产品说明书翻译10.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,#,产品说明书的翻译,一,.,商品说明书的概念和功能,商品说明书,又叫,产品说明书,，是生产厂家向消费者,介绍和说明商品的性质、性能、结构、用途、规格、使用方法、保养、注意事项、质量保证、销售范围和免责声明时使用的应用文,。,英文：,Instruction,Manual,Specification,Directions,二,.,商品说明书的结构,商品说明书品种繁多，不同商品的说明书内容及特点也不尽相同。一般来说，商品说明书包括以下几个部分：,标题,正文,标记,商标、型号、货名以及“说明书”或“使用说明书”,介绍产品概况，说明产地、规格、材料或成分；构造、性能、适用范围、技术参数、安装、使用方法、注意事项等。重点是使用及保养维修方法。,厂家名称、地址、电话、邮编、代号或批准文号、照片或图片等,标题,商标、型号、货名以及“说明书”或“使用说明书”,正文,一般包括构造、性能、适用范围、技术参数、安装、使用方法、注意事项等,标记,商标、厂家名称、地址、电话、邮编、代号或批准文号、照片或图片等,三,.,商品说明书的功能：,信息功能,，即向读者说明产品的功能、有效期等基本信息的功能。,美感功能,，读者从译文的描述中得到美的感受，翻译时注意传达原文中的美感。,呼唤功能,，即吸引消费者采取购买行动 的功能。,三,.产品说明书的文体特征,(,一,),词汇特征,1,、相对固定性和专业性,一方面,这种特殊文体因其狭窄的语域而使用了,相对稳定、有限的词汇；,另一方面,由于这种文体的描述对象,(,包括产品和服务,),覆盖面甚广,涉及各种行业和领域,因此常会遇到一些某个技术领域中特有的,“,土话,”,、,“,行话,”,或是,“,俚语,”,。,由于产品说明书的技术性很强,遇到生词时,我们一定,要理,解其产品技术背景下的含义,切勿望词生意,。,例如,我们在翻译玻璃生产设备的说明书时,遇到一些专,用的词语,如,“,拉边机,”,就是其中一个。对于非专业的人来说,这个词语如同天书一般,让人摸不着头脑。有些人就干脆直,译或死译成,“,edge-pushing machine(,拉扯玻璃边角的机,器,),”,。实际上,“,拉边机,”,是技术人员和工人师傅按照设备的,用途来命名的,也即一种固定牵引玻璃边角的机器,用以控制,玻璃带的宽度和厚度。英美人在命名设备时,往往更加直观,地认识事物,经常直接用眼睛看到的形状来说明。在现场,我,们看到,“,拉边机,”,其实是一套相当复杂的机器,自动化程度很高,集成有先进的机电一体化技术。但是,该设备的主要部件是,一根类似于大炮炮筒、可旋转的内部滚轴,玻璃的形状就是,通过这个滚轴在高温锡槽中压制而成。所以,在英语中与,“,拉,边机,”,对应的词是,“,top roller,”,。,2过程的名物化,产品说明书语言简洁、意思高度浓缩的特点也反映在过程的名物化上。,名物化是指将过程,(,特别是物质过程,),名词化,小句子转化为名词词组。,句子经常浓缩为名词,(,或词组,),而其他成分则成为其修饰成分。例如,:,只要,插入时遇到任何阻力,则应当使用较小尺寸的导引套,以便,无须过度用力即可插入,。,(,某导管插入装置,),Any resistance to introduction,should result in advancement of an introducer sheath small enough to be introduced without undue force.,3.,句法特征,1,、,(,情态动词,)be+,形容词,(,过去分词,)+,目的状语,句子的主语往往是产品名称。这样安排主要是为了,突出产品具有的特性,(,功能或注意事项等,),以引起读者,的注意。,例：本装置仅限由接受过导管插入诊断及治疗培训,的医生使用。,(,某导管插入装置,),The device,should be used only,by physicians,trained in diagnostic and therapeutic catheter,procedures.,2,、现在分词,(,介词,)+,名词,(,非谓语动词增多,),这种非谓语动词,(non-finite verb form),结,构往往用于,解说维护或操作程序,常常伴有图解,例,1,：使用本产品时须定期注意遵守消毒规定。,(,伟博公司,),Observe sterile technique at regular,intervals,when using,this product.,例,2,：处理装置时须特别小心，防止意外破损。（神州数码,MP3),Exercise care,during device handling,to,reduce the possibility of accidental device,breakage.,3,、祈使句,祈使句常常用来表示强调、命令、警告,不,同于广告中劝说的功能,.,例,1,：早晚刷牙后含漱,2-5,分钟。,(,口泰含漱液,),Gargle,with the product 2-5 minutes,after brushing in the morning and evening.,例,2,：请勿重复消毒。（,“,鸽,”,牌注射器）,DO NOT RESTERILIZE,.,4,、省略句,产品说明书中省略句十分普遍。这跟简洁,明了的文体特征息息相关,例,1,：禁忌症,:,尚未发现。,(,海王制药,),Contraindications:None known.,例,2,：保持密封放于干爽处。（奥登食品）,Keep it sealed and put in cool place.,5,、被动语态,由于产品说明书的说明对象是各种产品,读者对象是,注重事物的发生和存在,而通常并不注重是谁使其发生,或存在。,例：产品可根据用户需要采用柜式、立架式、卧式、地,面摆放及与其它电源柜内置式使用等各种形式。,(,光宇,电池,),The,products can be installed,in several,types such as cabinet,vertical racks,horizontal racks,ground placement and,installed with other kinds of power supplycabinet according to user,s requirements.,6.,陈述句,：,简单的肯定陈述句应用十分普遍，特别是在,介绍产品的特性、功能、效用时。,例：,GFMD,系列采用极柱端子一体化结,构，将电池内阻降低了,20%,左右。,GFMD series adopt the integrated,poles and terminals that reduce the,battery,s internal resistance by about,20%.,(,二,),语篇特征,由于英语和汉语分属不同语系,:,英语属印欧,语系,汉语属汉藏语系,英语结构紧凑,汉语结构,松散,语言学家以,“,竹节句法,”,来比喻英语句子,即英语句子是由不可缺的各种连接词衔接而成,宛如节节相连的竹子,;,而汉语句子则被比喻为,“,流水句法,”,所谓的流水是指少用乃至不用连接,词,但仍行文流畅。所以说,英语,重形合,(Hypotaxis),汉语,重意合,(Parataxis),。,例：本品为糖衣片,除去糖衣后,显棕褐色,;,味甘,微苦。,(,青春宝抗衰老片,),The tablets have sugar coatings.When the coatings are removed,they appear brown with light sweet and bitter taste汉语描述药品的形状和特征时,全句共用了三个逗号和一个分号,后面短语均省略了主语,而且语言特别简洁,因而整个句子给人一种,“,支离破碎,”,的感觉,;,翻译成英语时,情况正好相反,总共使用了两个完整的句子,其中第二个还用了复合句,因此,句子结构和逻辑均十分清晰。尽管如此,汉语和英语均不影响读者的阅读效果。从翻译的技巧来看,此例综合运用了各种翻译技巧,包括断句译法、增词译法、转态译法、转性译法等。,(,三,),修辞特征,产品说明书是一种为产品使用者提供信息的应用文体。其主要功能是,传播知识和指导消费,有助于消费者更好了解产品的特点,熟悉产品的性能,掌握产品的使用方法,进行合理的消费,避免因选择或使用不当造成不必要的损失。,产品说明书在介绍产品的同时,也宣传了企业,因此,它也往往兼有广告宣传的性质。从这种意义上说,产品说明书是在推销产品,扩大品牌知名度。,例：佳丽空气清新喷雾,:,能有效清新家居空气,令您置身于清新淡雅的百合花香中,犹如轻触大自然。,(,上海庄臣公司,),Glade Lily Air Fresher:Freshen the air in your home with light elegant freshness of Lily,providing a simple touch of nature.,五、产品说明书翻译原则,(,一,),重点突出解释说明,如,以下是有关SVA,上广电,DVD,影碟机特点的说明,:,高清晰度,:,采用,MPEG2,编码格式,使水平清晰度达到,500,线以上。,时间搜索,:,可快速寻找到碟片上某一点的内容,尤其适合武打故事片的欣赏。,内容显示,:,采用彩色荧光显示及电视屏中英文显示,碟片信息一目了然。,High definition:this unit adopts MPEG2 coding format and brings the horizontal resolution over 500 lines.,Time search:it can quickly search a specific part on a discespecially agreeable for playing action movies.,Content display:TFT LCD and Chinese/English OSD make disc contents clearer.,(,二,),讲究言简意赅、通俗易懂,请看下面选自威莱,(Valle),家庭影院智能音频功率放大器说明书的内容,:,常见故障及排除方法,:,如果故障是按动开关却没有任何声响,请检查是否已接电源,;,选择了正确的输入,;,音量开到最小,;,音箱已正确接驳,;,主机处于静音状态。,Troubles and troubleshooting:if the unit makes no response when power button is pressed,please check if the power supply is already turned on,the correct input is chosen,the volume is turned to its minimum level,the speakers are correctly connected,and the main unit is set at the,“,mute,”,mode.,(,三,),确保原文的技术性特点,许多产品说明书的技术性很强,涉及专业面广。因此,动笔之前,我们应首先参考有关的专业书籍,一定要弄懂说明书的全部内容。疑难问题更应查证清楚,反复推敲,产品说明书翻译实例,New,Perioe,Children,s Toothpaste contains unique and gentle,Fluoride,protection formula to prevent,cavities,effectively,designed for children with sweet teeth to promote strong and healthy teeth.With Tropical Fruity Flavor,your children would love to have a joyful tooth-brushing every time.,全新贝瑞奥儿童含,氟化物,和特别温和护齿,配方,，有效防止,蛀牙,，并精心呵护，让宝宝的牙齿健康又坚固。新鲜的热带水果味，当然更受到宝宝的喜爱，养成每天刷牙的好习惯,2.Olay Total Effects,moistening,vitamin treatment contains 7,vitamins,and,minerals,(Vitamin B3,Pro Vitamin B5,Vitamin E,Vitamin C,Zinc Oxide,Sodium,and,Magnesium,)to fight against 7 signs of aging,and restore youthful,radiance,.,玉兰油多效修复霜，蕴含七种维他命和矿物质（即维他命,B3,维他命,B5,，维他命,E,维他命,C,氧化锌，钠，镁），可以从七个方面帮助更有效地抵御岁月痕迹，令肌肤自然，焕发青春光彩。,3.,Keebler Snack Crackers,are baked to a secret recipe of specially selected wholesome ingredients.The,light,and,crispy,crackers bring you and all your family that uncommonly good taste and freshness as only Keebler knows how.As an established world leader,we are committed to baking biscuits of the highest quality.Our products are sold in over 90 countries around the world.,奇宝轻怡巧克力架,选用上乘原料，由独特秘方精制而成，如此轻巧松脆，带给您全家奇宝特有的新鲜美味。全球饼干及小食领袖,联合饼干集团专注于烘制最优质的饼干及小食，产品遍及全球,90,多个国家。,PANTENE PRO-V,Treatment Shampoo,Pantene Pro-V gives you,healthy,shiny,hair.Pantene Pro-V Treatment Shampoo now contains even more Pro-Vitamin B5,which deeply,penetrates,your hair from root to tip,making it healthy and shiny.With a built-in,conditioner,Treatment shampoo cleans and conditions in one easy step.,Directions:Wet hair and lather.Rinse thoroughly.For extra moisturazation to prevent split-ends,use regularly Pantene Pro-V Treatment Moisturizer.,潘婷,PRO-V,营养洗发露,使用潘婷,PRO-V,，能令头发健康，加倍亮泽。潘婷,PRO-V,营养洗发露现在含有更多维他命原,B5,，营养能从发根彻底渗透至发尖，补充养分，另头发健康，发出耀眼光泽。洗发露兼含护发素，洗发同时护发。用法：,洗湿头发，以潘婷,PRO-V,营养洗发露轻揉，再以清水冲洗即可。每次洗发后，使用潘婷,PRO-V,营养润发露，能加倍滋润头发，预防头发开叉。,Touareg,Off-road,on-road-a class act,Driving a Touareg means never again having to decide between top on-road technology and extreme off-road qualities.Never again between luxurious saloon car comfort and top-level off-road capability.Never again between the simplest of handling and an exciting driving,Experience.Because choosing the Touareg means opting for unbounded driving enjoyment,no matter which route you take.,Designed for steep slopes of 45 degrees,for rivers with a depth of 58 cm-and for motorways without speed limits.,Hill climb capability:100 percent or 45 degrees,Fording depth:up to 580 mm(with air suspension),Overhang angle:27 degrees,Lateral tilt:up to 35 degrees(static 45 degrees),Those who take a seat in the Touareg for the first time will be surprised,for the tremendously powerful impression of the,Tremendously powerful impression of the exterior is combined with the interior of an upper range saloon,every exciting detail in the Touareg features high-grade materials,the finest workmanship and tasteful elegance.,途 锐,豪华运动型全能车,驾驶途锐，就意味着您无须再徘徊于尖端的路面技术与优越的越野性能之间；也无须再为选择豪华轿车的舒适或上乘的全路况适应能力而左右为难；更无须再为最简洁的操控性和最动人心魄的驾驶体验进行取舍。因为选择了途锐，就意味着选择了,无拘无束的驾驶乐趣，不论您行驶于何种道路。,为翻阅,45,度陡峭斜坡，跨越深达,58,厘米河滩和穿梭于快车道而生。,最大爬坡度：,100%45,度,涉水深度：,580,毫米,纵向通过角：,27,度,安全侧倾角度：,35,度（静止时,45,度）,任何一个首次踏入途锐的人都会惊叹，因为这样极具力量感的车身，竟结合了足以与高级轿车相媲美的内部配置。每一个叹为观止的精巧细节都显现出途锐上乘的材质、完美的工艺和高雅的品味。,这种严格要求在翻译药品说明书时特别明显。比如,:,本品为双膦酸类药物,体外和动物试验表明可强烈抑制羟磷灰石的溶解和破骨细胞的活性,对骨质的吸收具有十分显著的抑制作用。,(,海王药业生产的抗癌药,博宁,),Pamidronate is structurally classified as a bisphosphonate.Both vitro studies and animal studies have shown that it strongly inhibits hydroxyapatite dissolution and the activity of osteoclasts,thus exhibiting notable effect in inhibiting bone resorption.,A.,成分,Ingredients,B.,有效期限,Period of validity,C.,注意事项,Precautions,D.,功能,Functions,E.,规格,Specifications,F.,净含量,Net content,G.,保质期,Shelf life,胖胖瓜子仁,本品选用中国特产天然无壳南瓜子为原料，富含人体所需之营养成分和微量元素，经独特工艺处理，外形晶莹饱满，风味脆香可口。为理想之保健旅游佳品，堪称,“,天下一绝,”,。,配料：天然无壳南瓜子、食盐、天然调味品。,贮藏：低温、干燥,保质期：七个月,生产日期：见封口处,“,Plump,”,Shelled Pumpkin Seeds,“,Plump,”,Shelled Pumpkin Seeds are a distinctive and peerless product of its type.The product,rich in essential nutrients and microelements,is made of the natural shell-less pumpkin seeds uniquely bred in China.The seeds look plump and clear,and taste crisp and delicious.The product boasts an ideal snack for good health and happy travel.,Ingredients:shell-less pumpkin seeds,salt,natural flavoring,Storage:in a cool and dry place,Shelf life:7 months,Production date:see the seal,Keep away from heat,Keep away from moisture,；,Guard against damp,Protect against cold,Keep dry,Keep upright,Keep flat;stow level,Handle with care,Use no hooks,Dont turn over,Dont turn upside down,Not to be stowed below,(,切勿受热,),(,切勿受潮,),(,切勿受冻,),(,保持干燥,),(,切勿倒置,),(,注意平放,),(,小心轻放,),(,勿用手钩,),(,切勿滚转,),(,切勿倾斜,),(,不可重叠,),No dumping,This end up,Porcelain with care,Perishable,Explosive,Fragile,Inflammable,Poisonous,Dangerous,Radial,Oxidizer,(,切勿抛掷,),(,此端向上,),(,当心陶瓷,),(,易腐品,),(,易爆品,),(,易碎品,),(,易燃品,),(,有毒物,),(,危险品,),(,放射品,),(,氧化品,),Lacovo,Lacovo,scientifically prepared with choice ingredients including malt extract,milk,powder cocoa,fresh butter and eggs,is rich in vitamins A,B,D and organic phosphorous.It promotes health and aids convalescence and is especially good for neurasthenia and mental exhaustion.Take regularly,and Lacovo helps build up body resistence against disease.A nourishing beverage for all ages.An excellent gift in all seasons.,For drinking hot:Put two or three teaspoonfuls of Lacovo in a cup,then add hot water and stir until the grains are thoroughly dissolved.Add sugar and milk to taste.,For drinking cold:Put two or three teaspoonfuls of Lacovo in a glass of cool-hot water and stir until the grains are thoroughly dissolved.Then add fresh milk or condensed milk.It makes a delightful and wholesome drink in summer.,乐口福,乐口福系采用麦精、牛乳、可可粉、鲜黄油、鲜鸡蛋等上等原料，以科学的方法精制而成，含有丰富的维生素,A,、,B,、,D,及天然有机磷质，具有提神醒脑、增强体质之功效，特别适用于用脑过度、神经衰弱的患者。常饮本品，可增强机体免疫力。本品适宜四季饮用，是老少皆宜的营养饮料，也是馈赠亲友之佳品。,饮用方法：,热饮：取乐口福两至三茶匙，然后倒入适量开水，搅拌至完全融化为止。加入适量牛奶和糖，味道更佳。,冷饮：取乐口福两至三茶匙，然后倒入适量冷开水，搅拌至完全融化为止。可再加入适量鲜牛奶或炼乳，是夏季消暑保健之佳品。,So much for today!,