新概念第一册89课知识点.doc

89课知识点
一． 单词讲解
1.believe 相信，认为
1).believe+that从句（宾语从句）
eg.He believes that nothing is impossible.
2).believe in sth相信某物的存在
eg.Do you believe in ghosts?
3)believe in sb相信某人，相信某人的存在
eg.Do you believe in God?
4)believe it or not 信不信你(常用语口语)
5）make believe 假装，装作
2.may 情态动词（用于请求许可）可以
eg.May I sit down?
May I use you phone？
问句的回答通常用Certainly\Yes ,please\Why not ?\Sure表示同意，许可。不同意则用No I’m sorry\I’m afraid you not等3.how long 多少
1） 多长（时间的长短）
----How long has he worked here?
2） 物体的长度
3） How long is this desk ?
4） 与how 相关的特殊疑问词
How often 多久，经常（问频度）
eg.----How often do you go swimming?
----I go swimming three times a week .
How soon 多久
eg.How soon will you come back?
4.why 为什么(其问句是由because引导的原因状语从句)
5.because 因为（连词，引导原因状语从句）
because of 因为（其后跟名词，代词等作宾语,不接从句）
6.sell卖，出售
sell sth to sb=sell sb sth
He sold his house to a banker =
7.比较cost 和spend
cost 1.v花费（金额，费用）其主语经常为物
eg.This jacket costs 200 dollars.
cost sb+n
1） 花了某人多少钱
This pen costs me 2 yuan.
2） 使某人付出（时间，劳力，生命等）
Careless driving will cost you your life .
2.n.代价，价格，费用，经费
The cost of this desk is $55.
the cost of living 生活费用
spend 花费，其主语通常为人
spend money on…..在…..花钱
I spent $20 on this book
spend time in doing …..在…花时间
He spends most of his time in traveling
8.比较worth worthy worthwhile
1)worth 值….多少钱
be worth +n(当名次为金钱时，表示…值….)
be worth doing sth 值得做某事
eg.Her suggestion is worth considering.
2)worthy adj 值得…的
be worthy of +n./doing….值得…
The question is worthy of being discussed
be worthy to do 值得做….
The method is worthy to be tried
3)worthwhile adj.值得花费时间，金钱的
a worthwhile task值得做的工作
二． 重点语法
1.For和since 在现在完成时中的运用
1） for表示经历（一段时间），而since表示自从….以来，常见结构为：for+一段时间
since+一段时间+ago/since+一个时间点/since+从句
eg.He has lived here for 20 years.
He has lived here since 1982.
He has lived here since 20 years ago.
2)除了for, since以外，常和现在完成时的连用的副词还有already，ever，never，just，yet，in the past few years，over the last thirty years，so far up to now ,since 1980等.
eg.Most colleague students have learned English for more than 6 years许多大学生已经学英语六年多了
Great changes have taken place in China in the past few years.在过去几年中，中国发生了巨大的变化.
I have never been abroad up to now .到现在为止我还没有出过国
3)在现在完成时中，already和yet的区别：
already常用于肯定句中或句末，yet常用于一般疑问句或否定句末，但表示惊讶时，也可以用于疑问句。
eg Tom has already finished his homework.
Tom didn’t finished his homework yet ?
What！Have you already finished it?
2.宾语从句一般是由名词或代词充当的，宾语一般在动词或介词的后面。
eg.I want an apple.( 作 的宾语)。
I like you.( 作 的宾语)

in front of the window( 作 的宾语) .
some of them（ 作 的宾语）
用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句，即充当宾语成份的不是一个单词或词组，而是一个句子。
主语从句：一个句子充当主语
定语从句：一个句子作定语
状语从句：充当状语成份的是一个句子
表语从句：充当表语成份的是一个句子
宾语从句一般跟在两类词之后
第一类：表示人的情感或心理活动的形容词
afraid /sure/sorry/glad
这样句子的结构是：主语+此宾语+宾语从句
eg I’m afraid that I can’t help you at moment.
They are sure that they will win the match.
He is sorry that he didn’t go yesterday.
第二类:普通动词
think/know/believe/say/hope/understand
这样的句子结构是：主语+这类动词+宾语从句
eg I think that you will pass the exam .
I believe I can fly.
引导宾语从句的关联词有从属连词，疑问代词，疑问副词，缩合连接代词，缩合连接副词等。
eg I am afraid that you can’t see him today(关联词是从属连词that)。
在非正式文体中，关联词that常被省去
eg I hope you can come tomorrow(that被省略)。
I don’t know what he if you can help me .(从属连词if)
I wonder what he is writing to me about.(疑问代词what)
三．本课小结
….is for sale 待售
have a look (at….) 看一看…..
in the country 在乡下
how much does …cost? 花费….钱，卖….钱
be worth 值得
I can’t decide 我不能决定
have the last word 最后拍板

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