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1、amid prep.in the middle of, among 在…之中 * disastrous a. extremely bad; terrible 灾难性的，糟透的 lord n. (in Britain) title of some officials of very high rank（英）大臣；大人，阁下 admiralty n. (the A～)(in Britain) government department in charge of the navy （英）海军部 campaign n. 1. a series of planned military
2、actions 战役 2. a planned series of activities, esp. in politics and business 运动 bloody a. 1. very violent, with a lot of wounding and killing 血腥的 2. covered with blood 血污的 mission n. 1. (usu. military) duty or purpose for which people are sent somewhere ［常指军事］任务 2. 天职，使命 privately ad. 1. not
3、 publicly 非公开地 2. personally; secretly 在涉及私（个）人方面；秘密地 private a. 1. personal; secret 私（个）人的；秘密的 2. not public 非公开的 disaster n. (a)sudden great misfortune 灾难，天灾；祸患 * grief n. a feeling of extreme sadness 悲哀 * grieve v. suffer from grief or great sadness （为…而）悲伤；伤心 retreat n. 1. a place in
4、to which one can go for peace and safety 隐居处 2. 撤退；避难 vi. move back or leave a center of fighting or other activity 撤退；退避 muse, Muse n. 1. (in Greek mythology) one of the nine goddesses of poetry, music, etc. 缪斯（希腊神话中司文艺的九位女神之一） 2. a force or person that inspires sb. to write, paint, etc. 创作灵感
5、 rescue n. help which gets sb. out of a dangerous or unpleasant situation 救助；救援 vt. 救助；救援 sister-in-law n. sister of one's husband or wife 姑子；姨子；嫂子；弟媳 sketch v. make a quick, rough drawing (of sth.) 素描，速写 n. 素描，速写 watercolo(u)r n. 水彩（颜料）；水彩画 magic n. 魔法，法术 a. 有魔力的 * distract vt. (from)
6、 take (one's mind, sb.) off sth. 转移（注意力）; 使转移注意力 * canvas n. 1. a piece of strong heavy cloth used for an oil painting 帆布画布 2. a completed oil painting 油画 * contemplate vt. look at in a serious or quiet way, often for some time （默默地）注视，凝视 blank a. 1. without writing, print or other marks 空白的
7、 2. expressionless；without understanding 无表情的；茫然的 unaccustomed a. not used (to sth.); not usual （对某物）不习惯的；不寻常的 accustomed a. regular; usual 惯常的，通常的 hesitantly ad. not doing sth. quickly or immediately for one's uncertainty or worry about it 犹豫不决地 infinite a. extremely great in degree or amou
8、nt; without limits or end 无限的；极大的 precaution n. 1. carefulness 防备，预防 2. an action taken to avoid sth. dangerous or unpleasant 预防措施 bean n. 豆；蚕豆 motorcar n. a car 汽车 alarm vt. excite with sudden fear or anxiety 使惊恐；使忧虑 n. 1. a sudden feeling of fear or anxiety 惊恐；忧虑 2. a warning of danger
9、警报 plunge vi. (into, in) 1. rush suddenly and deeply into sth. 投身于 2. suddenly fall in a particular direction 纵身投入；一头扎入 fierce a. 1. angry, violent and cruel 暴怒的；凶猛的；残酷的 2. (of heat, strong feelings) very great 强烈的 * slash n. a long sweeping cut or blow 砍；挥击 vt. cut with long sweeping force
10、ful strokes；move or force with this kind of cutting movement 砍，砍击；猛挥 absolutely ad. completely；without conditions 完全地；绝对地 * terrify vt. fill with terror or fear 恐吓，使惊吓 * wretched a. very unhappy or unfortunate 不幸的；可怜的 victim n. sb. or sth. hurt or killed as a result of other people's actions
11、 or of illness, bad luck, etc. 牺牲者，受害者；牺牲品 * fury n. 1. a wildly excited state (of feeling or activity) 狂热；激烈 2. (a state of) very great anger 狂怒 artistic a. 1. of. concerning art or artists 艺术的；艺术家的 2. made with inventive skill or imagination 富有艺术性的 companion n. mate; one who associates wi
12、th or accompanies another 同伴；伴侣 beloved a. much loved; darling 深爱的；亲爱的 overcome vt. 1. (often pass.) (by, with) (of feelings) take control and influence one's behavior ［常被动］（感情等）压倒，使受不了 2. win a victory over; defeat 克服；战胜 * refuge n. (a place that provides) protection or shelter from harm, da
13、nger or unhappiness 避难（所）；庇护（所） alas int. a cry expressing grief, sorrow or fear 唉（表示悲伤、忧愁、恐惧等） * revive v. 1. regain strength, consciousness, life, etc.；bring (sb. or sth.) back to strength, consciousness, life, etc. （使）复苏；（使）重振活力 2. become active, popular, or successful again 恢复生机；复兴；重新流行 gl
14、ow n. a feeling of warmth or pleasure 热烈 vi. emit a soft light 发光 amateur a. & n. (a person who is) not professional 业余（水平）的（运动员、艺术家等） entry n. 1. a person or thing taking part in a competition, race, etc. 参赛一员 2. entrance; the act of entering or the right to enter 进入；进入权 * anonymous a. (of
15、 a person) with name unknown；(of a letter, painting, etc.) written or created by an unidentified person 名字不详的；匿名的 disqualify vt. make or declare unfit, unsuitable, or unable to do sth. 取消…的资格；使不适合；使不能 rely vi. (on, upon) 1. have trust or confidence (in) 信任；信赖 2. depend with full trust or confid
16、ence 依赖 * historian n. a person who studies history and/or writes about it 历史学家 * barren a. (of land) unproductive （土地等）贫瘠的，荒芜的 awaken vt. 1. (to) cause to become conscious of 使意识到 2. cause to wake up 唤醒 * menace n. a threat or danger 威胁 abundant a. plentiful; more than enough 丰富的；充足的 ab
17、undance n. a great quantity; plenty 丰富；充裕；大量 odd a. 1. (infml.) (after numbers) a little more than the stated number ［常用以构成复合词］…以上的；…出头的 2. strange or unusual 奇特的；古怪的 3. 奇数的，单数的 existence n. the state of existing 存在；实有 * pastime n. hobby；sth. done to pass time in a pleasant way 消遣，娱乐 Phras
18、es and Expressions pay the price experience sth. unpleasant because one has done sth. wrong, made a mistake, etc. 付出代价 come to sb.'s rescue help sb. when he/she is in danger or difficulty 解救某人，救助某人 chance upon meet by chance; find by chance 偶然碰见；偶然发现 try one's hand attempt (to do sth.), esp.
19、 for the first time 尝试 plunge into begin to do sth. suddenly; enter without hesitation 突然或仓促地开始某事；突然冲入 before one knows it before one has time to consider the course of events 转眼之间，瞬息之间 fall upon attack fiercely 猛攻，猛扑 take refuge seek protection from danger or unhappiness 避难 rely on trust,
20、 or confidently depend on 依赖，依靠 fall from office lose a position of authority to which sb. was elected or appointed 离位，下台 awaken to cause to become conscious of 使意识到 bear fruit produce successful results 结果实；有成果 date from have existed since 始自 keep sb. company stay with sb. so that he/she
21、is not alone 陪伴某人 第二单元 excel v. (at) be the beat or better others (at sth.) 胜过他人 savings n. money saved, esp. in a bank 积蓄；存款 heartbreaking a. which causes great sorrow 令人悲痛的，令人心碎的 costly a. expensive, costing a lot of money 代价高昂的；昂贵的 sacrifice n. loss or giving up of sth. of value, esp.
22、for what is believed to be a good purpose 牺牲 vt. 牺牲 risk n. (of) a danger；sth. that might have undesirable results 危险；风险 vt. place in a dangerous situation 使遭受危险；冒…的风险 cope vi. (with) deal successfully (with a difficult situation) （妥善地）应付或处理 succession n. a series or the act of following one
23、 after the other （前后相接的）一系列，一连串；连续 successive a. following each other closely 接连的，连续的，相继的 *foster a. 收养孩子的；寄养的 vt. 收养；照料 scholarship n. 1. 奖学金 2. 学识；学术成就 owe vt. (to) 1. have sth. (usually sth. good) because of 把…归功于 2. have to pay, for sth. already done or given 欠 owing a. (to) still t
24、o be paid 未付的，欠着的 motivate vt. (often pass.) 1. provide (sb.) with a (strong) need, purpose or reason for doing sth. [常被动] 激发…的积极性 2. 使有动机 *surge vi. move, esp. forward, in or like powerful waves （如浪潮般） 汹涌；奔腾 n. （感情等的）洋溢或奔放 constitute vt. 1. form or make up 形成；构成 2. formally establish or ap
25、point 组建；选派 constitution n. 1. the act of establishing, making, or setting up；constituting 制定；设立；组成 2. (often cap.) [常大写] 宪法；法规；章程 *constitutional a. allowed or limited by a political constitution 宪法规定的；合乎宪法的 grind n. (AmE, often derog.) a student who is always working （美）［常贬义］用功的学生，书呆子 vt.
26、磨；磨碎 *stereotype n. a fixed pattern which is believed to represent a type of person or event 固定形式，老套 misplace vt. 1. lose (sth.),usu. for only a limited time （暂时）丢弃 2. put in an unsuitable or wrong place 把…放错地方 refugee n. sb. who has been forced to leave their country for political reason or
27、during a war 难民；流亡者 *resent vt. feel anger and dislike about sth. 对…表示愤恨 label vt. 1. describe as belonging to a particular kind or class 把…称为；把…列为 2. 加标签于；用标签标明 n. 标签 minority n. 1. a small part of a population which is different from others in race, religion, etc. 少数民族；少数派 2. the small nu
28、mber or part；less than half 少数 minor a. 较少的，较小的 *discrimination n. 1. the practice of unfairly treating sb. or sth. 区别对待；歧视 2. the ability to recognize the difference between two things 识别力；辨别力 reverse discrimination the making of distinctions in favour of groups considered disadvantaged or u
29、nderprivileged 逆向歧视，反其道而行之的歧视 *discriminate v. 1. (against, in favor of) unfairly treat one person or group worse or better than others 有差别地对待 2. see or make a difference between things or people 区别，辨别，区分 contrast n. (to, with) a strong difference between two people, objects or situations 对比；对照
30、 v. examine (two things) in order to find or show differences 对比；对照 exclude vt. keep out from a place or an activity 阻止…进入；把…排斥在外 exclusion n. the act of excluding or fact of being excluded 拒绝；排斥 exclusive a. (of) not taking into account；without；excluding 不算；不包括；把…排斥在外 exclusively ad. only；
31、and nothing/no one else 排斥其他地；专有地；单独地 immigrant n. a person who has come to live in a country from abroad 移民；侨民 prejudice n. unfair and usually unfavorable feeling or opinion about a group—e.g.a nationality or race 歧视；偏见；成见 series n. 1. (of) a set or group of things of the same kind or related
32、 in some way, coming one after another or in order 系列；连接 2. 丛书；广播（或电视）系列节目 fascinating a. having great attraction or charm 吸引人的；迷人的 *fascinate vt. (with) charm powerfully；be very interesting to 强烈地吸引；迷住 disturbing a. causing worry or fright 令人不安的；令人烦恼的 disturb vt. 1. break the peace or orde
33、r of 扰乱；打扰 2. cause to become anxious or upset 使心神不安；使烦恼 *disturbance n. 1. an act of disturbing or the state of being disturbed 打扰；扰乱 2. sth. that disturbs 造成干扰的事物 kindergarten n. a school or class for young children, usu. between the ages of four and six 幼儿园 *counterpart n. a person or thi
34、ng that has the same purpose or does the same job as another in a different system 对应的人（或物）；对手（方) battery n. 1. (of) a set or number of things of the same kind occurring in rapid succession 一组；一系列 2. 电池（组） *converge vi. (of two or more things) come together towards the same point （在一点上）会合；集中 t
35、he bottom line the basic point 基本要点 imbue v. (with)(usu. pass.) to fill with (sth., often a strong feeling or opinion) ［常被动］灌输（某种强烈的情感或意见） *offspring n. a child or children from particular parents 子女；后代 critical a. 1. providing a careful judgment of the good and bad qualities of sth. 判断（或评价）审
36、慎的 2. 批判的 3. 关键的 criticize (-cise) v. 1. make judgments about the good or bad points of 评论 2. judge with disapproval；point out the faults of 批评；指责 criticism n. unfavorable judgment or expression of disapproval 批评；指责 curriculum n. the program of study offered in a school, college, etc. 课程，大纲
37、 factor n. any of the facts, conditions, influences, etc. that act with others to bring about a result 因素，要素 outstanding a. 1. better than others, very good 杰出的；优秀的 2. easily seen, important 显要的；重要的 *heritage n. a tradition, custom, or quality which is passed down over many years within a fam
38、ily, social group, or nation and which is thought of as belonging to all its members 继承物，遗产；传统 philosophy n. 哲学 sage n. sb., esp. an old man or historical person, known for his wisdom and long experience 圣贤；哲人 primary a. 1. chief, main 主要的 2. earliest in time or order of development 最初的 ingr
39、edient n. 1. one of the essential parts of a situation 因素；要素 2. 成分 central a. 1. chief, main, of greatest importance 主要的，最重要的 2. being (at, in, or near) the center （位居）中心的 *orientation n. a direction or position 取向；方位；定位 *repay vt. reward；pay back 偿还；回报 obligation n. sth. that one must do
40、 out of a duty or promise 义务；责任 guilt n. 1. the feelings produced by knowledge or belief that one has done wrong 内疚 2. the fact of having broken a moral rule or official law 罪（行） bond n. 1. sth. that unites two or more people, or groups, such as a shared feeling or interest 联结；联系 2. 公债，债券 3.
41、合约 crawl vi. & n. 爬（行） horrify vt. shock greatly；fill with horror 吓；使感惊骇 unhealthy a. 1. likely to cause illness or poor health 有碍健康的 2. not very strong or well, often ill 体弱多病的，不结实的，不健康的 *naivea. 1. too willing to believe or trust 轻信的 2. without experience (as of social rules or behaviour)
42、 esp. because one is young 幼稚的；天真的 *transplant vt. move sth. from one place and plant, settle or establish elsewhere 移植；移居 recommendation n. 1. suggestion, piece of advice 建议 2. 推荐信 vacation n. (esp. AmE) holiday 假期；休假 vastly ad. 1. very greatly 非常大地 2. 广阔地 vast a. 1. very large and wid
43、e 广阔的；广大的 2. great in amount 大量的 positive a. 1. (of people) sure, having no doubt about sth. 无疑问的；确定的 2. certain, beyond any doubt 肯定的 3. (of a statement) direct 正面的 span n. 1. the length of time over which a stated thing continues or works well 持续时间 2. 跨度；跨距 attention span a length of tim
44、e over which one can concentrate 注意力的持续时间 Phrases and Expressions make it (to) (a place) succeed in getting (to) (a place) 成功抵达某地 owe to have (sth. good) because of 把…归功于… imbue with (use. pass.) fill (sb), with (sth.), esp. a strong feeling or opinion [常被动] 向…灌输… by contrast very different
45、ly (from sth. previously mentioned)；on the other hand 对比之下 get ahead be successful in one's career 获得成功；出头 have what it takes (infml.) have the qualifications necessary for success 具备取得成功的必要条件 spring from be a product or result of；originate from 发源于；来自 can't wait (for sth.) be excited about
46、and eager (for sth.) 迫不及待，等不及 第三单元 joint a. shared, held or done by two or more people 共享的；共有的；共同做的 joint venture n. 合资企业 conflict n. 1. a state of serious disagreement or argument about sth. important 抵触；争论 2. war or battle; struggle 战争；战斗；冲突 vi. (with) 冲突；抵触 *multitude n. a large number
47、 of 大批；大量 *escalate v. make or become greater or more serious （使）逐步升级；（使）逐步加剧 emotional a. 1. having or causing strong feelings （令人）情绪激动的 2. concerned with emotions and feelings 感情（上）的；情绪（上）的 party n. a person or group of people involved in an argument, agreement, or other activity, esp. a le
48、gal matter （条约、诉讼、争论等中的）一方，当事人 exclaim v. speak or say loudly and suddenly, because of surprise or other strong feelings （由于惊讶、痛苦、愤怒、高兴等而）叫嚷，叫喊 installation n. 1. 安装；设置 2. 装置；设备 management n. 1. the people who control and organize a business or other organization 管理层；管理部门 2. 管理；经营 equipment
49、 n. the set of things needed for a particular activity 设备；装备 qualified a. having suitable knowledge or qualifications, esp. for a job 胜任的；合格的 qualify v. (cause to) gain a certain level of knowledge, ability, or performance, or a qualification（使）取得资格 contract n. a formal written agreement, hav
50、ing the force of law, between two or more people or groups 合同，契约 v. l. 订（约）；承包 2. 收缩，缩小 distrust v. lack trust in; mistrust 不信任；怀疑 n. lack of trust; mistrust 不信任；怀疑 represent vt. 1. act or speak officially for (another person or group of people) 代表 2. 象征；体现 naturally ad. 1. in a manner to
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客服电话：0574-28810668 投诉电话：18658249818
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