经济类英文词汇.doc

关于经济的英语单词

rural economics 农村经济
liberal economy 自由经济
mixed economy 混合经济
political economy 政治经济学
protectionism 保护主义
autarchy 闭关自守
economist 经济学家
socialist economy 社会主义经济
capitalist economy 资本主义经济
collective economy 集体经济
planned economy 计划经济
controlled economy 管制经济
primary sector 初级成分
private sector 私营成分,私营部门
public sector 公共部门,公共成分
economic channels 经济渠道
economic balance 经济平衡
economic fluctuation 经济波动
economic depression 经济衰退
economic stability 经济稳定
economic policy 经济政策
economic recovery 经济复原
understanding 约定
concentration 集中
holding company 控股公司
trust 托拉斯
cartel 卡特尔
rate of growth 增长
economic trend 经济趋势
economic situation 经济形势
infrastructure 基本建设
standard of living 生活标准,生活水平
purchasing power, buying power 购买力
scarcity 短缺
stagnation 停滞,萧条,不景气
underdevelopment 不发达
underdeveloped 不发达的
developing 发展中的
国民生产总值 GNP (Gross National Product)

人均国民生产总值 per capita GNP

产值 output value

鼓励 give incentive to

投入 input

宏观控制 exercise macro-control

优化经济结构 optimize the economic structure

输入活力 bring vigor into

改善经济环境 improve economic environment

整顿经济秩序 rectify economic order

有效地控制通货膨胀 effectively control inflation

非公有成分 non-public sectors

主要成分 dominant sector

实在的 tangible

全体会议 plenary session

解放生产力 liberate/unshackle/release the productive forces

引入歧途 lead one to a blind alley

举措 move

实事求是 seek truth from facts

引进、输入 importation

和平演变 peaceful evolution

试一下 have a go (at sth.)

精华、精粹、实质 quintessence

家庭联产责任承包制 family-contract responsibility system

搞活企业 invigorate enterprises

商品经济 commodity economy

基石 cornerstone

零售 retail

发电量 electric energy production

有色金属 nonferrous metals

人均收入 per capita income

使负担 be saddled with

营业发达的公司 going concerns

被兼并或挤掉 annexed or forced out of business

善于接受的 receptive

增额、增值、增长 increment

发展过快 excessive growth

抽样调查 data from the sample survey

扣除物价上涨部分 price increase are deducted(excluded)

实际增长率 actual growth rate

国际收支 international balance of payments

流通制度 circulation system

总工资 total wages

分配形式 forms of distribution

风险资金 risk funds
管理不善 poor management 一个中心、两个基本点one central task and two basic points

以经济建设为中心，坚持四项基本原则（1）社会主义道路（2）党的领导（3）人民民主专政（4）马列主义

毛泽东思想、坚持改革开放
the central task refers to economic construction and two basic points are the four cardinal

principles - adherence to the socialist road, to Communist Party leadership, to the people's

democratic dictatorship and to Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought - and persisting in

reform and opening.

改革是“社会主义制度的自我完善和自我发展”。
Reform is "the self-perfection and self-development of the socialist system."

我们辨别的标准是看这样做是否有利于发展社会主义的生产力，是否有利于增强社会主义国家的综合国力，

是否有利于提高人民的生活水平。
The criterion for our judgement is whether the move facilitates the development of socialist

productive forces, whether it helps increase the overall national strength of a socialist

country, and whether it brings about better living standards.

社会主义的最终目标是解放生产力，消灭剥削，消除贫富两极分化，最终达到共同富裕。
The main goals of socialism are the liberation and development of productive forces, the

elimination of exploitation and polarization between the rich and the poor and the final

achievement of common prosperity.

要人们警惕右和“左”的影响，特别是“左”的根深蒂固的影响。
to warn people of the influence of both the Right and the "Left" deviations, particularly

of the deep-rooted "Left" influence.

中国要警惕右，但更要防“左”。
China needs to be vigilant against the Right deviation, but primarily, it should guard

against the "Left"deviation.

资本主义和社会主义并不是以计划经济和市场的多少来划分的。
Socialism and capitalism are not distinguished by the proportion of planned and market

economy.

随着改革的深化，国家指令性计划的范围将会缩小，而市场调节的范围将会扩大。
As the reform further develops, the scope for mandatory state plans will be narrowed,

while the scope for market forces will be enlarged.

初步建立社会主义计划商品经济新体制。
to establish at a preliminary level a new system of socialist planned commodity economy.

各尽所能，按劳/需分配。
from each according to his ability, to each according to his work/needs.

经济结构改革。
reform in economic structure

剩余劳动力。
surplus labor

经营机制
operative mechanism

发挥市场的调节作用
to give play to the regulatory role of the market

经济和法律的杠杆
economic and legal leverages

经济计划和市场调节相结合
to combine economic planning with market regulation

计划经济和市场调节相结合的机制
a mechanism that combines planned economy and market regulation

取消国家对农产品的统购统销
to cancel the state's monopoly on the purchase and marketing of agricultural products

改革重点转移到城市
the focus of reform is shifted to the cities

国家的根本任务是，集中力量进行社会主义现代化建设
The basic task of the nation is to concentrate its efforts on socialist modernization.

逐步实现工业、农业、国防和科学技术的现代化，把我国建设成为富强、民主、文明的社会主义国家。

to modernize the country's industry, agriculture, national defence and science and techn

ology step by step to turn China into a strong and prosperous socialist country with a

high level of culture and democracy.

社会主义经济制度的基础是生产资料的社会主义公有制，即全民所有制和劳动群众集体所有制。
The basis of the socialist economic system is socialist public ownership of the means

of production, namely, ownership by the whole people and collective ownership by the

working people.

国有经济，即社会主义全民所有制经济，是国民经济中的主导力量。
The state economy is the sector of socialist economy under ownership by the whole people;

it is the leading force in the national economy.

国家保障国有经济的巩固和发展。
The state ensures the consolidation and growth of the state economy.

农业 farming

林业 forestry

畜牧业 animal husbandry

副业 sideline production

渔业 fishing

第一产业 primary industry

第二产业 secondary industry

第三产业 tertiary industry

生产资料 means of production

生活资料 means of livelihood/subsistence

生产关系 relations of production

生产力 productive forces

公有制 public ownership

私有制 private ownership

全民所有制 ownership by the entire/whole people

社会主义集体所有制 socialist collective ownership

厉行节约，反对浪费 to practice strict economy and combat waste

外资企业 foreign-funded enterprise

合资企业 joint venture

合作企业 cooperative enterprise

独资企业 wholly foreign owned/funded enterprise

亚洲金融危机 financial crisis in Asia

沿海经济开发区 open coastal economic area

养老保险 endowment insurance

养老金 pension
养路费 road toll

以产定人,减员增效 employ workers in accordance with production
needsand increase efficiency while reducing the staff
异地资金汇划 fund remittance between different places

一个中心,两个基本点 one central task, two basic points

以公有制为主体，多种经济成分共同发展 the pattern with the public sector remaining dominant and diverse
sectors of the economy developing side by side
一级市场 primary market

溢价 premium
溢价发行债券(以超过票面金额价发行债券) issue of bonds at a premium

以经济建设为中心 focusing on the central task of economic construction

一揽子(计划) one-package (plan)
一揽子购买 lump-sum purchase; basket purchase

以人为本 people oriented; people foremost
以上海浦东开发开放为龙头,进一步开放长江沿岸城市 open more cities along

the Yangtze River, while concentrating on the development and opening of

the Pudong Area of Shanghai

隐性收入 invisible income; off-payroll income; side money

以质量求生存、求发展、求效益 "strive for survival,
development and efficiency on the basis of quality"

以质量求发展 strategy of development through quality; win the market with

quality products

以资证明 in witness whereof; in testimony thereof
印花税 stamp duty / tax
隐性就业 unregistered employment
隐形牧人 invisible income; off-payroll income
隐性失业 recessive unemployment
赢利能力 profitability
营销管理 marketing management
营业税 turnover tax; business tax
永久正常贸易关系 permanent normal trading relations (PNTR)
优化结构 optimize structure
优化经济结构 optimize the economic structure
优化资源配置 optimize the allocation of resources
优化组合 optimization grouping; optional regrouping
优惠贷款 loans on favorable terms
有机农业 organic agriculture
优胜劣汰 survival of the fittest
优势互补 (of two countries or companies) have complementary advantages
幼稚工业 infant industry
游资 idle money / fund; floating capital
与国际惯例接轨 become compatible with internationally accepted practices
与国际市场接轨 integrate with the world market; become integrated into the
global market

预算外收入 extra-budgetary revenue
预算外支出 off-budget expenditure
远景规划 perspective long-term plan
远景计划 long-term development targets
远期合同 forward contract
原始资本 original capital
再贷款 re-lending; subloan
在孵（孵化器）企业 incubated enterprises (incubator)
再就业服务中心 re-employment service center
再就业工程 re-employment project / program
宰（客） to swindle money out of our customers
在途资金 fund in float
增发股票 increase issues in stocks
增加信任,减少麻烦,发展合作,不搞对抗 enhance trust, reduce trouble,develop cooperation and avoid confrontation

造假帐 falsified accounts
增值税 value added tax(VAT)
渣打银行 The Chartered Bank
债台高筑 become debt-ridden
债转股 debt-to-equity swap
招标 invite a bid
招标投标制 the system of public bidding for project
招股说明书 prospectus
招商局 China Merchants Steam Navigation Co. Ltd. (China Merchants)
招商引资 attract/bid for/invite investments (from overseas)
朝阳产业 sunrise industry
折旧费 depreciation charge
折衷方案 a compromise proposal
振兴经济 revitalize the economy
政策性贷款 policy-based lending; policy-related loan
政策性亏损 policy-related losses; losses incurred due to policy decisions
政策银行 policy banks
政府采购 government procurement
政府搭台，部门推动，企业唱戏 "Governments set up the stage,

various departments cooperate and enterprise put in the show. "
政府干预 government intervention
政企不分 without a clear line between the functions of the government and
enterprises; the functions of the government and enterprises mixed up
政企分开 separate government functions from enterprise management
证券化 securitisation
证券监督管理委员会 securities supervision commission
证券营业部 stock exchange; security exchange
支付能力 payment capacity
直接三通与双向交流 three direct links (mail, air and shipping services
and trade)and bilateral exchanges

质量管理 quality control
质量认证体系认证证书 certificate of the system of quality certification
知识产权 intellectual property
知识经济 knowledge-based economy
知识经济 "knowledge economy , knowledge-base economy"
直销 direct marketing; door-to-door sale
滞销商品 unmarketable goods
制止外汇流失 prevent foreign exchange flight
中关村科技园区 Zhongguancun Science and Technology Park
中国出口商品交易会(广交会) China Export Commodities Fair (Guangzhou Fair)
中国经济景气监测中心 China Economic Monitoring Center
中国新经济峰会 China New Economy Summit
中国证监会 China's Securities Regulatory Commission
重合同、守信用的原则 the principle of equality and mutual benefit and
“honoring contracts adn standing by reputation“
重合同,守信用 abide by contracts and keep one's words

《中华人民共和国消费者权益保护法》 Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of
Consumers' Rights and Interests
中华人民共和国渔政渔港监督管理局 Administration of Fishery and Fishing Harbor Supervision of the PRC
股票的）中签 win the lot for IPO
(股票的）中签率 lot winning rate
中央大型企业工委 Central Work Committee for Large Enterprises
中央经济工作会议 the Central Economic Working Conference
中央商务区 central business district (CBD)
注册会计师 certificated public accountant (CPA)
注册资本 registered capital
主体经济 the mainstay of the economy
抓大放小,三改一加强 (Efforts were focused on) the reform,

reorganization,upgrading and better management of enterprises,

aiming at well managing large enterprises while adopting more

flexible policies toward small ones

抓住机遇,深化改革,扩大开放,促进发展,保持稳定seize the current opportunity,deepen the reform,

open China wider to the outside world,promote development and

maintain stability

抓住机遇 seize the opportunity
转轨 transfer to a different track; retracking
转轨经济 economies in transition; transition economy
转化机制 (of State-owned enterprises) to shift to new management mechanisms
专属经济区 exclusive economic zone
专业化分工 division of labor based on specialization
追赶型和跨越式发展 pursuant and leap-forward development
准备金 reserve fund; capital reserves
准上市公司 pro-listed companies
资本额过多 overcapalisation
资本利润率 rate of return on capital
资本外逃 capital flight
资产保值增值 maintain and increase the value of assets;

maintenance and appreciation of assets value

资产剥离 peel off (bad) assets of a company
资产重组 reorganized assets; assets reorganization
资产负债表 balance sheet
资产调控 assets control
资金到位 fully funded (project)
资金划拨 capital allocation
资金汇划 fund remittance and transfer
自由竞争 free competition
自由流通 free flow
自由贸易区 free-trade zone
自足经济 self-sufficient economy
最低工资保障制度 minimum wage guarantee system
最低生活保证制度 system for ensuring a minimum standard of living
最惠国待遇 most-favored-nation status
最终用户 end user

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