1、地理学 geography地理学[dVi5C^rEfi] geographer地理学家[dVi5C^rEfE] hemisphere半球[5hemisfiE] meridian子午线/经线[mE5ridiEn] parallel平行圈[5pArElel] latitude纬线[5lAtitju:d] longitude经度[5lCndVitju:d] elevation 海拔[7eli5veiFEn] altitude高度/海拔[5Altitju:d] temperate latitudes温带地区 horizon地平线[hE5raizn] equator赤道[i5kw
2、eitE] tropic热带地区[5trCpik] Arctic/the north pole北极[5B:ktik] Antarctic(Antarctica)南极(南极洲) the Antarctic continent南极洲[Ant5B:ktik] Antarctic circle南极圈 Aurora极光[C:5rC:rE] Tropic of Cancer北回归线[5kAnsE] Tropic of Capricorn南回归线[5kAprIkC:n] international date line国际日期变更线 time difference时差 expeditio
3、n探险[7ekspi5diFEn] time zone时区 topography地形/地形学[tE5pC^rEfi] plain平原 plateau(highland)高地[5plAtEu] lowland低地 basin盆地 oasis绿洲[Eu5eisis] peak山峰 cavern(cave) 洞穴[5kAvEn] terrain地域[5terein] subterranean(underground)地底下[sQbtE5reInIEn] coastland沿海地区[ `kEJstlAnd] coastline海岸线[5kEustlain] watershe
4、d分水岭[5wC:tEFed] upper reaches上游 lower reaches下游 tributary支流[5tribjutEri] deposit沉积[di5pCzit] spring/fountain泉水[5fauntin] iceberg冰山 riverbed河床[5rIvEbed] gulf/bay海湾[bei] waterfall瀑布[5wC:tEfC:l] reef暗礁[ri:f] tide潮水[taid] tropical rain forest热带雨林 island岛屿[5ailEnd] continental island大陆岛[7kC
5、nti5nentl] volcanic island火山岛[vCl5kAnik] coral island珊瑚岛[5kCrEl] islet小岛[5ailit] peninsular半岛[pi5ninsjulE] archipelago群岛[7B:ki5peli^Eu] delta三角洲[5deltE] landlocked area内陆[5lAndlRkt] continent大陆[5kCntinEnt] inland waterway内陆河[5inlEnd] [5wC:tEwei] subcontinent次大陆[7sQb5kCntinEnt] range山脉[rei
6、ndV] cliff山崖[klif] valley山谷,峡谷[5vAli] hillside/mountain slope山坡[`hIlsaId] [5mauntin] [slEup] continental shelf大陆架[Felf] canyon峡谷[5kAnjEn] channel(strait)海峡[5tFAnl] [streit] remote-sensing遥感的 terrestrial地球的/陆地的[ti5restriEl] terrestrial heat(geothermal)地热[7dVi(:)Eu5WEmEl] terrestrial magneti
7、sm(geomagnetism)地磁[5mA^nitizEm] [9dVi:EJ`mA^nItIzEm] continental drift theory大陆漂移学说 sea-floor spreading海床扩展 evaporation蒸发[i7vApE5reiFEn] salinity含盐度[sE5liniti] ocean bottom海床 sediment沉淀物/沉积物[5sedimEnt] tropical热带的 temperate温带的[5tempErit] frigid寒带的[5fridVid] formation形成[fC:5meiFEn] frost
8、heaving冻涨现象[frCst] fieldstone卵石[`fi:ldstEJn] 地质学 geology地质学[dVi5ClEdVi] geologist地质学家[dVi5ClEdVist] stratum(pl:strata) ,layer地层[5streitEm] [5streitE] [5leiE] stratigraphy地层学[strE5ti^rEfi] crust地壳[krQst] mantle地幔[5mAntl] core地核[kC:] continental crust大陆地壳[krQst] oceanic crust海洋地壳[
9、7EuFi5Anik] plate板块[pleit] fault断层[fC:lt] fault plane断层面 fault zone断层带[zEun] rift(crack, split) 断裂[rift] [krAk] [split] disintegration(decomposition)分解[dis7inti5^reiFEn] [7di:kCmpE5ziFEn] erosion腐蚀[i5rEuVEn] fossil化石[5fCsl] outer core外核 igneous rock火成岩[5i^niEs] [rCk] metamorphic rock变质岩[7
10、metE5mC:fik] volcanic火山岩[vCl5kAnik] quartz石英[kwC:ts] quartzite石英岩[5kwC:tsait] sedimentary rock沉积岩[sedI5mentErI] limestone石灰岩[5laimstEun] granite花岗岩[5^rAnit] marble大理石[5mB:bl] lithosphere岩石圈[5liWE7sfiE] magma/molten lava岩浆[5mA^mE] [5mEultEn] [5lB:vE] mineral矿物[5minErEl] ore矿石[C:(r)] depo
11、sit矿床[di5pCzit] platinum白金/铂[5plAtinEm] silver银 copper黄铜[5kCpE] aluminum铝[E5lju:minEm] tin锡[tin] lead铅[li:d] zinc锌[ziNk] nickel镍[5nikl] mercury汞/水银[5mE:kjuri] sodium钠[5sEudjEm] gem宝石[dVem] diamond钻石[5daiEmEnd] emerald绿宝石[5emErEld] ruby红宝石[5ru:bi] the Northern Hemisphere北半球 glacier冰川[
12、5^lAsjE, 5^leiFE] glacial冰川的[5^leisjEl, 5^lAs-] glacial epoch(age,period)冰川期[5i:pCk, 5epCk] glacial drift冰渍 volcano火山[vCl5keinEu] active volcano活火山 extinct volcano死火山[iks5tiNkt] dormant volcano休眠火山[5dC:mEnt] eruption火山喷发[i5rQpFEn] crater火山口[5kreitE] lava火山岩浆[5lB:vE] volcanic火山的[vCl5kAnik]
13、 volcanic dust火山尘 volcanic ash火山灰 earthquake(quake, tremor, seism)地震[5tremE] [5saizEm] seismic地震的[5saIzmIk] seismology地震学[saiz5mClEdVi] geonomy地球学[dVi:5CnEmi] magnitude震级[5mA^nitju:d] seismic wave地震波[5saIzmIk] cataclysm灾变[5kAtEklizEm] tidal force/tsunami海啸[tsju:5nB:mi] melt global warming
14、全球逐渐变暖 aquifer蓄水层 swamp沼泽[5AkwifE] vegetation植被[7vedVi5teiFEn] Great Canyon大峡谷[5kAnjEn] natural wonder自然景观 Nile River尼罗河[nail] Colorado river科罗拉多河[7kClE5rB:dEu] Geologic survey地质调查 Greenwich Mean Time格林尼治时间[5^rinidV] desert沙漠[di5zE:t] coastline海岸线 tributary支流[5tribjutEri] volcano erupti
15、on火山爆发 天文学 astronomy天文学[E5strRnEmI] astronomical天文的[AstrE5nRmIk(E)l] astronomical observatory天文台[Eb5zE:vEtEri] planetarium天文馆[plAnI5teErIEm] astronomer天文学家[E5strRnEmE(r)] astrophysics天文物理学[AstrEJ5fIzIks] astrology占星学[E5strRlEdVI] pseudoscience伪科学[(p)sj u:dEu5saiEns] cosmos(universe
16、)宇宙[5kCzmCs] infinite无限的[5infinit] cosmic宇宙的[5kCzmik] cosmic radiation宇宙辐射[7reidi5eiFEn] cosmic rays宇宙射线 celestial天体的[si5lestjEl, si5lestFEl] celestial body(heavenly body)天体 celestial map(sky atlas)天体图 celestial sphere天球 dwarf(dwarf star)矮星[dwC:f] quasar类星体[5kweisB:] constellation星座[kCnst
17、E5leiFEn] galaxy(Milky Way)银河系[5^AlEksi] star cluster星团 asterism星群[5AstErizEm] solar system太阳系[5sEulE] [5sIstEm] solar corona日冕[kE5rEunE] solar eclipse日食[i5klips] solar radiation太阳辐射[7reidi5eiFEn] satellite卫星[5sAtElait] planet行星[5plAnIt] comet彗星[5kCmit] planetoid(asteroid)小行星[`plAnItRId]
18、[5AstErCid] revolve旋转[ri5vClv] twinkle闪烁[5twiNkl] naked eye肉眼[5neikid] Mercury水星[5mE:kjuri] Venus金星[5vi:nEs] Earth地球 Mars火星[mB:z] Jupiter木星[5dVu:pitE] Saturn土星[5sAtE(:)n] Uranus天王星[5ju:ErEnEs] Neptune海王星[5neptju:n] Pluto冥王星[5plu:tEu] orbit轨道[5C:bit] spin旋转[spin] lunar月球的[5lju:nE] met
19、eor流星[5mi:tjE] meteor shower流星雨[5FauE] meteoroid流星体[5mi:tjErCid] meteorite陨石[5mi:tjErait] space(outer space)太空,外层空间 spacecraft(spaceship)宇宙飞船[5speiskrB:ft] spaceman(astronaut)宇航员[5AstrEnC:t] space suit宇航服[sju:t] space shuttle航天飞机[5FQtl] space telescope空间望远镜[5teliskEup] star恒星 stellar恒星的[5
20、stelE] intergalactic星系间的[7intE^E5lAktik] interstellar恒星间的[5intE(:)5stelE] interplanetary行星间的[7intE(:)5plAnitEri] asteroid小行星[5AstErCid] nebula星云[5nebjulE] space debris太空垃圾[5debri:, 5deib-] ammonia氨[5AmEunjE] corona日冕[kE5rEunE] chromosphere色球[5krEumEsfiE] photosphere光球[5fEutEusfiE] convect
21、ion zone对流层[kEn5vekFEn] [zEun] vacuum真空[5vAkjuEm] absolute magnitude绝对量级 radiation辐射[7reidi5eiFEn] emission发射/散发[i5miFEn] high-resolution高清晰度[7rezE5lju:FEn] interferometer干扰仪[7intEfiE5rCmitE] illusive object幻影体[i5lu:siv] faint微弱的[feint] image影像 gravitational吸引力 molten熔化的(金属、岩石) [5mEultEn]
22、 leap year闰年[li:p] rotation自转[rEu5teiFEn] revolution公转[7revE5lu:FEn] sunspot太阳黑子[5sQnspRt] black hole黑洞[hEul] ultraviolet ray紫外线[5QltrE5vaiElit] infrared ray红外线[5infrE5red] luminosity光度[7lju:mi5nCsiti] light year光年 气象学 meteorology气象[7mi:tjE5rClEdVi] meteorologist气象学家[7mi:tjE5rClEdVis
23、t] meteorological station气象站[mi:tIErE5lRdVIk(E)l] forecast(predict)预报[pri5dikt] climate气候[5klaimit] atmosphere大气层[5AtmEsfiE] troposphere对流层[5trCpEusfiE] stratosphere平流层[5strAtEusfiE] cold front冷锋[frQnt] warm air mass热气团 current(气)流[5kQrEnt] vapor蒸汽[5veipE] evaporate蒸发[i5vApEreit] damp(we
24、t,moist,humid)潮湿[dAmp] [mCist] [5hju:mid] humidity湿度[hju:5miditi] moisture潮湿/水分[5mCistFE] saturate饱和[5sAtFEreit] dew露[dju:] frost霜[frCst, frC:st] fog(mist)雾 smog烟雾[smC^] droplet小水[5drCplit] condense浓缩[kEn5dens] crystal水晶体[5kristl] downpour(torrential rain)大雨[5daJnpC:(r)] [tC5renFEl] temp
25、est(storm)/ (torrential rain)暴风雨[5tempist] drizzle细雨[5drizl] shower阵雨[5FauE] hail冰雹[heil] blizzard(snowstorm)暴风雪[5blizEd] avalanche(snow slide)雪崩[5AvE7lB:nF] precipitation(雨、露、雪等)降水[pri7sipi5teiFEn] thunder雷[5WQndE] breeze微风[bri:z] sandstorm沙暴[5sAndstC:m] monsoon季风[mCn5su:n] gale大风[^eil]
26、 whirlwind旋风[5(h)wE:lwind] typhoon台风[tai5fu:n] hurricane飓风[5hQrikEn, -kin] tornado(twister, catastrophe)龙卷风[tC:5neidEu] [5twistE] [kE5tAstrEfi] upper atmosphere上层大气 funnel漏斗,漏斗云[5fQnEl] disaster(calamity, catastrophe)灾难[di5zB:stE] [kE5lAmiti] [kE5tAstrEfi] devastation破坏 [7devEs5teiFEn] subme
27、rge淹没 [sEb5mE:dV] drought旱灾[draut] convection对流[kEn5vekFEn] wind velocity风速[vi5lCsiti] wind scale风级 wind direction风向 long-range forecast长期预报 numerical weather prediction数值天气预报 nephanalysis云层分析,卫星云图[nefE5nAlisis] stratus层云[5streitEs] carbon dioxide release二氧化碳排放[5kB:bEn] [dai5Cksaid] purif
28、y净化 [5pjuErifai] acid rain酸雨[5AsId] sewage disposal污水处理[5sju(:)idV] [dis5pEuzEl] waste disposal废物处理 environment protection环境保护 微生物学 microorganism/microbe微生物[5maIkrEJb] [maIkrEJ5C:^EnIz(E)m] microbiology微生物学[maIkrEJbaI5RlEdVI] antibody抗体[5Anti7bCdi] toxin 毒素[5tCksin] immunity免疫[i5mju:ni
29、ti] immunology免疫学[7imju5nClEdV i] vaccine疫苗[5vAksi:n] fungus(fungi)真菌[5fQN^Es] [5fQndVai, 5fQN^ai] bacteria细菌[bAk5tiEriE] fermentation发酵[7fE:men5teiFEn] inflection传染(感染) [in5flekFEn] virus毒素[5vaiErEs] disinfection消毒[7disin5fekFEn] sterilization灭菌[sterilai5zeiFEn] food chain食物链[tFein]
30、 生物学 biology生物学[bai5ClEdVi] biologist生物学家[bai5ClEdVist] marine biology海洋生物学[mE5ri:n] entomology昆虫学[entEu5mClEdVi] ornithology鸟类学[7C:ni5WClEdVi, -nai-] genetics遗传学[dVi5netiks] speciology物种学[7spi:Fi5ClEdVi] parasitology寄生虫学[7pArEsai5tClEdVi] dinosaur恐龙[5dainEsC:] die out/extinction灭绝[
31、iks5tiNkFEn] microbiology微生物学[maIkrEJbaI5RlEdVI] paleontology古生物学[7pAliCn5tClEdVi] paleontologist古生物学家 mammal哺乳动物[5mAmEl] barnacle北极鹅[5bB:nEkl] underwater水下的[5QndE5wC:tE] marine海洋的[mE5ri:n] scuba水下呼吸器[5sku:bE] diving潜水/跳水[5daiviN] one-celled organism单细胞有机体(微生物) [5C:^EnizEm] jellyfish水母[5d
32、VelIfIF] tissue(动植物细胞的)组织[5tisju:] protective camouflage保护色[5kAmuflB:V] predator捕猎者[5predEtE] oceanic snail蜗牛[7EuFi5Anik] [sneil] animal adaptation动物适应性 wild environment野生环境 owl猫头鹰[Eul] insecticide杀虫剂[in5sektisaid] prenatal care产后护理[5pri:5neitl] habitat栖息地[5hAbitAt] squid鱿鱼[skwid] tentac
33、le触须[5tentEkl] prey捕食[prei] navigate导航[5nAvi^eit] tiny receptor接受器[5taini] specimen范例, 标本, 样本[5spesimin, -mEn] amphibian两栖类动物[Am5fibiEn] decline in the number数量减少 genetic基因的,遗传的[dVi5netik] endangered species濒危物种[In`deIndVEd] [5spi:Fiz] survival活着的[sE5vaivEl] transition转变/过渡[trAn5ziVEn, -5s
34、iFEn] yeast酵母(菌) [ji:st] single-cell单细胞 reptile爬行类动物[5reptail] turtle海龟[5tE:tl] hatch孵化[hAtF] nest巢 robin知更鸟[5rCbin] wasp黄蜂[wCsp] offspring子孙[5RfsprIN; (?@) 5C:f-] chew up咀嚼[tFu:] rodent啮齿类动物[5rEudEnt] burro驴子[5bQrEu] octopus章鱼[5CktEpEs] spider蜘蛛[5spaidE] unfertilized eggs未受精的卵[5Qn5fE
35、tilaizd] nutrient营养品[5nju:triEnt] nourishment营养品/食物[5nQrIFmEnt] feed喂养[fi:d] cannibalism同类相食[`kAnIbElIzLm] gene基因[dVi:n] respiration system呼吸系统[7respi5reiFEn] reproductive system生殖系统[5ri:prE5dQktiv] ingestion摄食[in5dVestFEn] digestion消化[di5dVestFEn, dai5dVestFEn] digestive enzyme消化酶[di5dVe
36、stiv, dai-] [5enzaIm] cell细胞 nucleus细胞核[5nju:kliEs] protein蛋白质[5prEuti:n] amino acid氨基酸[5AminEu] plankton浮游生物[5plANkt(E)n] heredity遗传[hi5rediti] mutation of species物种变异[mju(:)5teiFEn] [5spi:Fiz] chromosome染色体[5krEumEsEum] genetic engineering遗传工程[dVi5netik] solitary独居[5sClitEri] social群居
37、bio-diversity生物多样性[5baIEJ] [dai5vE:siti] metamorphosis变态/变形[7metE5mC:fEsis] mutation变种[mju(:)5teiFEn] variation变异[7vZEri5eiFEn] anemone海葵[E5nemEni] antenna触角,天线[An5tenE] hibernation冬眠 evolution进化[7i:vE5lu:FEn, 7evE-] adaptation适应[7AdAp5teiFEn] 动物学 zoology动物学[zEu5ClEdVi] Darwinism达尔文学说[5dB
38、winizEm] natural selection自然选择[5nAtFErEl] class纲 order目 family科 genus属[5dVi:nEs] suborder亚目 species种[5spi:Fiz] invertebrate无脊椎动物[in5vE:tibrit] vertebrate脊椎动物[5vE:tibrit] aquatic(life)水生动物[E5kwAtik] reptile爬行动物[5reptail] amphibian(amphibious animal)两栖动物[Am5fibiEn] [Am5fibiEs] protozoa原生
39、动物[prEutEu5zEuE] rodent啮齿动物(如松鼠) [5rEudEnt] ruminant反刍(chu)动物[5ru:minEnt] cold-blooded animal冷血动物 warm-blooded animal温血动物 parasitic animal寄生动物[7pArE5sitik] primate灵长动物[5praimit] plankton浮游生物[5plANkt(E)n] mollusk软体动物[5mClEsk] coelenterate腔肠动物[si5lentEreit] herbivore食草动物[5hE:bivC:] carnivor
40、e食肉动物[5kB:nivC:] dinosaur恐龙[5dainEsC:] bird鸟类 extinction灭绝 mammal哺乳动物[5mAmEl] Primates灵长目动物 insect昆虫 antenna(pl: antennae)触须[An5tenE] larva幼虫/幼体[5lB:vE] camouflage伪装[5kAmuflB:V] pest害虫 worm虫(蠕虫) hibernate冬眠 lizard蜥蜴[5lizEd] chameleon变色蜥蜴[kE5mi:ljEn] regeneration再生[ri7dVenE5reiFEn] tu
41、rtle龟[5tE:tl] beast野兽[bi:st] domesticate驯养[dE5mestikeit] predatory(carnivorous)食肉的[5predEtEri] [kB:5nivErEs] predator捕食者[5predEtE] prey捕食,被捕食的动物[prei] scavenger食腐动物[5skAvindVE] migrate迁移[mai5^reit, 5mai^reit] wing翅膀/翼 bill(鸟)嘴[bil] beak (鹰等的)嘴[bi:k] nest筑巢 dolphin海豚[5dClfin] whale鲸鱼[wei
42、l, hw-] bat蝙蝠 gorilla大猩猩[^E5rilE] chimpanzee黑猩猩[5tFimpEn5zi:] habitat栖息地[5hAbitAt] shrimp小虾[Frimp] prawn对虾[prC:n] lobster对虾[5lCbstE] crab螃蟹[krAb] clam蛤蜊[klAm] sponge海绵[spQndV] coral珊瑚[5kCrEl] starfish海星[5stB:fiF] canary金丝雀[kE5nZEri] chirp(鸟/虫的叫声)唧唧[tFE:p] owl猫头鹰[Eul] vulture秃鹫[5vQltF
43、E(r)] penguin企鹅[5peN^win] crane鹤[krein] stork鹳[stC:k] squeak(老鼠等)吱吱[skwi:k] porpoise海豚[5pC:pEs] otter水獭[5CtE] frog青蛙 tadpole蝌蚪[5tAdpEul] salamander蝾螈[5sAlEmAndE] scorpion蝎子[5skC:piEn] centipede蜈蚣[5sentipi:d] cicada蝉[si5keidE, -5kB:dE] mantis螳螂[5mAntis] wasp黄蜂[wCsp] hornet大黄蜂[5hC:nit]
44、 cockroach蟑螂[5kCkrEutF] earthworm蚯蚓 sloth树獭[slEuW] slothful懒惰的[5slEJWfJl] hygiene卫生[5haidVi:n] sanitation卫生[sAni5teiFEn] parasite寄生虫[5pArEsait] moth蛾[mCW] caterpillar毛虫[5kAtEpilE] horde(昆虫等)群[hC:d] swarm (昆虫等)群[swC:m] flock(鸟羊等)群[flCk] community动物的群落或人的部落 herd兽群[hE:d] bunch(花等)束/捧[bQnt
45、F] beaver海狸[5bi:vE] monogamous一夫一妻的/一雄一雌的[mC5nC^EmEs] polygamous 一夫多妻的/一雄多雌的[pC5li^EmEs] polyandrous一妻多夫的/一雌多雄的[7 pCli5AndrEs] trapper诱捕动物者[5trApE] rhinoceros犀牛[rai5nCsErEs] niche小生态环境[nitF] vestige退化器官/遗迹[5vestidV] oyster牡蛎[5CistE] fertilizer使――受精[5fE:ti7laizE] larva幼虫[5lB:vE] tentacle触
46、角[5tentEkl] homotherm恒温动物[`hEJmEW\:m] poikilotherm变温动物[pCi5kilEuWE:m] metabolism新陈代谢[me5tAbElizEm] baboon狒狒[bE5bu:n] breed品种,繁殖[bri:d] multiply(reproduce繁殖) [5mQltipli] [7ri:prE5dju:s] hatch孵[hAtF] spawn(鱼、虾、蛙等)孵[spC:n] anatomy解剖学[E5nAtEmi] appetite食欲[5Apitait] creature生物 microbe微生物 her
47、bivorous食草的[hE:5bivErEs] carnivorous食肉的[kB:5nivErEs] omnivorous杂食的[Cm5nivErEs] scale鳞[skeil] feather羽毛[5feTE] armor甲[5B:mE] spinal cord脊椎[5spainl] [kC:d] digestive system消化系统[di5dVestiv, dai-] excretory system排泄系统[eks5kri:tEri] reproductive system生殖系统[5ri:prE5dQktiv] circulatory system循环系统
48、[s\:kjJ5leItErI; (?@) 5s\:kjElEtC:rI] respiratory system呼吸系统[ris5paiErEtEri] hormonal system内分泌系统[hR:`mEJnEl] antelope羚羊[5AntilEup] aphid蚜虫[5eifid] beluga白鲸[bE5lu:^E] bipedal两足动物的[`baI9pedLl,baI`pe-] rare animal稀有动物 生态学 ecology生态学[i(:)5kClEdVi] ecologist生态学家[i5kClEdVist] ecosyst
49、em生态系统[i:kE5sistEm] balance(of nature)自然界生态平衡 fauna动物群[5fC:nE] flora植物群[5flC:rE] rain forest雨林 food chain食物链 acid rain酸雨 greenhouse effect温室效应 infrared radiation红外线辐射[5infrE5red] ozone layer(ozonosphere)臭氧层[5EuzEun, Eu5z-] ultraviolet radiation紫外辐射[5QltrE5vaiElit] pollution污染 pollution c
50、ontrol污染控制 air pollution空气污染 water pollution水污染 noise pollution噪音污染 soil pollution土壤污染 pollution-free无污染 pollutant污染物[pE5lu:tEnt] noxious(toxic)有毒的[5nCkFEs] [5tCksik] fume(有毒)废气[fju:m] waste废物 solid waste固体垃圾 sewage(wastewater)污水[5sju(:)idV] sewage purification污水净化[7pjuErifi5keiFEn] sew






