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1、2011上海高考英语中易混淆的词汇 1. clothes, cloth, clothing clothes 统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数； cloth 指布，为不可数名词； clothing 服装的总称，指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of 2. incident, accident incident 指小事件； accident 指不幸的事故，例：He was killed in the accident. 3. amount, number amount 后接不可数名词
2、 number 后接可数名词，例：a number of students 4. family, house, home home 家，包括住处和家人； house 房子，住宅； family 家庭成员，例：My family is a happy one. 5. sound, voice, noise sound 自然界各种各样的声音； voice 人的嗓音； noise 噪音，例：I hate the loud noise outside. 6. photo, picture, drawi
3、ng photo 用照相机拍摄的照片； picture 可指相片，图片，电影片， 例：Let's go and see a good picture. drawing 画的画。 7. vocabulary, word vocabulary 词汇，一个人拥有的单词量，例：He has a large vocabulary. word 具体的单词。 8. population, people population 人口，人数，例：China has a large population. people 具体的
4、人。 9. weather, climate weather 一天内具体的天气状况； climate 长期的气候状况，例：The climate here is not good for you. 10. road, street, path, way road 具体的公路，马路，例：take this road street 街道，例：in the street path 小路，小径； way 道路，途径，例：Show me the way to the museum. 11. course, subjec
5、t course 课程（可包括多门科目），例：a summer course subject 科目（具体的学科） 12. custom, habit custom 传统风俗，习俗，也可指生活习惯，后接to do； habit 生活习惯，习惯成自然，后接of doing. 例：I've got the habit of drinking a lot. 13. cause, reason cause 指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因，后接of sth./doing sth； reason 用来解释某种现象或结果的理由，后
6、接for sth./doing sth. 例：the reason for being late 14. exercise, exercises, practice exercise 运动，锻炼（不可数）； exercises 练习（可数）； practice（反复做的）练习，例：Practice makes perfect. 15. class, lesson 作“课”解时，两者可以替换。 指课文用lesson，例：Lesson 6，第6课； 指班级或全体学生用class，例：Class 5，5班。 16.
7、 speech, talk, lecture speech 指在公共场所所做的经过准备的较正式的演说； talk 日常生活中的一般的谈话，讲话； lecture 学术性的演讲，讲课，例：a series of lecture on… 17. officer, official officer 部队的军官，例：an army officer official 政府官员。 18. work, job 二者均指工作。 work 不可数；job 可数，例：a good job 19. couple, p
8、air couple 主要指人或动物； pair 多指由两部分组成的东西，例：a pair of trousers 20. country, nation, state, land country 侧重指版图，疆域； nation 指人民，国民，民族； state 侧重指政府，政体； land 国土，国家，例：The whole nation was sad at the news. 21. cook, cooker cook 厨师，例：He is a good cook. cooker 厨具。
9、 22. damage, damages damage 不可数名词，损害，损失； damages 复数形式，赔偿金，例：$900 damages 23. police, policeman police 警察的总称，后接复数谓语动词，例：The police are questioning everyone in the house. policeman 指某个具体的警察。 24. problem, question problem 常和困难连系，前面的动词常为think about, solve, raise；
10、 question 常和疑问连系，多和ask, answer连用。 25. man, a man man 人类； a man 一个男人，例：Man will conquer nature. 26. chick, chicken 二者均可指小鸡，chicken还可以当鸡肉；例：The chicken is delicious. 27. telegram, telegraph 当电报解时，telegram指具体的；例：a telegram telegraph指抽象的；例：by telegraph 28
11、 trip, journey, travel, voyage travel 是最常用的； trip 指短期的旅途；例：a three-day trip journey 指稍长的旅途； voyage 指海上航行。 29. sport, game sport 多指户外的游戏或娱乐活动，如打球，游泳，打猎，赛马等；例：His favorite sport is swimming. game 指决定胜负的游戏，通常有一套规则。 30. price, prize price 价格；例：The price is h
12、igh/low. prize 奖，奖品，奖金；例：win the first prize 31. a number of, the number of a number of 许多，谓语动词用复数； the number of… ……的数目，谓语动词用单数。例：The number of students is increasing. 32. in front of, in the front of in front of 范围外的前面； in the front of 范围内的前面 例：In the front of th
13、e room sits a boy. 33. of the day, of a day of the day 每一天的，当时的，当代的，例：a famous scientist of the day； of a day 暂时的，不长久的。 34. three of us, the three of us three of us 我们（不止三个）中的三个； the three of us 我们三个（就三个人）例：The three of us - Tom, Jack and I went to the cinema. 35. by
14、 bus, on the bus by bus 表手段，方式，不用冠词，例：They went there by bus. on the bus 表范围。 36. for a moment, for the moment for a moment 片刻，一会儿，例：Thinking for a moment, he agreed. for the moment 暂时，一时。 37. next year, the next year next year 将来时间状语； the next year 过去将来时间状语，例：H
15、e said he would go abroad the next year. 38. more than a year, more than one year more than a year 一年多； more than one year 超过一年（两年或三年等）。 39. take advice, take the(one's) advice take advice 征求意见； take the advice 接受忠告 例：He refused to take the advice and failed again.
16、 40. take air, take the air take air 传播，走漏； take the air 到户外去，散步 例：We take the air every day. 41. in a word, in words in a word 总之，一句话，例：In a word, you are right. in words 口头上。 42. in place of, in the place of in place of 代替； in the place of 在…地方，例：A new build
17、ing is built in the place of the old one. 43. in secret, in the secret in secret 秘密地，暗自地，偷偷地，一般用作状语； in the secret 知道内情，知道秘密，一般用作表语，例：My mother was in the secret from the beginning. 44. a girl, one girl a girl 可泛指所有女孩； one girl 一个女孩，例：Can one girl carry such a big box?
18、 45. take a chair, take the chair take a chair 相当于sit down坐下； take the chair 开始开会。 46. go to sea, by sea go to sea 当海员，出航； by sea 乘船，由海路；by the sea 在海边。 47. the doctor and teacher, the doctor and the teacher the doctor and teacher 指一个人，既是医生又是老师； the doctor
19、 and the teacher 两个人，一个医生和一个老师。 48. in office, in the office in office 在职的，例：He is in office, not out of office. in the office 在办公室里。 49. in bed, on the bed in bed 卧在床上，例：He is ill in bed. on the bed 在床上，例：The book is on the bed. 50. in charge of, in the charge of
20、 in charge of 管理，负责照料，例：He is in charge of the matter. in the charge of 由……照料，例：The matter is in the charge of her. 2011上海高考英语中易混淆的词汇(2) 51. in class, in the class in class 在课上； in the class 在班级里，例：He is the best student in the class. 52. on fire, on the fire on fi
21、re 着火，例：The house is on fire. on the fire 在火上，例：Put the food on the fire. 53. out of question, out of the question out of question 毫无疑问的； out of the question 不可能的。 54. a second, the second a second 又一，再一； the second 第……，例：He won the second prize. 55. by day, b
22、y the day by day 白天； by the day 按天计算，例：The workers are paid by the day. 56. the people, a people the people 指人； a people 指民族，例：The Chinese is a peace-loving people. 57. it, one it 同一物体； one 同类不同一，例：I lost my pen. I have to buy a new one. 58. that, this
23、 that 指代上文所提到的；例：I was ill. That's why… this 导出下文所要说的。 59. none, nothing, no one none 强调有多少； nothing, no one 强调有没有；nothing 指物，no one 指人。 60. anyone, any one anyone 指人，不能接of； any one 指人物均可，可接of 例：any one of you 61. who, what who 指姓名或关系； what 指职业或地位，
24、例：What is your dad? He is a teacher. 62. what, which what 的选择基础是无限制的； which 在一定范围内进行选择，例：Which do you prefer, bananas or apples? 63. other, another other 后接名词复数，例：other students another 后接名词单数，例：another student 64. not a little, not a bit not a little 非常；
25、 not a bit 一点也不，例：I'm not a bit tired. 我一点儿也不累。 65. many, much, a lot of many 和可数名词连用，例：I haven't many books. much 和不可数名词连用； a lot of 可数，不可数均可，但不用于否定句。 66. much more…than, many more…than much more…than 后接形容词或不可数名词，例：much more water, much more beautiful many more…than
26、 后接可数名词，例：many more people 67. no, not no=not a/any 例：no friend=not a/any friend; no water=not any water 68. no more than, not more than no more than 相当于only，仅仅，只有； not more than 至多，不超过。 69. majority, most majority 只能修饰可数名词，例：the majority of people most 可
27、数不可数均可。 70. by oneself, for oneself, to oneself, of oneself by oneself 单独的，独自的； for oneself 为自己； to oneself 供自己用的； of oneself 自行的，自动的，例：The door opened of itself. 71. at all, after all at all 根本，全然； after all 到底，毕竟，例：After all he is a child. 72. tall, hig
28、h tall 常指人或动物，例：He is tall. high 常指物体。 73. fast, quickly fast 侧重于指人或物体具有运动速度快的特点，例：run fast quickly 侧重指某事完成或发生的快，例：answer the question quickly 74. high, highly high 具体的高； highly 抽象的高，高度的，例：think highly of 75. healthy, healthful healthy 健康的，健壮的；
29、healthful 有益于健康的，例：healthful exercise 76. sleeping, asleep,sleepy sleeping 正在睡觉，例：a sleeping baby asleep 睡着，熟睡，只能做表语，例：The baby is asleep. sleepy 困的，有睡意的，例：I'm sleepy. 77. gold, golden gold 指真金制品，例：a gold ring golden 指金色的，但金鱼用gold fish 78. most, mostly mo
30、st 用于表感受的肯定句中，相当于very，当大部分，大多数解时是形容词或名词，例：most people mostly 大部分，是副词，例：the people are mostly… 79. just, very just 表强调时是副词，作状语，例：just the man very 表强调时是形容词，用作定语，例：the very man 80. wide, broad wide 侧重于一边到另一边的距离； broad 侧重于幅面的宽广，例：broad shoulders 81. real, true
31、 real 真的，真实的，指的是事实上存在而不是想象的，例：real gold true 真的，真正的，指的是事实和实际情况相符合，例：a true story 82. respectful, respectable respectful 尊敬，有礼貌，例：be respectful to the aged respectable 可敬的，值得尊敬的。 83. outwards, outward 二者均可用作副词，表示向外，外面； outward 还可用作形容词，例：an outward voyage 84.
32、pleasant, pleased, pleasing pleasant 常用作定语； pleased, pleasing 常用作表语； pleased 主语常为人，pleasing 主语常为物，例：a pleasant trip; The trip is pleasing. 85. understanding, understandable understanding 明白事理的，能体谅的，例：an understanding girl understandable 可理解的，能够懂的，例：an understandable mis
33、take 86. close, closely close 接近，靠近，例：stand close closely 紧紧地，紧密地，例：closely connected 87. ill, sick ill 做表语； sick 定语、表语均可，例：a sick boy 88. good, well good 形容词； well 副词，但指身体状况是形容词，例：He is well again. 89. quiet, silent, still quiet 安静的，可以发出小的声音；
34、 silent 不发出声音，但可以动； still 完全不动，完全无声响，例：He stand there still. 他站在那儿，一动不动，也不说话。 90. hard, hardly hard 努力，例：work hard hardly 几乎不，例：I can hardly believe it. 91. able, capable able 与不定式to do连用； capable 与of连用，例：He is capable of doing… 92. almost, nearly 二者均为“几
35、乎，差不多”，和否定词连用用almost，例：almost nobody。 93. late, lately late 迟，晚； lately 最近，近来 例：I haven't seen him lately. 94. living, alive, live, lively living, alive, live 均为活着的； living 定表均可，alive 定表均可，定语后置； live 只能做定语，lively 意为活泼的，例：all the living people=all the people alive
36、 95. excited, exciting excited 使人兴奋的，例：I'm excited. exciting 令人兴奋的，例：The news is exciting. 96. deep, deeply deep 具体的深，例：dig deep deeply 抽象的深，深深地，例：deeply moved 97. aloud, loud aloud 出声地，例：read aloud 出声地读 loud 大声地 98. worth, worthy 二者均为值得，worth后接do
37、ing； worthy后接to be done, of being done； 例：It is worth visiting. = It's worthy to be visited. = It's worthy of being visited. 99. bad, badly bad 形容词，例：go bad badly 副词，不好，但与need, want, require连用为“很，非常”，例：I need the book badly. 100. before long, long before before long
38、不久以后； long before 很久以前； 例：not long before = before long 2011上海高考英语中易混淆的词汇(3) 101. quite, rather quite 完全地，相当于completely，例：quite impossible rather 修饰比较级 102. happy, glad happy 高兴，幸福，定表均可，例：a happy girl glad 高兴，只能做表语 103. instead, instead of
39、 instead 是副词，放在句首或句末，例：He didn't see a film. Instead he watched TV. instead of 是介词短语，放在句中，例：He watched TV instead of seeing a film. 104. too much, much too too much 后接不可数名词； much too 后接形容词，例：much too heavy 105. be about to, be going to, be to do be about to 表最近的将来，后面不接时
40、间状语； be going to 侧重打算，想法； be to do 侧重意志，计划，安排 例：I'm to meet him.（含双方事先约好的意思） 106. raise, rise raise 及物动词； rise 不及物动词，例：The sun rises in the east. 107. bring, take, carry, fetch bring 拿来； take 带走； carry 随身携带； fetch 去回这一往返动作，例：fetch a box of chalk 1
41、08. spend, take, pay, cost spend 人做主语，花钱，花时间，spend…on sth./in doing sth; take 物做主语，花时间； pay 人做主语，花钱，pay for； cost 物做主语，花钱。 109. join, join in, take part in join 加入某个组织，并成为其中的一员，例：He joined the army five years ago. join in 参加小型的活动，join sb. in； take part in 参加大型的活
42、动。 110. learn, study learn 学习，侧重学习的结果； study 学习，侧重学习的过程，研究，例：study the problem 111. want, hope, wish want 打算，想要，want to do, want sb. to do； hope 希望（通常可以实现），hope to do/ hope that… wish 希望（通常不能实现），wish (sb.) to do, wish sb/sth. + n.，例：I wish you success. 112. disc
43、over, invent, find out discover 发现本来存在但不为人所知的东西； invent 发明本来不存在的物体； find out 发现，查明，例：At last he found out the truth. 113. answer, reply answer 及物动词； reply 不及物动词，例：to reply to the letter 114. leave, leave for leave 离开； leave for 前往，例：He left Beijing for Shan
44、ghai. 115. rob, steal rob 抢劫，rob sb. of sth.， steal 偷，steal sth. from sb. 116. shoot, shoot at shoot 射死，例：He shot the bird and it died. shoot at 瞄准，但不一定射中。 117. drop, fall drop 及物不及物均可，例：He dropped his voice. fall 不及物动词，例：Prices fell/dropped. 118. sear
45、ch, search for search 后接地点，例：He searched his pocket for money. search for 后接东西 119. used to, be used to used to 过去常常； be used to 习惯于，后接sth./doing sth.；被用来，后接 do sth. 例：He is used to getting up early. 120. win, beat win 后接sth. 反义词为lose，例：win the game beat 后接sb.
46、例：beat them 121. live on, live by live on 以……为主食，例：live on fish live by 靠……谋生，例：live by fishing 122. beat, hit, strike beat 连续性地击打，例：beat the wings hit 打中，对准打； strike 打一下或若干下。 123. meet, meet with meet 遇到； meet with 体验到，遭遇到，例：meet with an accident 124. lose, miss lose 失去（具体的物体），错过，例：sth. is lost, lose the chance； miss 想念，错过，例：sth. is missing, miss the chance 125. be tired of, be tired with/from be tired of 厌烦…… be tired with/from 因为……而累了，例：be tired with/from running 800 meters
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