语法难点突破之五定语从句一ppt课件市公开课一等奖百校联赛优质课金奖名师赛课获奖课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。,语法难点突破之五,定语从句（一）,语法专题突破,1/48,修饰名词和代词成份,Key words:,定语,:,a beautiful flower,a,tall,boy,beautiful,tall,定语从句：,修饰名词和代词从句,This is the best film that I have seen.,定语从句,the best film,先行词,that,关系词,2/48,This is the best film that I have seen.,关系词,引导定语从句,代替先行词,在从句中担当一个成份,关系词作用,1,）,2,）,3,）,3/48,London is,the city,that/which,has host,ed,the Olympic Games.,London,the city,host the Olympic Games.,4/48,Revision1,the usage of the,relative pronoun,关系代词,指代,在定语从句中所充当成份,人,物,句子,主语,宾语,定语,who,whom,which,that,whose,5/48,the usage of the,relative adverb,关系副词,指代,所充当句子成份,when,where,why,time,place,reason,adverbial,adverbial,adverbial,6/48,类别,意义,功效,形式,关系代词,限定性定语从句,非限定性定语从句,起限定作用。若省略，原句意义不完整。,起补充说明作用。若省略，原句意义不受影响。,修饰先行词,修饰先行词,/,整个句子,无逗号隔开,有逗号与主句隔开,有,that,无,that,Revision 2,限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句区分,作,宾语,时能够省略不能够省略,7/48,Her brother,who is now a soldier,always encourages her to go to college.,Her brother,who is now a soldier,always encourages her to go to college.,她,那当兵哥哥,总是勉励她上大学。（,隐含意思：或许不止一个哥哥）,她哥哥是当兵，他总是勉励她上大学。,8/48,The book,(that/which),I bought yesterday,is Harry Potter and the Order of Phoenix.,The book,which,I bought yesterday,is,Harry Potter and the Order of Phoenix,.,有,that,，作,宾语,时能够省略,不用,that,作宾语时不能够省略,，,我昨天买,那本书是,哈利,波特与凤凰令,9/48,1.,指物时只用,that,或,which,情况,2.,介词,+,关系代词,3.Whose,使用方法及转换形式,4.as,与,which,区分,5.,指人时,that,与,who,区分,6.,怎样判断用关系副词还是关系代词,7.,定语从句中主谓一致问题,常见考点,10/48,1.This is all _ I know about the matter.,A.that B.what C.who D.whether,2.Is there anything,else _ you require?,A.which B.that C.who D.what,3.The last place _ we visited was the Great Wall.,A.which B.that C.where D.it,考点一,:,that,与,which,区分,先行词为,all,little,much,everything,nothing,something,anything,等不定代词时，关系代词用,that,11/48,4He talked happily about the men and books,_ interested him greatly in the school.,A.which B.that C.it D.whom,5.There is no dictionary _ you can find everything.,A.that B.which C.where D.in that,6.Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn?,A.that B./C.which D.it,7.,Which was the hotel _ was recommended to you?,A.that B.which C.where D.it,先行词为人和物组合,先行词被,all,little,much,every,no,等修饰时,先行词被,序数词,或,最高级,修饰；先行词前有序数词,(the first),形容词最高级,(the best),the last,the very,the only,等时。,若主句中有疑问代词,who,或者,which,，为了防止重复,关系代词不要再用,who,which,，而用,that,。,12/48,1.,先行词为,all,little,much,everything,nothing,something,anything,等不定代词,2.,先行词被,all,little,much,every,no,等修饰时。,3.,先行词被序数词或最高级修饰先行词前有序数词,(the first),形容词最高级,(the best),the last,the very,the only,等时。,4.,先行词为人和物组合,5.,若主句中有疑问代词,who,或者,which,，为了防止重复,关系代词不要再用,who,which,，而用,that,。,只用,that,情况,:,13/48,1.Jim passed the driving test,_ surprised everybody in the office.,A.which B that C this D.it,只用,which,情况,:1,逗号后面,2,介词后面,2.,The day _ he was born was,Jan,.20,2,013,.,A.on which B.that C.which D.this,14/48,考点二,:,介词,+,关系代词,提醒,:,介词关系代词引导定语从句,关键,是判断介词选择,.,方法一,:,依据从句中,动词或形容词,与,先行词,习惯搭配,方法二,:,依据从句中动词与先行词,逻辑关系,注意：,关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句经常由“介词,+,关系代词”引出。此时关系代词只能用,which,或,whom,;,不可用,that,或,who,代替,15/48,The,man is from,Beijing University,.,I talked about him at the meeting,.,The man,(who/whom/that),I talked,about,at the meeting,is from Beijing University.,Join them into one sentence.,=The man,about,I talked at the meeting is from Beijing University.,关系代词紧跟在介词后面时，不能用,that,，也不能省略，惯用,which,或,whom,。该介词通常能够放在关系代词之前，也可放在从句之尾。,whom,16/48,但碰到固定词组时，介词普通紧跟词组主体，不作前置,。,Is this the book(which/that)you are,looking for,?,17/48,Filling blanks:,1.The man _ you,shook hands,just now is our headmaster.,2.The room _ my family,live,used to be a garage.,with whom,in which,18/48,考点三：,Whose,使用方法及转换形式,1.whose,引导定语从句，其后应紧跟名词，,组成名词短语。,Thats the child,whose,father is a teacher.,Do you know the woman,whose,husband is a doctor?,This is,a book,whose,cover is green.,2.,whose,引导定语从句，其先行词不但可,以指人，还能够指物。,19/48,3.whose,先行词指物时,可用,of which,代替,但词序不一样，,即,whose+,名词,=,the+n+of which,=,of which+the+n,.,He lives in the room,whose window,faces south.,=He lives in the room,faces south.,=He lives in the room,faces south.,the window of which,of which the window,20/48,考点四：,as,与,which,引导定语从句,二者均可引导非限制性定语从句，有时能够交换，但以下情况多用,as,。,1.,当与,such,或,the same,连用时，普通用,as,。,e.g.,Such,books,as,you tell me are interesting.,I have,the same,plan,as,you.,2.,as,引导从句能够放在句首,as,本身有“正如,.,正象,”,之意，与之连用词有,know,see,expect,announce,point out,等。,e.g.,As,we all know,the earth is round.,21/48,1._ was natural,he married Jenny.,A.Which B.That,C.This D.As,2.Such signs _ we use in the experiment _,Greek letters.,A.as,are B.as,is,C.that,are D.that,is,22/48,3.She is very good at dance,_ everybody knows.,A.that B.which C.who D.as,4._ has been said above,grammar is a set of,dead rules.,A.Which B.What C.That D.As,5.We do the same work _ they do.,A.which B.as C.than D.like,23/48,Anyone,_,breaks the law is punished.,Those,_,break the law are punished.,He,_,breaks the law is punished.,在,anyone,those,he/she/I/they,作先行词时,用”,who”,代替“,that”.,考点五,:that,与,who,区分,who,who,who,24/48,考点六,:,怎样判断用,关系副词,还是,关系代词,?,选取定语从句关系词时，需注意两点：,1.,先行词,2.,关系词在从句中充当成份,。,做主语，宾语，定语用,做状语用,关系代词,关系副词,25/48,I will never forget the day _,I first went to school.,I will never forget the day _,we spent in Beijing.,The house _,we visited,is being repaired now.,The house _,Luxun once lived,is being repaired now.,when,(which/that),(which/that),where,26/48,考点七,:,定语从句中主谓一致问题,定语从句中动词在人称和数方面应该与它,先行词,保持一致。,1.I am not one who _afraid of difficulty,2.Don,t choose me,who _not fit for this job,is,am,27/48,3.This is one of the best books _.,A.that have ever been written,B.that has ever been written,C.that has written,D.that have written,4.She is not the only one of the girls _ well in class.,A.which sings B.who sing,C.who sings D.who to sing,28/48,1.Is this factory _ we visited last,week?,D,Is this the factory _ we visited last,Week?,A,、,where B,、,that,C,、,to which D,、,the one,B,解题关键：假如是疑问句式，将其转化为陈说句式。,Exercises,29/48,2.Let me think of a proper situation,_ this sentence can be used.,A,、,where,B,、,that,C,、,of whom,D,、,which,A,先行词是,situation,case,scene,时，普通用,where,也可用,in which,30/48,3.She will never forget the day_ she spent in Beijing.,A,、,when B,、,what,C,、,which D,、,why,C,She will never forget the day_ she stayed with him in Beijing.,A,31/48,5.The college wont take anyone _ eyesight is weak.,A,、,who B,、,whose,C,、,of whom D,、,which,B,6.Those _ to take part in the game,write down your names.,A,、,who B,、,who want,C,、,who,wants,D,、,what,B,32/48,7.I dont like English,_ grammar I am not interested.,I dont like English,_ grammar is difficult to learn.,I like this,house,_ doorway is just enough to get.,I like this h,ouse,_ doorway is small.,A.in which B.which,C.through whose D.whose,A,D,C,D,33/48,8.I,，,_ your good friend,will try my best to help you out.,A,、,who is B,、,what is,C,、,what am D,、,who am,D,9.Which of the two cows _ you keep produces more milk?,A,、,which B,、,that,C,、,what D,、,as,B,34/48,10.His walking stick,_ he cant walk,was lost yesterday.,A,、,that,B,、,with which,C,、,which,D,、,without which,D,35/48,1,1,.Which of the two cows _ you,keep produces more milk?,A,、,which,B,、,that,C,、,what,D,、,as,B,36/48,1,2,.,As many members _ were present agreed to the plan.,A.who,B.that,C.which,D.as,D,1,3,.He must be from Africa,_ can,be seen from his skin.,A.that,B.as,C.who,D.what,B,37/48,1,4,.This is the same pen _I lost yesterday.,A.as B.that,C.the one D.A&B,D,比较：,.,.the same pen,as,I lost.,.the same pen,that,I lost.,表示这支笔与我不见那支很像，不一定就是,则表示这支笔就是我不见那支,.,38/48,1,5,.The teacher gave us so difficult a problem _ we couldnt solve.,The teacher gave us so difficult a problem _ we couldnt solve it.,A.as B.that,C.which D.the ones,A,B,so.that,后面跟是一个结果状语从句,39/48,1,6,._is mentioned above,the number of the students in senior high school is increasing.,A.Which B.As,C.What D.That,B,40/48,1,7,.Ill tell you _ he told me last night.A.all which B.all what,C.that all D.all,D,18,.,How do you like the book?Its quite different from _ I read,last month.A.that B.which,C.the one D.the one what,C,41/48,19,.There are three libraries in our,school,_ were built five,years ago.,A,、,all of them,B,、,either of them,C,、,all of which,D,、,both of that,C,42/48,2,0,.I bought some books from the bookstore,five,_were English novels.,A.of which B.which,C.that D.in which,A,名词,/,代词,/,数词,+of+which/whom,引导非限定性定语从句,43/48,21.Here are players from Japan,some of _ are our old friends.,Here are some players from Japan and some of _ are our old friends.,A.which B.that,C.whom D.them,非限制性定语从句,并列句,C,D,44/48,解题思绪,:,1.,通读全句。首先判断是什么句型。,2.,题干句假如是疑问句式，将其转化为陈说句式。,3.,分析从句句子结构，在定语从句中，缺什么，就补什么：缺主语或宾语，用关系代词；缺状语，用关系副词,4.,注意标点符号和题干中是否存在并列连词,and,but,等。,45/48,Translation,1.,这就是那位帮助我人。,2.,你昨天见到史密斯夫人是我一个朋友。,3.,你认识一个叫王雨人吗？,This is the man who helped me.,Mrs.Smith whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine.,Do you know the man whose name is Wang Yu?,46/48,4.,我收到那份礼品是我哥送。,5.,他在我出去那个星期来我家了。,6.,请给我解释一下你不辞而别理由好吗？,The present that/which I received was from my brother.,He came to my home during the week when I was out.,Could you please give me a reason why you left without a word?,47/48,48/48,