电大学位英语完形填空.docx

最新电大学位英语完形填空

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Many people wrongly believe that when people reach old age, their families place them in nursing homes .They are left in the 1 of strangers for the rest of their lives. Their 2 children visit them only occasionally, but more often, they do not have any 3 visitors. The truth is that this idea is an unfortunate myth-an 4 story. In fact, family members provide over 80 percent of the care 5 elderly people need. Samuel Prestoon, a sociologist, studied 6 the American family is changing. He reported that by the time the 7 American couple reaches 40 years of age, they have more parents than children. 8 , because people today live longer after an illness than people did years 9 , family members must provide long term care. 
  More psychologists have found that all caregivers 10 a common characteristic: all caregivers believe that they are the best 11 for the job. In other words, they all felt that they 12 do the job better than anyone else. Social workers 13 caregivers to find out why they took 14 the responsibility of caring for an elderly relative. Many caregivers believed they had 15 to help their relative. Some stated that helping others 16 them feel more useful. Others hoped that by helping 17 now, they would deserve care when they became old and 18 .caring for the elderly and being taken care of can be a 19 satisfying experience for everyone who might be 20 
1. a.hands    b.arms     c.bodies          d.homes 
  2. a.growing  b.grown    c.being grown     dhaving grown   
3. a.constant  b.lasting    c.regular         d.normal  
 4. a.imaginary b.imaginable c.imaginative     d.imagery  
 5. a.that     b.this       c.those           d.these  
 6. a.when    b.how      c.what            d.where  
 7. mon  b.ordinary  c.standard         d.average 
  8. a.further   b.however   c.moreover       d.whereas 
  9. a.before   b.ago        c.later           d.lately   
10. a.share   b.enjoy      c.divide          d.consent  
 11. a.person  b.people     c.character        d.man  
 12. a.would  b.will        c.could          d.can 
  13. a.questioned  b.interviewed  c.inquired    d.interrogate  
 14. a.in      b.up        c.on             d.off 
  15. a.admiration b.initiative  c.necessity       d.obligation 
  16. a.cause   b.enable     c.make          d.get 
  17. a.someone b.anyone    c.everyone       d.anybody   
18. a.elderly  b.dependent  c.dependable     d.independent
   19. a.similarly b.differently  c.mutually       d.certainly   
20. a.involved b.excluded    c.included       d.considere

答案+解析 
  1.【答案】a 
  【解析】本句意为他们的业余生活要由陌生人来照料。in the hands of“由„„控制或照料”，固定搭配。   2.【答案】b 
  【解析】grown children过去分词作定语，意为长大的孩子。 
3.【答案】c 
  【解析】regular“定期的、有规律的”；normal“正常的”；constant“经常的”；lasting“持续的”，这里指定期来看望的人。   4.【答案】a 
  【解析】imaginary“不真实的、虚构的”；imaginable“可想象的”；imaginative“富于想象力的”；imagery意为肖像。   5.【答案】a   6.【答案】b   7.【答案】d 
  【解析】average指一般、通常的情况；common表示“普通的”，强调大部分；ordinary及special相对立，强调普遍性；standard“标准的”。   8.【答案】c   9.答案】b   10.【答案】a 
  【解析】share，共享的，常及common搭配。consent同意。   11.【答案】b   12.【答案】c   13.【答案】b 
  【解析】questioned和inquired表示“询问、疑问”；interrogate“审问”。故interviewed“面试、访问”符合句意。

14.【答案】c   15.【答案】d   16.【答案】c 
  【解析】make sb do sth.表示“使某人„„”，符合句意。   17.【答案】a   【解析】someone在这里泛指某个人。anyone、anybody指任何人，everyone指每个人。     18.【答案】b   19.【答案】c   20.【答案】a

Reading involves looking at graphic symbols and formulating mentally the sounds and ideas they represent.Concepts of reading have changed 1 over the centuries.During the 1950's and 1960's especially, increased attention has been devoted to 2 the reading process. 3 specialists agree that reading 4 a complex organization of higher mental 5 , they disagree 6 the exact nature of the process.Some experts, who regard language primarily as a code using symbols to represent sounds, 7 reading as simply the decoding of symbolssintosthe sounds they stand 8 .
These authorities 9 that meaning, being concerned with thinking, must be taught independently of the decoding process.Others maintain that reading is 10 related to thinking, and that a child who pronounces sounds without 11 their meaning is not truly reading.The reader, 12 some, is not just a person with a theoretical ability to read but one who 13 reads.
Many adults, although they have the ability to read, have never read a book in its 14 .By some expert they would not be 15 as readers.Clearly, the philosophy, objectives, methods and materials of reading will depend on the definition one useBy the most 16 and satisfactory definition, reading is the ability to 17 the sound-symbols code of the language, to interpret meaning for various 18 , at various rates, and at various levels of difficulty, and to do 19 widely and enthusiastically. 20 reading is the interpretation of ideas through the use of symbols representing sounds and ideas.
1.A.substantively B.substantially C.substitutively D.subjectively
2.A.define and describe B.definition and description
C.defining and describing D.have defined and described
3.A.Although B.If C.Unless D.Until
4.A.involves B.involves to C.is involved D.involves of
5.A.opinions B.effects C.manners D.functions
6.A.of B.about C.for D.into
7.A.view B.look C.reassure D.agree
8.A.by B.to C.off D.for
9.A.content B.contend C.contempt D.contact
10.A.inexplicably B.inexpressibly C.inextricably D.inexpediently
11.A.interpreting B.saying C.explaining D.reading
12.A.like B.for example C.according to D.as
13.A.sometimes B.might C.practical D.actually
14.A.entire B.entirety C.entirely D.entity
15.A.classed B.granted C.classified D.graded
16.A.inclusive B.inclinable C.conclusive D.complicated
17.A.break up B.elaborate C.define D.unlock
18.A.purposes B.degrees C.stages D.steps
19.A.such B.so as C.so D.such as
20.A.By the way B.In short C.So far D.On the other hand
Cloze Test 21
1.【答案】B
【解析】substantively“实质地”；substantially“大量地”；substitutively“可替代地”；subjectively“主观地”。本句意为经过几个世纪，阅读的概念已经改变了很多。
2.【答案】C
【解析】在这里to是介词，后接名词或动名词。因本句中the reading process前也应有动词，故选动名词。
3.【答案】A
【解析】although表示“尽管”，符合句意。
4.【答案】A
【解析】involve使卷入、包括；被动语态时用be involved in；没有involve to和involve of的用法。
5.【答案】D
【解析】mental function智力活动。Opinion“意见”；manner“行为”；effect“影响”，这三项及mental搭配不妥。
6.【答案】B
【解析】disagree about/on“对……有不同意见”，在这一含义上不能用其他介词。
7.【答案】A
【解析】view…as把……看作。
8.【答案】D
【解析】stand for“代表”；stand by“支持”；stand to“遵守”；stand off“冷淡”。
9.【答案】B
【解析】contend“争论”；content“含量、容量”；contempt“轻视、蔑视”；contact“接触、联系”。根据句意，此处应选contend，意为这些权威争论说……。
10.【答案】A
【解析】inexplicably“无法解释地”；inextricably“无法摆脱的”；inexpressibly“说不出地”；inexpediently“不适当地、不明智地”。本句意为其他人坚持认为阅读无法解释地及思考联系在一起。
11.【答案】A
【解析】interpreting“理解”；explaining“解释”。本句意为一个孩子能发出声音而不理解所读的含义，不能叫做真正的阅读。
12.【答案】C
【解析】在这里according to some是说“根据一些人的观点”。
13.【答案】D
【解析】actually“事实上地”；practical是形容词，不能修饰动词。这里actually和前半句的theoretical是在词意上的相对，符合句意。
14.【答案】B
【解析】代词its后接名词，四项选择中只有B、D项是名词。entirety“整体”；entity“实体”。inits entirety指整体地、全面地。
15.【答案】C
【解析】be classified as“被划分、被分类到”；be granted“被授予”。
16.【答案】C
【解析】conclusive“确定的”；inclusive“包括的、包围的”；inclinable“倾向于、赞成的”；complicated“复杂的”。the most conclusive是最高级，指最确定性的。
17.【答案】D
【解析】unlock“解开、破译”；elaborate“详细说明、论述”；define“解释、限定”；break up“解散”。
18.【答案】A
【解析】for various purposes因为各种各样的原因，及上下文相符。
19.【答案】C
【解析】此处用副词so修饰widely。
20.【答案】B
【解析】根据文意，此处要作总结，选in short“总之”。By the way顺便说，So far到目前为止，on the other hand另一方面。
Every year more than half a million American kids have drainage (排泄 ) tubes surgically implanted in their ears to combat persistent infections. The procedure, known as tympanostomy, may not be as 67 as the tonsillectomy was in the 1940s, but it now 68 as the nation’s leading childhood 69 and a new study suggests it’s being vastly overused. In 70 more than 6,000 scheduled ear tube operations, a team of experts 71 by Harvard pediatrician Lawrence Kleinman found that fewer than half were clearly justified. "Each year", the researchers write in the 

　　current Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), "several hundred thousand children in the United States may be 72 tympanostomy tubes that offer them no demonstrated 73 ...and may place them at increased 74 ." 

　　Tube placement isn’t a 75 risky procedure, but it costs $1,000 to $1,500 and sometimes scars the eardrum, causing a partial loss of 76 . Studies show that the 

　　benefits are most likely to 77 the risks ifa child’s middle ear has produced sticky fluid 78 more than four months despite treatment 79 antibiotics. For less virulent infections, drug treatment is Usually a(n) 80 , safer alternative (though drugs, too, can be overused). In the new JAMA study, Kleinman’s team reviewed the medical charts of 6,429 kids, all under 16, 81 doctors had recommended the procedure. Even making "generous assumptions" about the likely 82 , the researchers found that a quarter of the proposed operations were 83 , since less invasive alternatives were available, 84 another third were as likely to harm the recipients as help them. Parents needn’t 85 about ear tubes that are already in place. Once 86 implanted, the tiny devices provide drainage for six months to a year, then come out by reducing health costs by hundreds of millions of dollars every year. 

　　67.[A] rare [B] common [C] general [D] abnormal 

　　68.[A] considers [B] altemates [C] ranges [D] ranks 

　　69.[A] operation [B] disease [C] condition [D] injection 

　　70.[A] finding [B] reviewing [C] amending [D] performing 

　　71.[A] controlled [B] conducted [C] legitimated [D] led 

　　72.[A] receiving [B] accepting [C] undertaking [D] initiating 

　　73.[A] disadvantage [B] agreement [C] advantage [D] hortcoming 

　　74.[A] bottom [B] risk [C] edge [D] extent 

　　75.[A] subtly [B] hopefully [C] merely [D] terribly 

　　76.[A] feeling [B] hearing [C] health [D] memory 

　　77.[A] outfit [B] outflow [C] outweigh [D] outgrow 

　　78.[A] for [B] on [C] in [D] to 

　　79.[A] by [B] upon [C] with [D] along 

　　80.[A] expensive [B] faster [C] further [D] cheaper 

　　81.[A] which [B] whose [C] that [D] who 

　　82.[A] risks [B] dangers [C] chances [D] benefits 

　　83.[A] inappropriate [B] favorable [C] preferable [D] inadequate 

　　84.[A] where [B] when [C] whether [D] while 

　　85.[A] outrage [B] panic [C] complain [D] protest 

　　86.[A] lively [B] quickly [C] successfully [D] formally 

　　文章精要 

　　文章指出，每年美国有超过50万的儿童接受鼓膜管置放于术，现在已经在儿童手术中排在了第一位。一项新的研究表明这个手术已经被极大地过度使用。 

　　67．B词义辨析题。空格所在句子意思为：在20世纪40年代的时候，这个手术可能不像扁桃腺切除术，但是……common符合句意，所以B正确。 

　　68．D词义辨析题。由空格后的leading可知，鼓膜管置放术现在已经位于全国的第一位，所以rank符合句意，D正确。consider主语应该是人，这里应该用被动语态，所以排除；range表示“排列，把……排列成行”，如：She ranged the books neatly on the desk．她把书整齐地排放在桌子上。 

　　69．A词义辨析题。空格所在句意为：鼓膜管置放术现在已经是位于全国第一位的孩童时期的______。由此可知，空格所填词的内涵包括鼓膜管置放术，operation符合句意，所以A正确。 

　　70．B词义辨析题。空格所在句意为：在________6千多手例术中，一组专家发现少于一半的人接受的治疗是正当的。reviewin9符合句意，所以B正确。amend意为“修正，改进”。 

　　71．D词义辨析题。由空格后的by Harvard pediatrician Lawrence Kleinman可知，这个专家组是由Lawrence Kleinman带头的，led符合句意，所以D正确。 

　　72．A词义辨析题。空格所在句意为：每年美国有数十万的孩子可能_______这种手术。再看选项可知，空格内应该是“接受”。receive只表示被动地接受；accept表示主动而且高兴地接受，所以A正确。 

　　73．C词义辨析题。前面提到只有少于一半的人接受的手术治疗是恰当的，所以可知空格处所在从句意思应该是说这个手术对他们没有什么好处，所以C正确。shortcomin9意为“缺点，短处”。 

　　74．B词义辨析题。同上题分析，这种手术不仅对他们没什么好处，还可能增加他们的风险，所以B正确。edge意为“边缘；优势”。 

　　75．D词义辨析题。空格所在句子意思为：植入导管并不是一个________风险的手术，但是需花费1000到1500美元，而且有时候还会……terribly符合句意，所以D正确。subtly意为“敏锐地；精细地”；merely意为“仅仅，只”。 

　　76．B词义辨析题。空格所在句意为：……有时候还会弄伤耳膜，导致丧失部分________。hearin9符合句意，所以B正确。 

　　77．C词义辨析题。空格所在句意为：研究表明，益处极可能____________风险，如果孩子的中耳能……由此可见，句子是用益处和风险作比较，outweigh符合句意，所以C正确。outfit意为“配备，装备”；outflow意为“流出”；outgrow意为“长出”。 

　　78．A惯用搭配题。空格后是more than four months，四个选项都可以接表示时间的词或短语：on接表示时间点的词；in表示在将来的时间里发生；t0表示到……时间；for表示一段时间，所以A正确。 

　　79．C词义辨析题。空格所在短语意思是：用抗生素的治疗。with符合句意，所以C正确。 

　　80．D词义辨析题。空格后是逗号，然后是safer，由此可知，空格和safer是并列的关系，所以应该是形容词比较级，排除A；关于治疗的快慢文章前面没有提到，排除B、C；文章前面提到治疗费用比较高，所以此处可能指更便宜一些，所以D正确。 

　　81．B语法结构题。空格是从句的引导词，根据句意可知，是这些孩子的医生建议他们做这个手术，所以whose符合句意，B正确。 

　　82．D词义辨析题。联系上下文可知，文章主要论述这种手术的好处和坏处，选项中A、B同义，所以排除，D正确。 

　　83．A词义辨析题。空格所在句意为：研究人员发现这些被建议的手术中有四分之一是________，由前面的even可知，空格处是指这些手术不好的方面，inappropriate符合句意，所以A正确。inadequate是指“不充分的，不充足的”。 

　　84．D逻辑衔接题。空格所在句子意思是：________另外三分之一很可能像帮助接受手术治疗的人们一样去伤害他们。由此可见，这里的三分之一是和前面提到的四分之一相对应的，所以while符合句意，D正确。 

　　85．B词义辨析题。空格所在句意为：家长们不用对已经植入耳内的导管感到________。结合后面可知，panic(恐慌)符合句意，所以B正确。outrage意为“凌辱；引起义愤”。 

　　86．C词义辨析题。空格所在句意为：一旦________植入以后，这种小装置就能排泄半年到一年的时间……可见这正是成功植入后的效果，所以C正确。formally意为“正式地，形式上”。
Today, most countries in the world have canals.Many countries have built canals near the coast, and parallel 1 the coast.Even in the twentieth century, goods can be moved more cheaply by boat than by any other 2 of transport.These

　　3 make it possible for boats to travel 4 ports along the coast without being 5 to the dangers of the open.Some canals, such as the Suez and the Panama, save ships weeks of time by making their 6 a thousand miles shorter.Other canals permit boats to reach cities that are not 7 on the coast, still other canals 8 landsswheresthere is too much water, help to 9 fields wherethere is not enough water, and 10 water power for factories and mills.The size of a canal 11 on the kind of boats going through it.The canal must be wide enough to permit two of the largest boats using it to 12 each other easily.It must be deep enough to leave about two feet of water 13 the keel of the largest boat using the canal.When the planet Mars was first 14 through a telescope, people saw that the round disk of the planet was criss-crossed by a 15 of strange blue-green lines.These were called“canals”16 they looked the same as canals on earth 17 are viewed from an airplane.However, scientists are now 18 that the Martian phenomena are really not canals.The photographs 19 from space-ships have helped us to 20 the truth about the Martia“canals”.

　　1.A.off B.with C.to D.by

　　2.A.way B.means C.method D.approach

　　3.A.waterways B.waterfronts C.channels D.paths

　　4.A.among B.between C.in D.to

　　5.A.revealed B.exposed C.opened D.shown

　　6.A.trip B.journey C.voyage D.route

　　7.A.lain B.stationed C.set D.located

　　8.A.escape B.drain Cdry D.leak

　　9.A.water B.wet C.soak D.irrigate

　　10.A.furnish B.afford C.offer D.give

　　11.A.focuses B.bases C.depends D.takes

　　12.A.cross B.pass C.move D.advance

　　13.A.down B.below C.beneath D.off

　　14.A.studied B.researched C.surveyed D.observed

　　15.A.few B.number C.deal Dsupply

　　16.A.although B.because C.so D.if

　　17.A.that B.where C.when D.as

　　18.A.exact B.definite C.certain D.decisive

　　19.A.held B.taken C.got D.developed

　　20.A.find B.expose C.uncover D.discover

　　Cloze Test 20

　　1.【答案】C

　　【解析】parallel to“及……平行”，固定搭配。

　　2.【答案】B

　　【解析】means of transport“交通工具”，固定搭配。

　　3.【答案】A

　　【解析】waterways“水道”；waterfronts指城市的滨水区；channels指海峡；paths指小路。

　　4.【答案】B

　　【解析】between指在两个港口间航行。among指三个或三个以上。

　　5.【答案】B

　　【解析】expose“使暴露、面临”后接to；reveal“显示”；show“展示”；open意为打开。本句意为暴露在危险面前。

　　6.【答案】C

　　【解析】voyage特指水上航行，其他选项均及水无关。