高一必修二英语第一单元单词讲解.doc

高一必修二英语第一单元单词讲解
1. add up 合计；把……加起来
add sth.to sth.　把……加到/进……里
add up to 加起来共计/达(不用于被动语态)
add to 增加；增添(多用于抽象意义)
add that ... 补充说……
Her colleagues' laughter only added to her embarrassment.
同事们的嘲笑使她更加窘迫。
She's added a Picasso to her collection. 她的收藏品中增加了一幅毕加索的画。
All the numbers add up to exactly 900. 所有的数字加起来是900。
2)addition n. 加；(数)加法；增加
in addition 另外；此外(还有)
in addition to 除……之外
In addition，the information about each word in a pocket dictionary is generally limited.
另外，袖珍词典关于每个词的信息通常是受限的
2.upset adj.心烦意乱的
adj.心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的
vt.使不安；使心烦；打翻
be upset about/over/at sth. 为某事心烦
upset oneself about sth. 某人为某事而烦恼
It upsets sb that…/to do sth… 让某人心烦的是……/做某事让某人心烦……
upset a plan/an arrangement 打乱计划/安排
be upset by… 被…… 打乱
Our arrangements for the weekend were upset by her visit. 她一来把我们周末的安排给打乱了。
They felt too upset to talk about that thing.
他们太烦恼了，不愿意谈那件事。
He was upset at/about not being invited to the party.
没邀请他去聚会，他很不高兴。
I didn’t mean to upset you.
我没打算惹你心烦。
3.ignore vt.不理睬；忽视
n. ignorance 无知, 愚昧, 不学无术
adj. ignorant 无知识的, 不知道的, 愚昧的, 幼稚的
be ignorant of 对……无知, 不知道
Alice saw Jack coming，but ignored him.
艾丽丝看见杰克走来，但故意不理他
4.calm vt.& vi.镇定
t.& vi.（使）平静；（使）镇定
adj.平静的；镇静的；沉着的
calm(…)down(使)平静下来, 镇定下来
After the storm, the air calmed.
暴风雨之后，空气变得安静了。
The teacher tried to calm the girl down, but she just kept crying. 老师想使女孩平静下来，但女孩依旧哭个不停。
The crying child soon calmed down.
哭闹的小孩不一会就安静了下来。
5.concern vt.(使)担忧；
concern vt.(使)担忧；涉及；关系到
n．担心；关注；(利害)关系 [C]关心的人或事
as / so far as … be concerned 关于；至于；就……而言
be concerned about/over/for 关心；挂念
be concerned with / in 与……有关；涉及 牵涉到
have/express concern for/about… 对……表示关心/担心
concerning为介词，意为“关于(relating to)”。
All the people concerned with the case will be questioned by the police.
所有参与这个案件的人警察都要审问。(concerned前面相当于省略了who are)
I am writing to see if it is possible for you to provide me with information concerning the interview.
我写信是想知道你是否可能提供给我有关面试的信息。
More than one person has been concerned with this matter.
不止一个人牵扯到这件事情中。
The boy's poor health concerned his parents. 那男孩健康状况不佳,使他的父母亲忧虑。

6.loose adj. 松开的
adj.自由的, 无束缚的，松开的
get/be loose 未拴住的, 松开的
a loose button 快掉的扣子
the loose soil 疏松的土壤
a loose sweater 宽松的套衫
7.cheat v. 作弊
v. 欺骗; 骗取; 作弊 n. 骗子
cheat sb. (out) of sth. 骗取某人的某物
cheat sb. into doing … 骗某人做……
He always cheats at cards but he seldom wins.
他打牌总作弊, 但很少赢。
He was caught cheating in the exam.他考试作弊时被当场抓获。（be caught in doing sth 正在干什么的时候被抓住）
8. go through遭受，经受，经历
经历，经受(尤指苦难或艰难时期)；
(计划、法律、合同等正式)被批准，通过；
仔细检查；
顺利完成；
(交易)成交;
Her application went through and she was employed.
她的求职申请得到了批准，她被雇用了。
We spent days going through all related reference material.
我们花了好多天功夫查阅所有有关的参考资料。
With great concentration she went through the movements.
她聚精会神地做完这些动作。
9. face to face adv. 面对面地
hand in hand手拉手；联合
arm in arm臂挽臂
side by side肩并肩，并排
heart to heart坦诚地
back to back背对背
shoulder to shoulder肩并肩，齐心协力地
10. settle使(心情)平静下来 安放；安顿；安排；定居；
He settled his child in a corner of the compartment.
他把孩子安顿在车厢的一个角落里。
After the excitement，I tried to settle myself.
激动过后，我设法使自己平静下来。
The problem has been settled.
这个问题已经解决了。
She cannot settle to work.
她不能静下心来工作。
[归纳拓展]
settle down定居下来；安下心来；安稳地坐下来
settle in 在…定居
settlement n．殖民；定居；解决
settler n．移民；拓荒者；殖民者
He settled down in his hometown.
他在故乡安顿下来
The family has settled in Canada.
这家人已定居加拿大。
11. .get along/on with 与……相处；进展
get across　　　　　　讲清楚，(使)被领会
get down to 认真做，开始着手做(to是介词)
get over 克服，摆脱
get rid of 消灭，摆脱，除掉
get through (电话)接通；用完；通过
get away with做(坏事)而不受惩罚；偷携某物潜逃
get away from摆脱，逃避……
We were held up for materials at first, but now we are getting along quite nicely.
我们起初因为材料问题停了工，但是现在进行得十分顺利。(进展；进行)
They haven't a great income, but they manage to get along.
虽然他们没有很多收入，但是他们能生活下去。(继续生活；活下去)
[温馨提示] get along 后可用well, nicely, badly 等作修饰语，表示“同某人相处得(不)好，某事进展得(不)顺利”；get along意为“进展；前进；对付过去”。 get along/on well/ nicely/ badly with 与……相处得好/不好，……进展顺利/不顺利
12. fall in love with 爱谈恋爱
fall in love爱上某人，动态,不能与表示时间段的状语连用
be in love爱着某人，状态，可以和表示时间段的状语连用。
13. grateful adj.感激的，感谢的； 令人愉快的；
be greatful that 感激……
be greatful to sb for sth 因为某事感激某人
be greatful for sth为…而感谢
Instead of complaining about what's wrong, be grateful for what's right.
别抱怨不好的事，要对好的事心存感恩。
We are grateful to you for permission to copy this article.
非常感谢您允许我们复印这篇文章。
He was grateful for a chance to relax and collect his thoughts.
他很庆幸有机会放松放松，整理一下自己的思绪。
14. disagree vi. 不一致, 不符; 不同意；不适宜
disagree with与......意见不同；对......不一致
sth disagree with sb(气候、食物)不适合某人
His conduct disagrees with his words. 他言行不一。
Hot climate disagrees with me. 热天对我不合适。
Few people would disagree that something should be done to reduce the level of crime in the area.
很少有人会不同意应采取行动减少该地区的犯罪
I disagree with you about this.
对于这件事我跟你意见不同

拓展
disagree用法同agree
agree vi. 同意；应允
agree with+sb/one’s opinion/view/decision/idea/
words /what sb said) 同意；与…...一致；适合
agreed to one’s plan/suggestion /arrangement同意某人的计划/建议/安排
agree on/upon对......取得一致意见；达成协议
agreement n. 同意，一致；协定，协议
disagreement n. 意见不和；争执
We agreed to start our trip at dawn.
我们同意黎明时启程。
I agree that your plan is better. 我同意你的计划更好。
Your story agrees with what I’ve already heard.
你的故事与我听说的一致。
The climate doesn’t agree with me. 这气候不适合我。
We all agree on the picnic plan.
我们就野餐计划达成了一致意见。
They have made/reached an agreement about the plan.
他们在这个计划上意见一致了。
15. join in加入，参加
join in加入，参加，其宾语一般是竞赛、娱乐、游戏等活动，也可不加宾语。
join （sb）in doing sth 加入某人，和某人一起干什么
May I join in your discussion?
我可以参加你们的讨论吗？
They are going to join in the singing match.
他们将参加歌唱比赛。
Will you join me in buying a present for her?
和我一起去给她买个礼物好吗？
join in
其宾语一般是竞赛、娱乐、游戏等活动，也可不加宾语
join
通常指参加某组织或团体，并成为其中的一员，其宾语往往是人群或the army, the Party, the team, the club等。
take part in
指参加会议或群体性活动等，重在说明参加该项活动并在其中发挥一定的作用，in后要加宾语。不加宾语时用take part。
attend
“出席”, 为正式用语，指参加会议、仪式、婚礼、葬礼、典礼及上课、上学、听报告等。
I joined the Party in 1975. 我1975年入党。
Will you join me in a walk? 你愿和我一起散步吗？
A lot of students took part in the thorough cleaning yesterday. 昨天许多学生参加大扫除。
He said that he would not be able to attend the presentation of prizes. 他说过自己将无法出席授奖仪式。
They are going to join in the singing match.
他们将参加唱歌比赛。

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