材料加工复试英语专业名词.docx

材料科学
Material Science
物料科学定义
Material Science Definition
加工性能
Machinability
强度
Strength
抗腐蚀及耐用
Corrosion & resistance durability
金属与合金 Metal and Alloy
铁及非铁金属
Ferrous & Non Ferrous Metal
金属的特性
Features of Metal
晶体结构 Crystal Pattern
金相及相律 Metal Phase and Phase Rule
固熔体 Solid solution
置换型固熔体 Substitutional type solid solution
插入型固熔体 Interstital solid solution
金属间化物 Intermetallic compound
金属变态
Transformation
Allotropic Transformation
合金平衡状态
Thermal Equilibrium
相律
Phase Rule
自由度
Degree of freedom
临界温度
Critical temperture
共晶包晶温度 Peritectic Temperature

包晶反应 Peritectic Reaction
包晶合金 Peritectic Alloy
亚共晶体 Hypoeutetic Alloy
过共晶体 Hyper-ectectic Alloy
金属塑性 Plastic Deformation
滑动面 Slip Plan
畸变 Distortion
硬化 Work Hardening
退火 Annealing
回复柔软 Crystal Recovery
再结晶 Recrystallization
金属材料的性能及试验
Properties & testing of metal
化学性能
Chemical Properties
物理性能
Physical Properties
磁性
Magnetisum
比电阻
Specific resistivity & specific resistance
比重
Specific gravity & specific density
比热
Specific Heat
热膨胀系数
Coefficient of thermal expansion
导热度
Heat conductivity
机械性能 Mechanical properties
屈服强度(降伏强度) (Yield strangth)
弹性限度、阳氏弹性系数及屈服点
elastic limit, Yeung´s module of elasticity to yield point
伸长度
Elongation
断面缩率
Reduction of area
金属材料的试验方法
Non – destructive inspections
显微观察法
Destructive Inspection
冲击测试
Impact Test
疲劳测试
Fatigue Test
钢铁的主要成份
The major element of steel
铁相
Steel Phases
钢铁的名称
Name of steel
纯铁体
Ferrite
渗碳体
Cementitle
奥氏体 Austenite
珠光体及共析钢
Pearlite &Eutectoid
奥氏体碳钢
Austenite Carbon Steel
单相金属
Single Phase Metal
共析变态
Eutectoid Transformation
珠光体 Pearlite
亚铁析体
Hyppo-Eutectoid
初释纯铁体 Pro-entectoid ferrite
过共释钢 Hype-eutectoid
珠光体 Pearlite
粗珠光体 Coarse pearlite
中珠光体 Medium pearlite
幼珠光体 Fine pearlite
磁性变态点 Magnetic Transformation
钢铁的制造 Manufacturing of Steel
连续铸造法 Continuous casting process
电炉 Electric furnace
均热炉 Soaking pit
全静钢 Killed steel
半静钢 Semi-killed steel
沸腾钢(未净钢) Rimmed steel
钢铁生产流程 Steel Production Flow Chart
钢材的熔铸、锻造、挤压及延轧

The Casting, Fogging, Extrusion, Rolling & Steel
熔铸 Casting
锻造 Fogging
挤压 Extrusion
延轧 Rolling
冲剪 Drawing & stamping
特殊钢 Special Steel
硬化性能
Hardenability
钢的脆性
Brittleness of Steel
低温脆性 Cold brittleness
回火脆性 Temper brittleness
硬度及拉力 Hardness & Tensile strength test
拉伸测试(顺纹测试)
Elongation test
钢的种类 Type of Steel
表面处理 Surface Finish
常用尺寸 Commonly Used Size
不锈钢
Stainless Steel
不锈钢的定义 Definition of Stainless Steel
不锈钢之分类，耐腐蚀性及耐热性
Classification, Corrosion Resistant & Heat Resistance of Stainless Steel
铁铬系不锈钢片
Chrome Stainless Steel
马氏体不锈钢
Martensite Stainless Steel
低碳马氏体不锈钢
Low Carbon Martensite Stainless Steel
含铁体不锈钢
Ferrite Stainless Steel
镍铬系不锈钢
Nickel Chrome Stainless Steel
铁锰铝不锈钢
Fe / Mn / Al / Stainless Steel
不锈钢的磁性
General Specification of Tension Annealed Stainless Steel Strips
耐热不锈钢
Heat-Resistance Stainless Steel
镍铬系耐热不锈钢特性、化学成份、及操作温度
Heat-Resistance Stainless Steel
铬系耐热钢
Chrome Heat Resistance Steel
镍铬耐热钢
Ni - Cr Heat Resistance Steel
超耐热钢
Special Heat Resistance Steel
抗热超级合金
Heat Resistance Super Alloy
耐热不锈钢比重表
Specific Gravity of Heat – resistance steel plates and sheets stainless steel
不锈钢材及耐热钢材标准对照表
Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steels
高碳钢片 High Carbon Steel Strip
用含碳量分类 – 即低碳钢、中碳钢及高碳钢
Classification According to Carbon Contains
弹簧用碳钢片
CarbonSteel Strip For Spring Use
冷轧状态 Cold Rolled Strip
回火状态 Annealed Strip
淬火及回火状态
Hardened & Tempered Strip/ Precision – Quenched Steel Strip
贝氏体钢片 Bainite Steel Strip
弹簧用碳钢片材之边缘处理 Edge Finished
淬火剂
Quenching Media
碳钢回火 Tempering
回火有低温回火及高温回火
Low & High Temperature Tempering
高温回火
High Temperature Tempering
退火 Annealing
完全退火 Full Annealing
扩散退火 Diffusion Annealing
低温退火 Low Temperature Annealing
中途退火 Process Annealing
球化退火 Spheroidizing Annealing
光辉退火 Bright Annealing
淬火 Quenching
时间淬火 Time Quenching
奥氏铁孻回火 Austempering
马氏铁体淬火 Marquenching
高碳钢片用途 End Usage of High Carbon Steel Strip镀镍 Nickel Plated
镀铬 Chrome Plated
镀黄铜 Brass Plated
基层金属 Base Metal of Plated Metal Strip
低碳钢或铁基层金属
Iron & Low Carbon as Base Metal
不锈钢基层金属 Stainless Steel as Base Metal
铜基层金属
Copper as Base Metal
黄铜基层金属
Brass as Base Metal
轴承合金 Bearing Alloy
易溶合金 Fusible Alloy
焊接合金 Soldering and Brazing Alloy
软焊 Soldering Alloy
n处理及表面状况
Finish & Surface
化学成份 Chemical Composition
机械性能 Mechanical Properties
加工方法
Manufacturing Method
应用材料
Material Used
金属材料：metal material (MR)
成形工艺：formation technology
1 铸造
铸造工艺：casting technique
铸件：foundry goods （casting）
机器零件：machine part
毛坯：blank
力学性能：mechanical property
砂型铸造：sand casting process
型砂：foundry sand
1.1 铸件成形理论基础
合金：alloy
铸造性能：casting property
工艺性能：processing property
收缩性：constringency
偏析性：aliquation
氧化性：oxidizability
吸气性：inspiratory
铸件结构：casting structure
使用性能：service performance
浇不足：misrun
冷隔：cold shut
夹渣：cinder inclusion
粘砂：sand fusion
缺陷：flaw, defect, falling
流动性：flowing power
铸型：cast (foundry mold)
蓄热系数：thermal storage capacity
浇注：pouring
凝固：freezing
收缩性：constringency
逐层凝固：layer-by-layer freezing
糊状凝固：mushy freezing
结晶：crystal
缩孔：shrinkage void
缩松：shrinkage porosity
顺序凝固：progressive solidification
冷铁：iron chill
补缩：feeding
等温线法：constant temperature line method
内接圆法：inscribed circle method
铸造应力：casting stress
变形：deforming 裂纹：crack 机械应力：mechanical stress
热应力：heat stress 相变应力：transformation stress
气孔：blow hole 铸铁：ingot 铸钢：cast steel
非铁合金：nonferrous alloy 灰铸铁：gray cast-iorn
孕育处理：inoculation 球墨铸铁：spheroidal
球化处理：sheroidisation 可锻铸铁：ductile cast iron
石墨：graphite 蠕墨铸铁：vermicular cast iron
热处理：heat processing 铝合金：Al-alloy
熔炼：fusion metallurgy 铜合金：copper alloy 氢脆：hydrogen brittleness
1.2 铸造方法 （casting method）
手工造型：hand moulding
机器造型：machine moulding
金属型：metal mold casting
金属模：permanent mould
压力铸造：press casting
熔模铸造：investment moulding
蜡膜：cere
离心铸造：centrifugal casting
低压铸造：casting under low pressure
差压铸造：counter-pressure casting
陶瓷型铸造：shaw process
1.3 铸造工艺设计
浇注位置：pouring position
分型面：mould joint
活块：loose piece
起模：patter drawing
型芯：core
型芯撑：chaplet
工艺参数：processing parameter
下芯：core setting
合型：mould assembly
冒口：casting head
尺寸公差：dimensional tolerance
尺寸公差带：tolerance zone
机械加工余量：machining allowance
铸孔：core hole
非标准：nonstandard label
收缩率：rate of contraction
线收缩：linear contraction
体收缩：volume contraction
起模斜度：pattern draft
铸造圆角：curving of castings
芯头：core register
芯头间隙：clearance
芯座：core print seat
分型线：joint line
分模线die parting line
1.4 铸造结构工艺性
加强筋：rib reinforcement
撒砂：stuccoing
内腔：entocoele
2 金属塑性加工
塑性加工：plastic working
塑性：plastic property
锻造：forge work
冲压：punching
轧制：rolling
拉拔：drawing
挤压：extruding
细化晶粒：grain refinement
热锻：hit-forging
温锻：warm forging
2.1 金属塑性加工理论基础
塑性变形：plastic yield 加工硬化：work-hardening
韧性：ductility 回复温度：return temperature
再结晶：recrystallize 再结晶退火：full annealing
冷变形：cold deformation
热变性：heat denaturation
锻造比：forging ratio
镦粗：upset
拔长：pull out
纤维组织：fibrous tissue
锻造性能：forging property
可锻性：forgeability
变形抗力：resistance of deformation
化学成分：chemical constitution
热脆性：hot brittleness
冷脆性：cold-shortness
变形速度：deformation velocity
应力状态：stress condition
变形温度：deformation temperature
过热：overheating
过烧：burning
脱碳：carbon elimination
始锻温度：initiation forging temperature
终锻温度：final forging temperature