英汉翻译讲义第六.pptx

ConversionI.Conversion of Word Classes一、转译为动词1、名词转译成动词He looked on the Convention as a fair and faithful representation of the people.他认为这次大会是人民的公正忠实的代表。他认为这次大会公正忠实地代表了人民。Television is the transmission and reception of images of moving objects by radio waves.用无线电波传送和接收活动物体图像的技术称为电视。To my knowledge,some computers have gone missing.据我所知，有几台计算机失踪了。He was a good listener and they would like to talk with him.他是个好听众，所以他们喜欢同他谈话。他善于听取别人意见，所以他们喜欢同他谈心。2、介词、副词转译成动词With a rifle across his shoulder the boy was playing the soldier.那男孩肩上扛着枪在扮演士兵。The street runs westward,across a great bridge,down a hill and up again,by little shops and meat-markets,past single-storied homes,until suddenly it stops against a wide green lawn.这条大街向西而去，跨过一座大桥，延伸下坡后又上坡，经过了几家店铺和肉市，又越过了几幢平房，最后在一片开阔的绿草坪前突然到了尽头。Training as a salesperson would guarantee her some employment once her schooling was over.参加推销员培训就会确保他在完成学业以后能找到工作做。The performance is on.演出已经开始了。3、形容词转译成动词(同源）His indulgent mother was willing to let him do anything he wanted.他母亲很宠他，他不管想干什么她都愿意让他干。John is quite familiar with the machine.约翰十分熟悉这台机器的性能。The practice is applicable to our school.这种做法适合我们学校的情况。We are especially grateful to you for arranging the meeting for us with the Machinery Trading Delegation at such short notice.我们特别感谢感谢你们在时间那么短促的情况下安排我们同机械交易团的成员们会面。Be+表达思维、知觉、情感、欲望等有关的形容词，如conscious,sure,excited,confident,doubtful,hopeful,willing,anxious,etc.4.复合转性形容词+名词 汉语动词+副词All peace-loving people demand the complete prohibition and thorough destruction of nuclear weapons.一切爱好和平的人民都要求全面禁止核武器，彻底销毁核武器。Large fields of the same crop also result in rapid multiplication of destructive insects.大面积种植单一作物也会造成害虫迅速繁殖迅速繁殖。He was a clever man;a pleasant companion;a careless student;with a great propensity for running into debt,and a partiality for the tavern.他是个聪明人，谈吐非常风趣，可是学习又不肯用功，他老是东挪西借，又喜欢上酒店喝酒。二、转译成名词1、名词派生的动词In Greek mythology,love is personified by the goddess Aphrodite.在希腊神话中，阿佛洛狄特女神是爱的化在希腊神话中，阿佛洛狄特女神是爱的化身。身。Bright colours and bold strokes characterize his early paintings.他早期绘画的特点是色彩鲜明，笔法粗犷。他早期绘画的特点是色彩鲜明，笔法粗犷。2、科技英语中的动词The Greek word“atom”means“cannot be cut”.希腊语“原子”一词的意思是“不可分割”。Mercury weighs about thirteen times as much as water.水银的比重约为水的十三倍。10 000 feet was read from the altimeter.高度表的读数是10000英尺。3、形容词He felt responsible for her death.他觉得她的死他有责任。Lack of trust is very destructive in a relationship.缺乏信任对人际关系的危害很大。4、副词、副词Certainly people in enterprises must be mathematically informed if they are to make wise decision.当然，企业管理人员要想作出明智的决策，就必须懂得数学。Sodium is very active chemically.纳的化学特性很活泼。It was officially announced that the President wound visit China in May.官方宣布总统将于5月访问中国。三、转译成形容词Diligence and intelligence are of considerable importance to your success.勤奋和才智对于获得成功是颇为重要的。I have so much work to do that a holiday for me this year is out of the question.我有很多工作要做，今年休假是不可能的了。Theres no point arguing about it-just do as youre told.争论是没有意义的，叫你怎么做你就怎么做。Its such a nuisance that Ive got to work on Saturday.我星期六还得上班，真讨厌。II.Conversion of Sentence Members1)Objects into subjects:The earth has the shape of a spheroid.The engine has given a consistently good performance.This device exhibits high input impedance(阻抗).2)介宾-主语He is strong of will.With the introduction of the new method,the products decreased in cost.We found a good teacher in Mr.Brown.3)表语主语Matter is anything that occupies space.The rotor is a well-designed structure.Rubber is a better dielectric but a poorer insulator than air.橡胶的介电性比空气好，但绝缘性比空气差。主语-定语Various substances differ widely in their magnetic characteristics.各种材料在磁特性上有很大的不同。各种材料的磁特性有很大的不同。The development of scientific research in China is characterized by the integration of theory with practice.中国科学研究事业发展的特点是理论联系实际。中国科学研究事业的发展是以理论联系实际为特点的。主语宾语(语态转换）Hydrogen is found in many compounds.A idea came to him.The poor were burdened with heavy taxes.As the match burns,heat and light are given off.定语谓语Its limited thickness and youthful age are other discoveries.它厚度有限，年代短，这是另外两个发现。Many factors affect equipment reliability.影响设备稳定性的因素很多。There is a large amount of energy wasted due to friction.摩擦损耗了大量能量。状语补语Nylon is far stronger than rayon.尼龙比人造纤维坚固得多。The number of members of that club is unimaginably large.大得难以想象。宾语谓语The following provides a brief account of how the human body is built.以下简要说明人体是如何构成的Explosions on the sun result in a great increase in ultraviolet radiation.太阳发生的爆炸大大增加了紫外线的辐射。III.Conversion of Impersonal SubjectsWords fail me!我（惊得/吓得）就是说不出话来！Friday started with a morning visit to the modern campus of the 22 000-student University of Michigan in nearby Ann Arbor,where the Chinese table tennis team joined students in the cafeteria line for lunch and later played an exhibition match.星期五那天，中国乒乓球队一早就到安亚伯附件去参观拥有22000名学生的密西根大学现代化的校园。他们和该校学生在校内自助餐厅一起去排队用餐，然后举行了一场表演赛。A new spirit will dominate the United Nations.联合国的精神面貌将焕然一新。联合国的精神面貌将焕然一新。Excitement deprived me of all power of utterance.我激动得什么话也说不出来。我激动得什么话也说不出来。转换为状语March 1940 found me working in a small construction firm.1940年3月，我在一家小型建筑公司工作。IV.Conversion of PerspectivesThese are our tasks for the period ahead.这就是我们今后的任务。Students get a discount of 20%on air fares.学生买机票可打八折。Hardbacks are usually more expensive than paperbacks.精装书通常比简装书贵。He beat her black and blue.他把她打得青一块，紫一块。