下面情况只用,that,不用,which,和,whom:,I watched all the glasses,were on the table fall off the table.,The parks are the clearest parks,you can imagine,Corn was not the only food,was taken to Europe,They talked about things and persons,they remembered.,Who is the person,you just talked with?,The village is no longer the one,it was 5 years ago.,There are many apples,are very delicious.,that,that,先行词为,much,little,none,someone,something,等不定代词。,先行词有序数词或形容词最高级修饰。,that,that,先行词既有人也有物。,that,以,who/which,开头的疑问句。,that,先行词在主句中作表语关系词在从句中作表语时。,that,在,there be,句型中，指物只用,that,。,that,和,which,的区别,1,2.,下面情况不用,that:,This is the book about,we are talking now,Tom studies hard and is ready to help others,his parents expect.,Whats that,is flying in the sky?,which,介词后面：,which,非限性定语从句中：,当先行词本身是,that,时：,which,that,和,which,的区别,2,which,和,as,的区别,1.Tom has made much progress,_makes,me very happy.,3._ is often the case,we have worked out the,production plan.,4._ I explained on the phone,your request will,be considered at the next meeting.,5.He married Mary,we expected.,6.He married Mary,we didnt expected.,7.Lets read such books,will make them better.,8.He will give you such information,will help,you.,As,As,as,as,as,which,which,as,和,which,在引导非限制性定语从句时，这两个关系代词都指主句所表达的整个意思，且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。但不同之处主要有两点：,as,引导的定语从句可置于句首，而,which,不可。,as,代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时，常可翻译为“正如，正像”；而,which,常译为“这一点，这件事”,在限制性定语从句中，如果先行词被,as,so,the same,such,修饰时，关系代词常用,as,总结：,which,和,as,的区别,介词关系代词,which/whom,He built a telescope,he could,study the skies.,The glasses,Ill be blind,is lost.,Ill never forget the day,I joined the army.,Do you know the man,you just shook hands?,5.In the dark street,there wasnt a single person _ she could turn for help.,6.He washed ten windows,_hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.,through which,without which,on which,with whom,to whom,most of which,1.He was late again,_case he was blamed.,2.He stayed in London for ten years,_,time he picked up some French.,比较：,1.He was late again,and in that case he,2.He stayed in London for ten years,and during that time he,in which,during which,1.Do you still remember the days _ we spent in Qingdao?,2.Do you still remember the days we spent the summer holidays in Qingdao?,用,that,when,why,where,which,填空,1.I want to know the date,_you were born.,2.I have forgotten the date _ you told me.,3.Do you know the reason _ he is absent today?,4.That is the reason_I want to know.,5.This is the factory _ his father works.,6.This is the factory _ his father built.,that/which,when,when,that/which,why,which/that,where,that/which,1.We have found a way _ is useful.,2.The way _ he explained to us was,quite simple.,3.The way _ he explained the,sentences to us was not difficult.,4.It is a job _ you can find something,interesting and significant.,5.She often has no such occasion _ she can,spare some time for his children.,6.We have reached a point _ we should,make an immediate decision for it.,7.People often meet such cases _ they have,no idea what to do.,that/which/,不填,that/in which/,不填,that/which,where,when,where,where,1.(2008,山东,)Occasions are quite rare _ I have the time to spend a day with my kids.,who B.which C.why D.when,2.(2007,陕西,)Today,well discuss a number of cases _ beginners of English fail to use the language properly.,which B.as C.why D.where,3.(2009,浙江,)I have reached a point in my life _ I am supposed to make decisions of my own.,A.which B.where C.how D.why,4.(2009,福建,)Its helpful to put children in a situation _ they can see themselves differently.,A.That B.when C.which D.where,D,D,B,D,温馨提示：,定语从句中通常爱出现的及物和不及物动词有：,vt:give;visit;spend;explain;tell;take;buy;use;make;build;have;get;devote;enjoy,vi:work;live;stay;study;remain;sit;lie;stand;exist;go;come,定语从句做题三大步骤：,1.,分析句子结构，找出主句和从句；,2.,找出先行词（即被修饰的词）；,3.,分析从句，缺什么就补什么。,