中考英语常考知识点必备.pdf

欢迎阅读中考英语常考知识点必备七年级（下）七年级（下）Unit 1play+the+乐器play+棋类/球类speak+语言join(加入俱乐部等团体，强调成为其中的一员)take part in（参加活动，比赛等）be good at=do well in 擅长be good at doing sth.be good with sb.对好，善于应付tell stories 讲故事tell sb.to do sth.tell sb.not to do sth.write-wrote-writtenshow sb.sth.=show sth.to sb.talk to(一方说一方不说)talk with(两方都说)表示“也”的几个单词：also:(be 动词，情态动词之后，实义动词之前)too:(用于句尾，只用于肯定句中)either:(用于否定句和疑问句中，相当于 too)people 本身是复数形式，集合名词，作可数名词时，意义为民族make friends with sb.和某人交朋友on the weekendon weekendsteach sb.sth.teach sb.to do sth.(一定注意是 sb.宾格形式)help 的四个用法：help sb.to do sth.do sth.with sth.with doing sth.Unit 2时间表达法：直读法（0-30 分）past（31-60 分）to频率副词：alwaysusuallyoftensometimesseldomhardly evernever频率副词是一般现在时态的主要标欢迎阅读志，除此之外还有 once a week,twice a year 等，一般针对频率用how often 提问。其中 hardly ever/never 在反义疑问句中起着虽然看不到否定 not 但是具有否定含义的作用，因此前否后肯。take a walk=take walkseitherorneithernorbothand表示“大量，许多”a lot of=lots ofa great number of=a large number ofa great many oflife 的变体life 表示“生活”不可数表示“生命”可数live 是动词，表示“生活，居住”同时也是副词，表示“现场地”（可见八年级下册第八单元第二篇短文，（可见八年级下册第八单元第二篇短文，最后一段，最后一段，I want to see him sing live.表示现场演唱）表示现场演唱）lively 是形容词，表示“活泼的”alive 也是形容词，表示“活着的”Unit 3表示如何到达某地有两种表达法，这两种决不可混淆：I go to school by bus.I take a bus to school.介词短语 by train/by plane/by subway/on foot 不能直接用语句中。需要动词短语把句子撑起。切记！hundred/thousand/million 等“双加双不加”every day:时间状语，表示“每天”everyday：形容词，表示“每天的”相当于 dailystop to dostop doingthink of 想起think about 考虑cross:动词across:副词，前面需要加动词cross the street=go across the street两者之间：between A and B三者及以上之间：among“害怕”的用法欢迎阅读be afraid of sth.of doing sth.to do sth.like to do/like doingbe like:像（He is like my father）take after:性格上相像（Mary takes after her mother.）leave 的用法：leave BJ 离开北京leave for BJ 动身去北京leave 是瞬时性动词，不可用于进行时和带有时间状语的完成时态。但是，进行时态中的 I am leaving.是进行表将来的情况，所以并不冲突。He has left.(正确)He has left for an hour.(错误)dream come true=achieve my dreamUnit 4arrive at+小站arrive in+大站be on time 准时be in time 及时强调动作 VS 强调结果listen to/hearlook for/findlook at/seeput on/wearoutside/inside/upstairs/downstairs/here/there/home 等为地点副词，在句中担任地点状语bring：带来（单向）take:带走（单向）fetch:去拿过来（双向）quiet:形容词，“安静的”quite：副词，且是程度副词，后加形容词或副词，表示“相当地”practice doing sth.练习做某事be strict with sb.keep sb.doing sth.让某人一直做某事to do 永远未做！remember to do/remember doingforget to do/forget doingstop to do/stop doingcontinue to do/continue doinglearn to do 学会做某事Unit 5kind of=a little=a bit=a little bitkind 做“种类”时，可数a symbol ofbe in great danger 处于极大危险之中欢迎阅读dangerous：danger 的形容词cut down 砍伐，砍倒cut up 切碎cut off 切下（八年级下册 Aron Ralston 一课）be made ofbe made fromUnit 6paper 作“纸”不可数，a piece of paper作试卷，报纸可数，read newspapers,hand out papersdrink 作为饮料的种类时可数，would you like some drinks?表示“比赛”的几个单词race：比速度，car racematch/game:体育比赛competition/contest：智力比赛不定代词：some/anyeach/everyother/another/others/the other/the others复合不定代词：something/anything/everything/nothing考点：默认三单定语后置to do 后置表修饰not any=no(全否/部否)miss:“想念，思念”“错过”wish to dohope to do(绝不可以 hope sb.to do sth.)Unit 7询问天气主要句型：Whats the weather like?Hows the weather?cook 动词“做饭”名词“厨师”cooker 名词“炊具”have trouble/problem/difficulty(in)doing sth.做某事有困难in 加时间段表明一段时间之后，加时间段表明一段时间之后，用于一般将来时，用用于一般将来时，用 how soon 提提问问Unit 8空间介词：across from 在对面=oppositein front of/in the front of花费的四种表达：spend:sb.spend 钱/时间 on sth./欢迎阅读in doing sth.cost:sth.cost sb.钱/时间take:it takes sb.钱/时间 to do sth.pay:sb.pay 钱 for sth.（上述四个单词千万注意每个动词的主语为人还是为物）show sb.around 带某人四处转转go along=go down 沿着走free:动词，使自由形容词，免费的，空闲的enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事Unit 9What does he look like?(询问长相)What is he like?(询问长相加性格)evening 是指下午六七点钟night 是指晚上八九点以后因此，good evening 是晚上好然而，good night 则是晚安little/a littlefew/a fewactor/actresswaiter/waitressblond hair 是金色头发，没有yellow hair 的说法，要注意describe 动词，描述，名词形式为descriptionin the end=at last=finallyUnit 10would like to do=want to do=feel like doing 想要做某事travel around the world 环游世界blow out the candles 吹灭蜡烛popular：形容词，受欢迎的名词形式：popularity与此相关名词，population 人口（population 只可以用 large/small形容，绝不可用 many/few 来形容）因此询问人口多少只能用：Whats the population of China?相关链接：相关链接：与此相类似的，物品可用expensive/cheap 来形容，但price(价格)只能用 high/low 来形容。The price of the computer is high/low.Unit 11feed(喂养)feed on 靠为生（Pandas feed on bamboo.）pick up 捡起，接电话欢迎阅读pick out 挑选worry about=be worried abouttour guide 导游all in all/in a word 总之，一句话be interested in(doing)sth.hear from sb.收到某人的来信hear of sb.听说过某人see sb.do sth./see sb.doing sth,hear sb.do sth./hear sb.doing sth.Unit 12lake 湖泊river 河流sheep/deer/fish/Chinese/Japanese 单复数同形单词nature 名词，自然natural 形容词，自然的stay up late 熬夜到很晚stay at home 呆在家里shout at/shout topoint at/point tolaigh at(at 带有情绪性，是贬义的含义)high/wide/close/hard 等词本身可做形容词和副词，加 ly 构成一个新的副词，有新的含义（需要注意，如果需要，参照笔记。）put up 张贴，搭建put off 推迟=delayput out 把（火）扑灭put on 穿上put up with=stand=bear 忍受八年级（上）八年级（上）Unit 1chicken 作鸡肉不可数作小鸡可数hen 是母鸡cock 是公鸡boring 修饰物bored 修饰人keep a diary 写日记decide to do=make a decision to do 决定做某事try to do 努力做某事try doing 尝试做没有做过的事情would like to do=want to do=feel like doing 想要做某事wonder=want to knowwait for sb./sth.等待欢迎阅读enough+名词形容词/副词+enoughUnit 2housework 不可数chore 可数，do choresat least 至少at most 至多be in good health=healthyas a result 结果result in 导致result from 由引起although/though 尽管，不可与but 连用across 表面穿过 swim across the riverthrough 内部穿过keep sth.in mind 记住某事make up ones mind to do sth,下定决心做某事表示“例如”such as 后面是一系列名次的列举（I like fruits,such as apples,bananas and oranges.）for example 是举一个例子（Mike likes sports,for example,he likes playing basketball.）表示“转折”（从强到弱）howeverbutwhileyetmore than 多于less than 少于than 是介词，后加 doingUnit 3loudly 大声地，含有贬义aloud 大声地，鼓励性的as long as 只要be different from=differ from（注意与 difficult 区分）bring out 使显现出the same as 与相同表示“到达”arrive at+地点欢迎阅读get to+地点reach+地点in fact=to be honest=honestly speaking 老实说，事实上set a record 创了记录break a record 打破记录share sth.with sb.be similar to 与相类似information 抽象信息，不可数message 具体的，发短信，可数Unit 4sit down=be seated=take/have a seat 请坐注意个别词本身既可作形容词也可作副词，加-ly 之后构成新的副词，意义完全不同如：high/highlywide/widelyclose/closelyhard/hardly(如有疑问，参见笔记)so far 现在完成时典型时间状语serve 动词，服务，饭店里“提供”的意思service 名词，服务servant 名词，服务员have sth.in common 有共同之处have nothing in common 没有共同之处all kinds of=different kinds of 各种各样的，不同种类的be up to 作“是的职责”作“由决定”时，=depend onplay a role in doing sth.=play a part in doing sth.在某方面发挥作用make up 化妆，编造Unit 5hope to do 希望做某事find out 找出，与 find 相比，是经过一定努力的discuss with sb.have a discussion with sb欢迎阅读expect sb.to do sth.期待某人做某事mean 动词，意思(mean to do 打算做某事 mean doing 计划做某事)meaning 名词，意思meaningful 形容词，有意义的meaningless 形容词，无意义的be rich in富含（Apples are rich in vitamin C.苹果富含维 C）film 名词，电影，胶卷dress up 乔装打扮（和 make up 比起来，注重全身）take ones place 代替=replace sb.do a good job!=good job!=well doneUnit 6be sure about=make sure that确保medicine 名词，药medical 形容词，医药的send sb.ath.=send sth,to sb.be able to do 能够做某事be unable to do sth,不能做某事promise to do sth.承诺做某事at the beginning of 在开始at the end of 在的末尾improve 提升improvement 名词，提升have to do with sth.与有关have nothing with sth.与无关take up doing sth.开始着手做agree with sb.about sth.Unit 7pollute 动词，污染pollution 名词，污染predict 动词，预言prediction 名词，预言on earth 究竟peace 名词，和平peaceful 形容词，和平的be in great danger(danger 是名欢迎阅读词，危险地)dangerous 形容词，危险的over and over again 反复地shape 外形，形状fall down 跌倒fall asleep 睡着了fall in love with 爱上possible 形容词，可能的possibility 名词，可能性Unit 8shake hands 握手turn onturn offturn upturn downaddto把加到上in the end=at last=finallydig a hole 挖一个洞mix up 混合sth.be full of=sth.be filled with充满了temperature 名词，温度take ones temperature 量体温Unit 9prepare for为准备=make a preparation for sth.available 可用的，可获得的（May I speak to Mary?Sorry,she is not available now.）notuntil直到才hang out 闲逛invite sb to do邀请某人去refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事look after=take care ofbe looking forward to doing sth.期盼做某事hear from sb.收到某人的来信in the daytime 在白天Unit 10organize 动词，组织organizer 名词，组织者organization 名词，组织keep sth.to oneself 保守秘密欢迎阅读careful 仔细的careless 粗心的advise sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事experience 名词，经验（不可数）经历，不可数else 常跟在特殊疑问词之后，用于表示“还有吗？”八年级（下）八年级（下）Unit 1Whats the matter with sb?Whats wrong with sb.?take breaks=have a resthurt-hurt-hurtbandage onesel 某人自己包扎sick 生病的（He is sick./He is a sick boy.）ill 生病的（He is ill.）breathe 动词，呼吸breath 名词，呼吸breathe=take breathused to do 过去常常做某事be used to doing 习惯做某事be used to do 被用来做某事take risks 冒险at the risk of 冒着的危险run out用光，用尽=use up(和 run out of 区分开，I have run out of/used up my money.My money has run out.)be in control of 负责，掌管give up doing sth.放弃做某事Unit 2give out=hand out 分发give in=hand in 上交come up with=think up 想出put off 推迟=delaylonely 孤独的alone 独自的（I live alone but not lonely.）a feeling of一种的感觉欢迎阅读joy 愉悦joyful 形容词，愉悦的raise money 筹钱fix up=repair=mend 修理give away 赠送broken 破损的（一般情况下，“我的手表坏了”不能说 My watch is broken.而是My watch doesnt work.）wheelchair 轮椅set up=establish 建立make a difference 起作用Unit 3be in a mess=messy 混乱的throw away 扔掉all the time 一直，总是borrow sth.from sb.(借入)lend sth.to sb.（借出）as soon as 一就(可以像 if 一样引导条件状语从句，主将从现)when 和 while 都可以引导时间状语从句，when 后面既可以加瞬时性（一般过去式）也可以加延续性动词（过去进行时），而while 只能加延续性动词（过去进行时）。its a waste of浪费关于“提供”provide sb.with sth.provide sth.for sb.offer sb sth.offer sth.to sb.depend 动词，依靠dependent 形容词，依靠的（independent 形容词，独立的）dependence 名词，依靠（independence 名词，独立性）fair 形容词，公平的unfair 形容词，不公平Unit 4allow sb.to do sth.sb.be allowed to so sth.欢迎阅读look through 浏览its not a big deal.没什么事儿work out 锻炼，计算出get on with=get along with 与相处的argue with ab.about sth.nervous=be stressed outproper 形容词 合适的not any more=no morenot any longer=no longerin my opinion 在我看来skill 技巧，技能skillful 形容词，技能的cut out 删除=deletecontinue to do 继续去做某事（另外一件事）continue doing 继续做某事（继续做刚才做的事情）compare A with B 把 A 和 B 比compare A to B 把 A 比作 Bbe crazy about 对疯狂as usual 像往常一样Unit 5My alarm clock didnt go off.(闹钟发出声响)begin to do=begin doingmatch 名词，火柴，比赛against 对抗，反抗against doing sth.反对做某事die down 逐渐变弱rise-rose-risen 升起raise-raised-raised 举起make ones way 前往be in silence=silentto tell you the truth=to be honest 老实说Unit 6reminf sb.of sth.提醒某人某事a little=a bit=a little bit=kind ofinstead of 代替，而不是（I like apples instead of bananas./I did my homework instead of watching TV.）turninto把变成欢迎阅读hide-hid-hiddenhide and seek 捉迷藏once upon a time(一定用过去时态)fit=suit 适合marry sb.和某人结婚（I have been/got married for 5 years.）shine bright(bright 是副词，不需要加-ly)lead-led-ledleader 领导表示“声音”sound：万事万物的声音voice：专指人声noise：噪声brave 形容词，勇敢的bravery 名词，勇敢Unit 7feel free to do sth.随便做某事protect 动词，保护protection 名词，保护as far as I know 就我所知take in 吸收succeed 动词，成功 succeed in doing sth.成功做某事success 名词，成功successful 形容词，成功的successfully 副词，成功地in the face of=face 面对even though=thoughweigh 动词，称重weight 名词，体重at birth 出生时up to 到达do research on 研究do sth.with excitement(兴奋地做某事)walk into 撞倒fall over 绊倒or so 大约huge=giant 巨大的Unit 8be in a hurry 匆忙的欢迎阅读towards=to 朝向abroad 副词，在国外，前面加动词 go/study/live abroadbelong to 属于（没有被动语态）record 注意两种不同的发音，不同的含义（详见八年级下册P.123）Unit 9invent 动词，发明invite 动词，邀请（注意区分）make progress 取得进步collect 动词，收集collection 名词，收集a couple of 两个on the one hand,on the other hand一方面，另一方面all year round 全年=the whole yearlocate 动词，坐落于location 名词，位置Unit 10check in 登记入住check out 登记退房clear out 清理part with 与分开as for 至于（as for me）nowadays=at present 目前between（两者之间）among（三者及以上之间）shame 羞耻shameful 形容词，羞耻的shameless 形容词，无耻的according to 根据consider doing 考虑做某事close to 靠近九年级（全一册）九年级（全一册）Unit 1pronounce（动词）pronunciation（名词，发音，注意与动词相比少了一个 o）patient(形容词，有耐心的)（名词，病人）欢迎阅读express(动词，表达)expression（表情，表达，表达方式）the secret to（的秘诀）look up 查阅（字典，电脑等）take notes 记笔记notebook 笔记本physics/maths 虽以 s 结尾，但是单数名词memorize 动词，记忆memory 名词，记忆increase to 增长到increase by 增长了be born with 天生就有be born to do 生来就是做的be able to do 能够做某事have the ability to do sth.create 动词，创造creative 形容词，有创造性地creativity 名词，创造力pay attention to 注意connect A with B 把 A 和 B 联系起来overnight 一夜之间Unit 2strange 形容词，奇怪的stranger 名词，陌生人relative 名词，亲戚 形容词，相对的put on 穿上put on weight 增重=gain weightlose weight 减肥steal-stole stolen 偷lay out 摆开tradition 名词，传统traditional 形容词，传统的trick or treat 不给糖就捣蛋（Halloween 万圣节小孩子的用语）lie down 躺下tell lies 撒谎die(v.)-dead(adj.)-death(n.)punish(动词，惩罚)punishment 名词 惩罚warn sb.not to do sth,警告某人不要做某事at present 目前欢迎阅读warm(adj.温暖的)-warmth(n.温暖)Unit 3stamp 名词：邮票/动词：跺脚be in a rush 急急忙忙=be in a hurryrush hour（上下班）高峰期表示“建议”advise(动词)advice(名词，不可数)advise sb.to do sth.suggest(动词)suggestion（名词，可数）suggest sb.do sth.crowd(名词，人群)crowded(形容词，拥挤的)uncrowded(形容词，不拥挤的)convenient（形容词，方便的）-convenience（名词，方便，便利）in the corner of在的拐角direct(动词，指导)-director(导演)-direction（方向）polite-impoliteUnit 4humor(名词，幽默)-humorous（形容词，幽默的）be in silence=silent表示“分数”score 名词：分数；动词；得分（足球或篮球比赛中）grademarkpointinterview：采访interviewer:采访者interviewee：被采访者deal with=do with 处理dare to do/dare not to do 敢于（不敢）做某事How dare you!你敢！private=personal 私人的body guard 保镖Britain 英国-British 英国的，英国人的the public 公众，大众（Im afraid to speak in front of the public.）in public:在公众场合influence：影响have influence on对有影响absent:形容词，缺席的（absent-欢迎阅读minded 心不在焉的）absence：名词，缺席in person 亲自（Ill do it in person.）be proud of=take pride in为而骄傲general：名词：将军形容词：大体上的（general idea）in general:大体上，总体说来introduce:动词，介绍introduction：名词，介绍Unit5fair:名词：展览会，交易会形容词：公平的produce：动词，生产production：名词，生产/product：名词，产品be known as 作为出名be known for 因而出名local 当地的（范围小）native 本地的，（范围比较大，本国的也可称为 native，例如：native speaker）whatever=no matter whatwhenever=no matter whenwherever=no matter wherewhoever=no matter whohowever=no matter how(不管怎样，不是“然而”，注意区分)avoid doing sth.避免做某事every day(用于句首，逗号隔开。或句尾)everyday=daily 形容词，每日的compete 动词，竞争competitor 名词，参赛者，竞争者competition 名词，竞争，比赛Unit 6electric:电的electronic：电子的electricity：电please 动词，令满意pleased：形容词，满意的（修饰人）pleasant：形容词，令人满意的（修饰物）阅读中题目里常常提到的单词：mention：动词，提到欢迎阅读refer：提及infer：推断by accident=by chance 偶然地rule:名词，规则，规矩动词：统治ruler：名词：尺子，统治者remain:动词，保持不变，剩余remaining:形容词，剩下的take place:发生（发生变化）happen：发生（发生事故）there is no doubt that毫无疑问translate 动词，翻译translator 名词，翻译者translation 名词，翻译all of a sudden=suddenlyby mistake 错误地divided A into把 A 分成not onlybut also(not only开头时倒装)look up to 仰视，钦佩look down upon 鄙视，看不起Unit 7driving license 驾驶执照形容词，安全的safety 名词，安全tiny 极小的（郭敬明小时代Tiny Times）lift 名词：电梯动词：举起talk back/shout back 回嘴regret to do 遗憾要去做某事regret doing 后悔做某事poem 诗文poet 诗人keepaway from 保持远离make a decision to do sth,=decide to doget in the way 挡路in this way 用这种方法on the way to在去的路上educate 动词，教育educator 名词，教育者education 名词，教育choose 动词，选择（choose to do）欢迎阅读choice 名词，选择Unit 8attend 参加（会议）value 名词，价值valuable 形容词，有价值的noise 名词，噪音noisy 形容词，吵闹的sleepy 困倦的asleep 睡着的land 名词 土地，陆地（不可数）动词，着陆mystery 奥秘，神秘的事物mysterious 奥秘的，神秘的accept(主动接受)receive(被动接受)prevent sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事energy 名词，能量energetic 形容词，有活力的Unit 9prefer A to Bprefer doing to doingprefer to do rather than dobe supposed to do 应该做某事plenty of=a lot ofshut off 关闭，停止运转pain 名词，疼痛painful 形容词，疼痛的perform 动词表演performer 表演者performance 名词，表演What a pity!真可惜！in total=totally 总体上wound 创伤，伤口（战争引起的外伤，枪伤）Unit 10custom 习惯风俗customs 海关customer 顾客consume 消费costume 戏服make an effort to do 努力做某事knock at 敲门knock into 撞到be worth doing 值得做某事change 动词：改变名词：零钱go out of ones way to do sth.特地欢迎阅读做某事make sb.feel at home 令某人感到宾至如归behave 表现-behavior 名词，表现except：除了（不包括）besides:除了（包括）used to do 过去常常做某事be used to doing 习惯做某事Unit 11would rather do than dolately=recently 最近leave out 忽略，不提及power 名词，力量powerful 形容词，有力量的fame 名声，名望famous 形容词，有名望的，着名的wealth 名词，财富wealthy 形容词 富有的to start with 开始，（用于句首，逗号隔开）lemon 柠檬lemonade 柠檬汁let sb.down 令某人失望kick sb.off 开除某人（kick 本意为踢，把某人踢出