高中英语考试应用文写作(书信类)模板.docx

A

1.about熟义：关于，对于生义：prep．＆adv．到处，各处We spent the whole afternoon walking about town. 我们整个下午都在镇上散步。
2. absent熟义：adj. 缺勤的，缺席的生义：adj. 心不在焉的，出神的He looked at me in an absent way. 他心不在焉地看着我。
3. abuse熟义：v. 虐待生义：v. 滥用What she did was an abuse of her position as manager.她的所作所为是滥用经理职权。生义：v. 辱骂Rival fans hurled abuse at each other.两帮对立的球迷相互高声辱骂。
4. accept 熟义 v．同意，赞成Tom accepted her explanation．汤姆同意她的解释。生义：相信，认为……正确I accept that the aircraft has no choice but to crash into the sea．我相信飞机别无他法，只有坠入大海。
5. accommodate熟义：v. 为……提供住宿生义：v.  容纳，提供空间This hotel can accommodate more than 500 guests. 这家旅馆可容纳500多名客人。生义：v. 帮助（某人），向……施以援手He accommodated me when I asked him for help. 我向他求助时，他帮助了我。
6. ache熟义：v./n.  疼痛生义：v. 渴望He was aching for home.他渴望回家。
7．act  熟义：vi．行动生义：vi. 起作用It takes a couple of minutes for the drug to act 只需几分钟，药物就起作用了。
8. acknowledge  熟义：vt. 承认道谢生义：vt. 对……打招呼He acknowledged me by lifting his hat. 他举起帽子向我致意。生义：（公开）感谢I would like to acknowledge my debt to my teachers.我想向我的老师表达我的感激之情。
9. across  熟义：prep. 从一边到另一边生义：prep. 横过，穿过The two roads cut across each other. 这两条路互相交叉。
10. advance熟义：v./n.  前进生义：n. 预付（款） she asked me for an advance on her salary. 她要求我预付她的工资。生义：n. （价格、价值的）上涨Share prices showed significant advances today. 今天股价大幅上涨。
11.add  熟义：（使）相加，加生义：vt．补充说，继续说“They don’t know．”he added．“他们不知道。”他补充道。
12.address熟义：n．地址 v. 写地址生义：v. 称呼The president should be addressed as “Mr President．总统应称为“总统先生”。

生义：v. 直接向……说She turned to address the man on her left．她转身过去，向她左边的那人讲话。生义：vt. 向...发表演说He is going to address the meeting in aminute．他一会儿就要在大会上讲话了。
13.admit  熟义：vt．承认生义：v. 允许进入  The servant opened the door and admitted me (into the house). 仆人打开门，让我进去。生义：v. 容纳The theatre only admits 1000 persons. 这家剧院只容纳1000人。
14. against熟义：prep. 反对生义：prep．以……为背景The picture looks good against the white wall．这幅画靠着白墙看起来不错。
15. age熟义：n. 年龄，年纪生义：v. （使）显老，（使）苍老Worry aged him rapidly. 忧虑使他迅速衰老。
16. agree with熟义：同意，和……意见一致生义：协调，适合 Long plane trips don't agree with me．长途飞机旅行不适合我。
17.air  熟义：n．大气，空气生义：v. 使公开，宣扬Don't air your troubles too often．不要经常发牢骚。生义：n. 神态，氛围There was a comfortable air about her room. 
她的房间里有一种舒适的氛围。

18.alive  熟义：adj. 活着的生义：adj. 充满（活的或动的东西）The street are alive with people.  街上挤满了人。
19. alone  熟义：adj. 单独的adv. 单独地生义：adv. 仅仅，只有She alone was able to answer the question. 只有她才能回答这个问题。
20. amount  熟义：n. 数量，量生义：v. 达到，总计The cost amounted to $ 2000.  费用共计2000美元。生义：等于，意味着What you have said amounts to a refusal.  你所说的等于拒绝。
21. announce熟义：v. 宣布，公布生义：vt. 显示，预示Warm sunshine announces the coming of spring. 温暖的阳光预示着春天的到来。
22. appreciate  熟义：v. 欣赏，鉴赏生义：v.意识到=realize  I appreciate that I may be wrong.  我意识到我可能错了。
23. arrival  熟义：n. 到达，到来生义：n. 到达者，加入者All stood up to welcome the new arrival. 所有人起立欢迎新人。
24. at all熟义：（否定句）根本；究竟生义：真的，确实If it is at all foggy，I shall not go out．如果真的有雾，我就不出去了。
25. arm熟义：n．手臂，上肢生义：n．武器 v．武装Lay down your arms or we’ll fire！放下武器，否则我们会开枪的！
26. attend  熟义：v．出席，参加生义：v．照料If you go out，who’ll attend to the baby？如果你走了，谁来照看婴儿？
27. arrange  熟义：v. 安排，筹备生义：v. 商量I’ve arranged with the neighbours about filling the manager’s job. 我已与邻居们商量好补上经理的职位。
28. arrest  熟义：vt. 逮捕生义：vt. 阻止，抑制The new medicine arrested the spread of the disease. 这种新药阻止了疾病的传播。
29. assume  熟义：vt. 假定，假设生义：vt. 承担，就职 He will assume the directorship of the project.  他将担任该项目的主管。
30. absolute熟义：adj. 完全的，绝对的生义：adj. 十足的The police have absolute proof that he was the murderer.  警方有足够的证据证明他是凶手。
31. accompany熟义：vt. 陪伴，陪同生义：v. 为……伴奏（或伴唱）If she sang, he would accompany her on the piano.如果她歌唱，他会为她钢琴伴奏。
32. account for熟义：对…负有责任生义：导致His illness accounts for his absence. 他因病缺席。
33. aggressive  熟义：adj. 好斗的，挑衅的生义：adj. 积极进取的If he wants to succeed, he has to be aggressive.如果他想成功，就必须有进取心。
34. alike  熟义：adj/adv. 想象的；相似地生义：adv. 两者都，同样地Teachers should care for all the pupils alike. 老师应该对所有的学生一视同仁。
35. allergic熟义：adj. 对……过敏的生义：adj. 对……极其反感的I am allergic to those who could not give help.我极其反感那些帮不上忙的人。
36. allow熟义：v. 允许，准许生义：v. 使有可能 This diet allows you one glass of wine a day.  这样饮食可以让你每天喝一杯葡萄酒。
37. ample  熟义：adj. 充足的，充裕的生义：adj. 宽敞的，巨大的There is ample car parking off site.外面有个很大的停车场。
38. aspect熟义：n. 方面，特色生义：n. 外表，外观a man with an impressive aspect 容貌出众的人
39. available  熟义：adj 可用的，可获得的生义：adj. 有空的，有闲暇的The worthy professor is now available.这位可敬的教授现在有空了。
40. advise熟义：vt. 劝告，建议生义：vt. 通知，告知Please advise us of the arrival of the goods. 货物到达请通知我们。

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41.balance熟义：n./v. 平衡
生义：n. 账户余额，结存I must check my bank balance. 我必须检查我的银行余额。生义：v. 权衡，斟酌The school aims to balance the amount of time spent on arts and science subjects.该校力图平衡文科和理科的学习时间。
42．back  熟义：n. 背部，腰背生义：vt．（经济、物质或道德上）支持；增援（以增强）Many of his friends backed his plan．许多朋友支持他的计划。
43. badly  熟义：adv．差，拙劣地生义：adv. 迫切地The boy badly wants a new bike．这个男孩迫切地想要一辆新自行车。
44. bar  熟义：酒吧生义：n. 障碍Poor health may be a bar to success in life.  健康不佳可能是人生成功的障碍。
45. become熟义：v. 变得，变成生义：vt. 适合，使显得漂亮Her new hat certainly becomes her.她的新帽子很适合她。
46. before  熟义：conj．&prep. 在……以前生义：生义：到……为止It was a long time before I got to sleep again．过了很久我才再睡着。
47. behaviour  熟义：n. 举止，行为生义：n. 性能，特点The behaviour of this computer is moderately good.  这台计算机的性能还算不错。
48. blank熟义：adj. 空白的  n. 空白生义：adj. 茫然的，毫无表情的The stranger returned my greeting with a blank look. 陌生人以茫然的眼神回敬了我的问候。生义：n. （头脑或记忆）一片空白I can't think where I've left my umbrella, my mind's a complete blank.我想不起来我把伞放在哪里了，我的脑子一片空白。
49. blue熟义：adj. 蓝色的 n.  蓝色生义：adj. 忧郁的，沮丧的His songs always make me feel blue. 他的歌总是让我感到忧郁。
50. beside熟义：prep. 在...旁边生义：prep. 与……相比  Beside your earlier work , this piece seems rather disappointing.  与你以前的作品相比，这篇文章似乎相当令人失望。
51. build熟义：v. 建造，修建生义：n. 体形，体格The athlete has a solid build. 这位运动员体格健壮。

52. bare熟义：adj. 赤裸的生义：vt. 使暴露，使露出He likes to bare his heart with his close friends. 他喜欢和他的密友们吐露心声。
53. bear熟义：vt. 承受，容忍生义：v. 显示，携带He was badly wounded in the war and still bears the scars. 他在战争中受了重伤，至今仍留有伤疤。
54. bitter 熟义：adj. 味苦的；痛苦的生义：adj. 激烈的，充满敌意的Why was she so bitter against Mr. Smith? 她为什么对史密斯先生那么刻薄？
55. blanket熟义：n. 毯子生义：vt. 覆盖，盖住，笼罩；消除（声音），使（声音）模糊不清The whole village was blanketed with heavy snow. 全村被大雪覆盖。
56. break down  熟义：发生故障生义：（计划）失败，坚持不下去All our plans broke down．我们所有的计划都失败了。
57. bring  熟义： v．拿来，带来生义：v．导致，引起The cries brought the neighbours running．呼喊声把邻居们吵醒了。

58. build up熟义：增进；加强生义： 增高，加强The noise is building up until she could not stand it.噪音越来越大，直到她受不了为止。
59. burst熟义：v. 爆炸，爆裂生义：v. 突发，迸发    The storm burst and we all got wet. 暴风雨突然而至，我们都淋湿了。
60. bond  熟义：n. 纽带，联系生义：adj.受……约束I don’t like being desk-bound all day. 我不喜欢整天坐在书桌旁。生义：v. （使）建立亲密关系Mothers who are depressed sometimes fail to bond with their children. 患有抑郁症的母亲有时无法与孩子建立联系。
61.burning熟义：adj. 燃烧的；炙热的生义：adj.（感情等）强烈的，热切的 She is burning to tell you the news. 她急于告诉你这个消息。

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62.can  熟义：（表示有能力做或能够发生）能，会生义：n．罐头  vt．做成罐头Mother cans fruit．母亲把水果做成罐头。
63. capital熟义：n. 首都，首府；资本生义：adj. 极严重的；根本的Our capital task at the moment is to persuade her to calm down. 我们目前的首要任务是说服她冷静下来。
64. cause   熟义：n．起因，v．引起生义：n．（奋斗的）目标，事业The UN has done a lot for the cause of world peace．联合国为世界和平事业做了许多贡献。
65. celebrate熟义：vt. 庆祝，庆贺生义：vt. 赞扬，赞美He celebrated her for her courage.  他赞美她的勇气。
66. chance   熟义：n．机会，时机生义：n．可能性There is a chance that I will see him．我有可能见到他。生义：v．碰巧We chanced to be out when she called．她打电话来时，我们碰巧出去了。
67. check熟义：vt. 检查，核对生义：vt. 阻止，制止  We should check the spread of the disease. 我们应该阻止疾病的传播。
68. choice熟义：n. 选择，抉择生义：adj. 斟酌得当的Some of his remarks are really choice. 他的一些言论真的经过精心斟酌。
69. civil  熟义：adj. 公民的，国民的，国内的生义：adj. 文明的，有礼貌的 He is a civil person. 他是个彬彬有礼的人。
70. class  熟义：n. 班级生义：n. 阶级，阶层It is no doubt that the professional classes do a much better job than those who are not. 毫无疑问，专业阶层的人比非专业阶层的人做得好得多。
71. climate熟义：n. 气候生义：n. 氛围，局势
The cultural climate here is somehow a little upsetting. 这里的文化氛围有点令人不安。
72. cloudy熟义：adj. 多云的，阴天的生义：adj.含糊的，困惑的Who did it still remains cloudy.  究竟是谁干的，目前仍不明朗。
73. coach熟义：n. 教练生义：v. （尤指私人）辅导，指导She coached me in English.她教我英语。
74. command熟义：v. 命令；指挥生义：v.博得，赢得His bravery commanded our respect. 他的勇敢赢得了我们的尊敬。
75. contain熟义：v. 包含，容纳生义：v. 制服The man was later contained by the police.这名男子后来被警方拘捕。生义：vt. 遏制；抑制He is too excited to contain his laughter.他太激动了，忍不住笑了起来。
76. count熟义：n./v.  计算，数生义：vt. 把……算入，包括There are 10 people in the classroom counting two teachers. 教室里有10个人，加上两位老师。生义：vt. 重要，有价值It is not how much you read but what you read that counts. 重要的不是你读了多少，而是你读了什么。生义：vt. 看作，认为She was counted among the greatest dancers.她被认为是最伟大的舞蹈家之一。
77. couple熟义：n. 两个，几个；一对夫妇或情侣生义：v. 连接，联合The dining car was coupled onto the last coach. 餐车与最后一节车相连。 
78. come back熟义：回来
生义：重新流行Do you think long dresses will ever come back？你认为长裙子还会再流行吗？生义：顶嘴He came back at her with a nasty remark．他以恶毒的语言回击她。生义：记起It's suddenly to come back where I saw you last．突然，我想起上次在什么地方见过你。
79. come in熟义：进来生义：流行起来This style is certain to come in this year．今年这种款式肯定流行。生义：上台执政If the Workers' Party comes in at the next election a lot of industry will be state-owned．如果工人党下届上台执政，许多工业都将收为国有。生义：承担（任务）Here is the plan of attack，and this is where you come in.这是我们的攻击计划,这是你要执行的任务。
80. come on  熟义：快点生义：进行，进展How has he come on at school this year？他今年学业进展如何？生义：开始（下雨）The rain has just come on．雨刚开始下。生义：上演，举行The next exam comes on in early summer．下次考试将在夏初进行。
81 . come out  熟义：出来生义：结果（如何）Everything will come out all right．一切都会好的。
82. company   熟义：n．公司生义：n．同伴You may know a man by the company he keeps．你可以从一个人所交的朋友了解他的为人。生义：在一起的一群人He came in company with a group of girls．他是和一群女孩子来的。
83. concert熟义：音乐会生义：n．联合行动The various governments decided to act in concert over this matter.各国政府决定在这一问题上采取联合行动。生义：n．一致，和谐The team made a concerted effort to win the game．该队齐心协力赢得了比赛。
84. cost  熟义：价钱，费用生义：vt．使丧失，使损失（生命、健康等）The patient's dangerous condition cost the doctors and nurses many sleepless nights．病人的危险状态使医生、护士几夜不曾合眼。

85. cover  熟义：v．覆盖，遮盖生义：v. 够付（费用）Here is ￡5；that should cover all your expenses．给你5英镑。应该可以支付你所有的费用。
86. course  熟义：n. 课程；过程生义：n.一道菜The main course was a vegetable stew. 这道主菜是蔬菜炖肉。
87. cross熟义：v. 穿越，横渡  n. 十字标记生义：adj. 恼怒的Don’t be cross with him---after all, he meant to help.  别生他的气，毕竟他是想帮忙的。
88. cut熟义：vt.（尤指用刀）切，割，砍，剪，削，剁生义：vt. （从感情上）伤害His rude remarks cut me.  他粗鲁的言语刺痛了我。
89. case  熟义：n. 情况，状况生义：n. 病例，案例There are three cases of fever in school.学校有三起发烧病例。
90. casual   熟义：adj. 漫不经心的，随意的生义：adj. 临时的，短期的He was employed as a casual labourer.  他受雇做临时工。
91. cater  熟义：v.  提供餐饮服务，承办酒席生义：v. 满足，迎合TV must cater for many different tastes.  电视剧必须迎合许多不同的口味。
92. caution熟义：n. 小心，谨慎生义：v.告诫，提醒The teacher cautioned him against being late. 老师告诫他不要迟到。

93.choke熟义：v. 窒息，噎住，卡住生义：v. 强忍住，抑制，克制I managed to choke back my tears.  我设法忍住了眼泪。
94. charge熟义：要价，收费（金额）；指控，控告生义：v. 使……承担责任，赋予……责任Mother charged Alice to take good care of the baby. 母亲嘱咐 Alice好好照顾孩子。
95. challenge熟义：v. 挑战，难题生义：v. 向……下战书I challenged him to a game of chess. 我向他挑战赛一盘棋。
96. clean熟义：adj. 洁净的，干净的生义：adv. 彻底地，完全地I clean forgot about it.  我完全忘了。
97. conduct  熟义：v. 实施，进行；指挥生义：v. 举止，表现He conducted himself far better than expected. 他表现得比预期好得多。
98. congratulate  熟义：v. 祝贺生义：v. 感到高兴（或自豪）I congratulated myself on my escape.我为自己逃脱感到高兴。

99.consume  熟义：vt. 消耗，消费生义：vt. 烧毁，毁灭The fire soon consumed the old wooden buildings in the neighborhood. 大火很快烧毁了附近的旧木屋。

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100.damage熟义：v./n.（有形的）损坏，损失生义：n. 损害赔偿金He claimed $ 7000 damages from the taxi company.  他要求出租车公司赔偿7000美元。

101.dash熟义：v. 猛冲，急奔生义：vt. 急送Being badly ill, he was dashed to hospital. 他病得很重，被紧急送往医院。生义：vt. 催促His mother dashed him into going to school every day . 他母亲每天催促他去上学。
102.dawn熟义：v.  破晓，开始 n. 拂晓，黎明生义：vt. 变得明朗，开始清楚The truth began to dawn on him. 他开始了解真相。

103.desert熟义：n. 沙漠，荒漠生义：v. 抛弃，离弃He deserted his wife and children and went abroad. 他抛妻弃子出国了。生义：adj. 无人居住的，荒凉的We sheltered from the storm in a deserted hut.我们在一间无人居住的茅屋里躲暴风雨。
104. develop熟义：v. （使）成长，发育，发展生义：v. 冲洗，使底片显影Did you have the film developed?  你把胶卷冲洗了吗？生义：v. 患病He developed a cough．他咳嗽起来了。生义：v.逐渐形成，逐渐养成develop a habit 逐渐形成习惯
105. difficult熟义：adj  困难的，费力的生义：adj. 难以取悦的，不友好的You must get the permission of your difficult mother before getting married.在结婚之前，你必须得到你那难缠的母亲的许可。

106.deal with熟义：处理生义：与……做生意Do you deal with Smith, the butcher？你和屠夫史密斯做生意吗？

107.dismiss熟义：v.  解雇，开除生义：vt. 不考虑，不理会He just laughed and dismissed my suggestion as unrealistic. 他只是笑了笑，对我的建议不屑一顾，认为不切实际。
108．do  熟义：做，干，办（某事）生义：vi．适合The shoes won't do for mountain-climbing．这双鞋不适合爬山。生义：v. 创造Practice and determination will do wonders. 实践和决心会创造奇迹。生义：vi.  进展Everything is doing well．  一切都很好。
109. down熟义：adv. 在下方，在低处生义： adv. 作为首付款I paid $1000 down on the car.我为这辆车付了1000美元的定金。

110.draw   熟义：画，绘画生义：v．吸引，引起（兴趣、注意）The football match between the Korean team and the American team was so wonderful that it drew a lot of people，though in the end they drew the match．韩国队和美国队之间的足球比赛非常精彩，吸引了很多人，尽管最后他们还是平局了。生义：v. 获得，推断出What moral are we to draw from the story.   我们从这个故事中可以得出什么样的教训。
111. drive  熟义：v. 驾驶生义：v. 迫使，驱使（某人做不好的事）
Hunger drove her steal.  饥饿驱使她偷窃。

112.delicate  熟义：adj. 精致的，精巧的生义：adj. 灵巧的，熟练的I admired your delicate handling of the situation.我钦佩你对形势的巧妙处理。

113.deliver熟义：v. 投递，运送；发表演说；接生生义：v. 解救，拯救Only education can deliver people from misery.只有教育才能使人们摆脱苦难。
114. deposit熟义：v. 储蓄生义：vt. 放下，放置He deposited the book on the desk.  他把书放在书桌上。
115. divorce熟义：v. 离婚生义：v. 使分离，割裂You can't divorce science from ethical questions.  你不能把科学与伦理问题分开。

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116.easy  熟义：容易的，不费力的生义：adj．舒适的，自如的Now we are leading an easy life．现在我们过着安逸的生活。

117.elect熟义：v. 选举生义：v. 选择/决定做……    She elected to become a lawyer.  她选择当律师。
118. embarrass熟义：vt. （使）尴尬，窘迫生义：vt. 妨碍（人，移动行动）What embarrasses your making an early start?  是什么阻止你提前出发？

119.employ熟义：v. 雇佣生义：v. 使用，利用The police employed force to open the door. 警察使用武力开门。
120. engage熟义：vt. 参加，从事生义：vt. 吸引，引起A personal computer engages his interest now.  个人电脑引起了他的兴趣。
121. escape  熟义：v. 逃跑，逃脱生义：v. 被遗忘，被忽略His name escaped me for the moment．我一时记不起他的名字。
122. entertain  熟义：vt. 使有兴趣，使快乐生义：vt. 心存，怀有（想法、希望、感觉等）He entertained a belief that his son would rise in the world.  他相信他的儿子会有所成就。生义：招待，请客I don't like to entertain guests anymore.我不再喜欢招待客人。

123.example   熟义：例子，例证生义：n．警戒，受罚（以示警告）者Let this be an example to you．这对你来说是个警告。
124. even熟义：adv. 甚至，即使生义：adj. 平坦的，水平的The road wasn’t even.  道路不平。生义：adj. 匀称的，同样大小的Her teeth were white and even. 她的牙齿洁白均匀。生义：adj. 势均力敌的，不相上下的The score is now even. 现在比分打平。生义：adj. 平稳的The car went with an even motion.汽车行驶平稳。生义：vt. 使变平，使平整She evened the edges by trimming（清理焊缝）them.她把边缘修平。生义：vt. 使相等Our team evened the score in the last minute. 我们队在最后一分钟扳平了比分。

125.excite  熟义：vt. 使兴奋，使激动生义：vt. 引起，激起The recent discoveries have excited new interest among doctors. 最近的发现引起了医生们新的兴趣。
126. excuse熟义：n. 借口 v. 原谅，宽恕生义：vt. 同意免除(某人的职务)He was excused from piano practice. 他今天不用练习钢琴。

127.express熟义：v. 表达表露生义：adj. 明确的His express wish was that you should come here by air. 他明确的愿望是你坐飞机来这里。生义：n. 快车Is there an express from Nanjing to Shanghai?  从南京到上海有快车吗？
128. encourage熟义：vt. 鼓励，激励生义： v. 刺激，促进Good health encourages clear thinking.  健康有助于条理清晰地思考。

129.enterprise  熟义：n. 企业，事业单位生义：n. 事业心，进取心He got the