英语音标自学教程（课堂PPT）.ppt

title style,*,英语国际音标课件大全,1,？,Ask and,answer,:,为什么,要,学习音标？,2,相信自己，,I can do it!,作为英语老师，常常遇到这样的尴尬场面：课堂上教学生读单词，老师读一遍，学生跟着读一遍，下课布置学生们回去要认真复习单词。可是到了第二天早读，大部分同学均忘记单词是怎么读的。这样的实例常常发生在小学的中高年级段，以及初中阶段。即便是是高中、大学阶段也会出现！,为什么出现如此情况呢？,不懂国际音标！,3,相信自己，,I can do it!,学习音标并不是难事，,但是,意义却非常深远！,4,相信自己，,I can do it!,1.,发音准确，说地道的英语,对于学生来说，语言上有很强的模仿能力，学习音标能帮助他们准确发音，快速提高自身听、读英语的能力。学习好,48,个国际音标，为日后的学习打下坚实的基础。英语在生活中说的机会比中文少得多，很多中小学生说英语像香港人说普通话一样，听他们说的英语需要伸长脖子、不断重复。学会了音标，发音地道了、纯正了，听力也随之提高。,5,相信自己，,I can do it!,2.,拼读法记忆单词,很多同学老是花很多时间记单词，但又很快忘记了。原因就是靠死记硬背字母，这种死板的记忆方法是不科学的。英语的发音内在有其极为强大的规律，会了国际音标是完全可以用来背单词。记忆单词的时候，发音的规律自然产生作用使得同学只要知道读音就基本可以拼写出单词，甚至可以自己检验单词拼写有否错误。很大程度上，能节省学生记单词的时间和不少痛苦。,6,相信自己，,I can do it!,3.,提高学生的自主学习性，增加词汇量,在学生在没有学习音标之前，都是很依赖老师。老师读一个单词，同学跟着读一个，很多同学怕自己忘了就用中文或者奇怪的符号标注，但过后发现又不知怎样发音了。条件好点的学生会借助于电子词典等的学习工具。但是学会了音标可以轻松解决这些问题，更使学生的学习更主动有效。即使老师没有教你读音，自己也可以根据音标拼读出来。英语世界数十万单词，不可能每个都依赖老师，遇到不懂的单词可以通过拼读轻松把它记下来。,7相信自己，,I can do it!,4.,整体语感提高,掌握音标之后，学校的课文可以很流畅地朗读。语感也随着这样的日常训练逐步提高，对学生应对语法选择、完形填空和阅读理解等题目有一种无形的助力。,8,相信自己，,I can do it!,音标的教学一直被学校的英语教学忽视，在小学、中学的英语课程均没有被列入必要的教学范围，导致学生容易英语的学习上遇到的困惑。,为了使得学生在英语学习的初级阶段打好基础，为今后进一步的英语学习提供良好的硬件，建议广大学生，无分年龄、年级都必须好好攻克国际音标这一关,9,音素和国际音标,1,什么是音素,：音素是语音的最小单位。,2,音素的分类,：元音和辅音。,3音素的个数,：共,48,个，元音音素,20,个，辅,音音 素,28,个。,4,什么是音标,：记录音素的符号叫做音标。,5,什么是国际音标,：国际音标是由国际语音,协会规定的一套音标，用来,记录世界各主要语言的语音。,7.,开音节,：,a),辅音,+,元音,+,辅音,+e:name,bike,home,due,plane,shine,b),辅音,+,元音,:he,go,hi,do,be,tree,three,hello,8.,闭音节,：,a),辅音,+,元音,+,辅音,:bad,bed,sit,hot,cup,let,mad,map,b),元音,+,辅音,:it,is,of,in,on,up,out,ant,9.,重读音节,：,单词中发音特别响亮的音节。,10,元音和辅音的定义：,发音时声带振 动，呼出的气流通过口腔时不受阻碍，这样形成的语音称为元音。,不论声带振动与否，发音时呼出的气流通过口腔或鼻腔时受到一定的阻碍，这样形成的语音称为辅音。,发音时声带不振动的辅音称为清辅音。,发音声带振动的辅音称为浊辅音。,11,元 音,12,个单元音,长元音,a:,:,i:,:,u:,短元音,i,u,e,8,个双元音,ai,ei,i,i,e,u,au,u,辅 音,10,对,清辅音,p,t,k,f,s,t,tr,ts,浊辅音,b,d,g,v,z,3,d3,dr,dz,3,个鼻音,m,n,3,个似拼音,h,r,l,2,个半元音,w,j,12,巧记,48,个国际音标,单元音共十二，四二六前中后,双元音也好背，合口集中八个,辅音共计二十八八对一清又七浊，,四个连对也包括。有气无声清辅音，,有声无气浊辅音，发音特点应掌握,13,1.,音标必须写在括号里，常用的音标括号有斜头和平头两种，其 上端不顶第一线，大致与大写字母相齐，下端在第三格的中,2.,音标没有书写体，也没有大小写，因此书写时必须和印刷体一 样，直上直下，没有斜度，其书写规格如下所列。,3.,下面几个音标是最容易写错的，一定要注意：,ai,和,au,不要写成,Ai,和,Au,，,A:,不要写成,a:,。在打字的时候，不要用,a,来代替,A,把,A:,打成,a:,，也不要用,g,来代替,G,，把,GE:l,打成,gE:l,。,4.,音标没有书写体，也没有大小写，因此书写时必须和印刷体一样，直上直下，没有斜度，其书写规格如下页所列。,音标的书写,14,15,元音音标学习,元音概述：,元音是有噪音的语音。形成元音时，声带振动，气流经由咽腔和口腔逸出时，不受到任何阻碍，没有可以听得到的摩擦声。英语里共有,20,个元音（单元音,1,个，双元音个）。,元音之间的差异，是由发音时各发音器官所采取的不同位置形成的。所谓“不同位置”，指的是舌头的高低与前后，牙床的开合程度，以及唇形的大小和圆扁。,但其中决定的因素是舌头的位置：,舌头是在口腔的前部、中部或者后部，决定所发的音是前元音、中元音还是后元音；舌身隆起的高度以及舌的哪一部分隆起最高，决定发出的元音是开口元音、半开元音、合口元音、还是半合元音。牙床开合的程度是由舌位的高低所决定的，而双唇的圆扁和大小对形成不同的元音也有相当的影响。,因此，描述一个元音的发音部位，主要是描述它的舌位和唇形。,16,元音音标学习,17,Lesson 1,元音,i:i :,学习,元音,i:I ,:,学习,18,19,i:,发这个音的字母和字母组合,e ea ee,e:me be she he we evening,ee:sweet bee sweep sheep see sleep three green,ea:meat leaf sea pea teach eat clean,根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中元音字母组合发音相同的两个词。,1.seat rain bean cat,2.gift feet teacher dog,3.pig star tree jeep,4.sweet sea fish the,20,21,i,发这个音的字母和字母组合,i e y ey ay,i:pig fish in fifteen six ship thin,e:begin behind jacket basketball,y:happy heavy busy lorry carry sunny,lovely study thirsty twenty thirty windy rainy,ey:monkey money,ay:Sunday Saturday Friday,根据发音规则，圈出每组中元音字母发音不相同的单词。,1.sofa sit kick lip,2.ink gift jam ship,3.hand picture big sister,4.hot lick pig jelly,22,23,:,发这个音的字母和字母组合,er ir ur ear or,er:her serve term,ir:bird girl skirt first dirty skirt shirt,ur:nurse Thursday turtle purple curtain,ear:early learn,or:word work world,根据发音规则，圈出每组中元音字母组合发音相同的单词。,1.thirty beer thirsty wheat,2.bank king her nurse,3.turtle bird rabbit knee,4.room run shirt term,24,25,发这个音的字母和字母组合,ure er ar or a e,ure:picture,er:teacher brother dinner father sister,ar:sugar,or:doctor,a:panda about above camera sofa China,根据发音规则，找出发,的,2,个单词写在后面的横线上。,1.mother sofa road smile,2.sit father sister food,3.hair deer tiger China,4.sugar soon ear leader,26,音标,i:i:,练习,1.,找出下列没有相同发音的词。,()h,e,f,ee,t br,ea,d gr,ee,n,()p,i,g,i,s d,o,g sh,i,p,()thirtybird her food,()shebig in money,()sweetsfish teacher we,()teachersisteraboutgirl,()tigerfirstworkshirt,()treebeancleanchin,()fatherdoctorskirt china,()happyseasitpicture,2.,读音标写单词。,bi:b:d si:swi:t bizi h:dkt sist li:f hi:,3.,连线。,m,ea,t :,th,ir,sty i:,driv,er,an,i,mal i:,27,Lesson 2,音标,:u:u,学习,音标,:u:u,学习,28,29,:,发这个音的字母和字母组合,a aw al or oor,a:water,aw:draw strawberry,al:ball wall,or:horse corn fork or short,oor:floor door,根据发音规则，找出发,:,的,1,个单词写在后面的横线上,。,1.tall bird bread poor,2.idea chair sport hare,3.cake bear walk cup,4.drink short bag milk,30,31,发这个音的字母和字母组合,o a,o:fox coffee dog shop dog,doctor long,a:watch,根据发音规则，找出发,:,的,2,个单词写在后面的横线上。,1.doctor teacher box clothes,2.cold zoo clock dog,3.love boss lot violin,4.watch beach fox girl,32,33,u:,发这个音的字母和字母组合,o oo ui,o:do who whose,oo:food moon too,ui:fruit juice,u:ruler rude,根据发音规则，找出不发,u:,的单词。,1.juice moon zoo panda,2.tooth broom eye spoon,3.head boot noodles pool,4.noon cool boot watch,34,35,u,发这个音的字母和字母组合,o oo u,o:woman wolf,oo:look good book foot wood,u:bull bullet,根据发音规则，选出与其它单词元音发音不相同的单词。,1.mouth book look pull,2.push tape sugar foot,3.wood kind wolf bull,4.bullet wood cook name,36,音标,:u:u,练习,一抄写音标，一个抄写,10,遍,一边抄写一边读。,u,：,u:,：,：,:,：,_,二找出下列没有相同发音的词。,()moonfood eat fruit,()truebookwoodlook,()foursmallwalk bird,()gotclockshopshirt,()busfootpush book,()lostball long ox,()rulerdog mooncake blue,()bigship horse it,37,四,.,写出单词或音标。,bru:m d:sit b:d,fut wi:dg sist,look do water good,too foot clock first,work sister doctor sea,五,.,将下列单词与正确的音标用线连起来。,hotblu:,footballhuk,blueki:s,hookfutb:l,kissht,38,Lesson 3,音标,a:,e,练习,音标,a:,e,练习,39,40,a:,发这个音的字母和字母组合,a ar au ear,a:grass glass class plant dance fast,father last,ar:car star arm March garden dark scarf,au:laugh aunt,ear:heart,根据发音规则，圈出发,a:,的,2,个单词。,1.arm lip doctor card,2.cloud cart garden gate,3.ball scarf dark tiger,4job lorry March park,41,42,发这个音的字母和字母组合,o u oo ou,o:son come colour love money,u:sun nut jump gum bus brush,supper us,ou:touch cousin country,根据发音规则，找出每组中发,的单词。,1.hear cup bed air,2.voice boy duck ant,3.vase corn bear gun,4.cute boy money her,43,44,发这个音的字母和字母组合,a,a:dad cap cat bad apple bag flag,hand rabbit ant black fat has,stand rat map,根据发音规则，找出每组中发,的单词。,1.rat bed face sport,2.hear cup fat pear,3.rice bat finger tree,4.sea young knife apple,45,e,发这个音的字母和字母组合,e ea,e:egg bell desk leg pet ten pen,ea:bread head breakfast,根据发音规则，找出每组中不发,e,的单词。,1.cat well leg pen,2.sweat map pet elephant,3.egg ten tall desk,4.bread head bed toy,46,音标,a:e,练习,一抄写音标，一个抄写,5,遍。,a:,：,：,：,e,：,_,二选出下列没有相同发音的词。,()1.car arm food garden,()2.true jump bus cut,()3.bag short map flag,()4.egg pen head small,()5.got clock bell dog,()6.rabbit book wood foot,()7.rat bat apple ten,()8.gun star duck moneg,三,.,写出单词或音标。,pa:st,ru:m swet sit,ft gt cp sh:t,bag car bus bread star head,47,四,.,选出下列每题中元音有几种读音，有一种读音的在（）里画,有两种读音的画,有三种的画,()1.hat fast cook last,()2.jeep door sun gum,()3.dad cap hand map,()4.star car cut from,()5.skirt sheep bird her,五,.,改变下列单词的一个字母,使它变成另一个单词,like_(,交通工具,),hat _(,动物,),lake _(,食品,),nice _(,数字,),hot _用品,),well _(,用品,),48,Lesson 4,元音音标,ei ai i au,练习,音标,ei ai i au,练习,49,50,ei,发这个音的字母和字母组合,a ai ay,a:cake make name game snake gate lazy,ai:rain train wait,ay:day May play taday way,根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中发音不一样,的单词。,1.face wave sheep tail,2.grape plane name coat,3.time tape train snake,4.rain soap cake train,51,52,ai,发这个音的字母和字母组合,i y ie uy,i:kite bike nice tiger write knife,y:by cry fly my sky try why,ie:tie pie,uy:buy,根据发音规则，找出每组中发,ai,的,2,个单词,.,1.rice good jam right,2.ship mine ice-cream mouse,3.cloud sit tie eye,4.write small tennis kite,53,54,i,发这个音的字母和字母组合,oi oy,oi:oil boil coin,oy:boy toy,根据发音规则，找出每组中发,i,的,2,个单词,.,1.soil hear soy cold,2.rabbit bed boy noise,3.walk voise boil word,4.tea enjoy toy milk,55,56,au,发这个音的字母和字母组合,ou ow,ou:house mouse mouth trousers,ow:flower cow how now down,根据发音规则，选出不发,au,的单词。,1,mouse cloud arm clown,2.teacher trousers cow mouth,3.town dance flower house,4.tower blouse now baby,57,音标,ei ai i au,练习,一,抄写音标，一个抄写,5,遍。,ei,：,ai,：,i,：,au,：,_,二,.,选出下列没有发相同发音的词,()1.cake egg rain May,()2.kite cry broom fly,()3.boy joy cat noise,()4.blouse sun cow house,()5.tower flower mouth arm,三,.,读音标,将下列单词补充完整或写出字母，单 词的音标。,klaud set kin kr:s,c_ _ _d s_ _ c_ _n cr_ _s,flg trein desk smail,f_ _g tr_ _n d_ _ _ s_ _le,Aa Kk Ii Yy,hi boy cow now,toy bike house my,cake face how nice,58,四,.,把下列单词下正确的音标连接起来,bow bau,gate pai,tray geit,pie trei,poison pizn,五,.,看图、填空、标号,h_t s_n e_ _s_ r,r_l_ _ c_k_ m_ _th,59,Lesson 5,元音音标,u i e u,的练习,音标,u i,e,u,的练习,60,61,u,发这个音的字母和字母组合,o oa ow,o:nose rose poen over,oa:boat coat soap goat,ow:show window snow bowl,根据发音规则，圈出每组中发,u,的,2,个单词。,1,coat goat tree river,2.make window knife road,3.your white row coat,4.boat hen nose lamp,62,63,i,发这个音的字母和字母组合,ear eer,ear:ear hear tear,eer:deer beer,根据发音规则，圈出每组中发,i,的,1,个,单词。,1.bear beer fair tail,2.noodles pair near come,3.horse near tower air,4.ring king here three,64,65,e,发这个音的字母和字母组合,air ear,air:hair chair pair,ear:pear bear wear,根据发音规则，圈出每组中发,e,的,1,个,单词。,1.bear idea pineapple tail,2.noodles pair climb come,3.horse house tower air,4.ring king hare three,66,67,u,发这个音的字母和字母组合,oor our ure,oor:poor,our:tour,ure:sure pure,根据发音规则，圈出每组中发,u,的,1,个,单词。,1.clear tourist pineapple tail,2.noodles pair climb fury,3.beard cure tower air,4.voice king pure engineer,68,音标,u i e u,的练习,一抄写音标，一个抄写,5,遍。,u,：,i,：,e,：,u,：,_,二,.,选出下列没有相同发音的词。,()1.mouth coat goat window,()2.dear beer cake teacher,()3.pair boy air hare,()4.poor tour Europe cry,()5.boat bike side fly,三,.,写出单词或音标。,nuz,said i kau pe,pu bt,wu:d,go ear,photo deer near nose hear,五,.,把下列单词与音标用线连起来。,ruz,theater,it rose,skwe tour,tu square,pleisiz places,Practice,69,辅音,爆破音：,ptk bdg,摩擦音：,f v s z ,破擦音：,tr dr ts dz t t3,鼻辅音：,m n,舌侧音：,1,）出现在元音之前叫作清晰舌边音,2,）出现在辅音及单词末尾时叫作模糊舌边音,半元音：擦音中气流较弱，摩擦较小，介于元音跟辅音之 间的音,w j,3,h r,辅音音标,70,Lesson 6,辅音音标,p b t d,练习,辅音音标,p b t d,练习,71,72,p,发这个音的字母和字母组合,p pp,p:piano panda parrot pet ship,sheep pig stop,pp:apple happy,根据发音规则，圈出没有发,p,的,单词。,1.ship phone sleep pear,2.pick pen big pineapple,3.taxi parrot sheep pig,4.panda pony pet truck,73,74,b,发这个音的字母和字母组合,b bb,b:book ball bird big boy bag,banana,bb:rubber rabbit cabbage,根据发音规则，圈出发,b,的,2,个,单词。,1.cab gift beach love,2.pet god tub bed,3.weather boy bus make,4.rabbit read dress baby,75,76,t,发这个音的字母和字母组合,t tt,t:table tea taxi cat rat fat ticket,Tt:butter matter,根据发音规则，圈出没有发,t,的,1,个,单词1.taxi fat bag toy,2.hat ticket tea duck,3.pocket packet cat rain,77,78,d,发这个音的字母和字母组合,d ed,d:duck seed door desk day red,head bed read cold,ed:smiled opened played,根据发音规则，圈出没有发,d,的,1,个,单,词。,1.bed clothes hand,2.dog cold five,3.dance duck grape,79,音标,p b t d,练习,一抄写音标，一个抄写,5,遍。,p,：,b,：,t,：,d,：,_,二,选出下列没有相同发音的词,()1.pear ship coat pig,()2.taxi bean cab cabbage,()3.hat sea ticket wallet,()4.seed dance hand full,()5.pick pen sit pineapple,()6.cold find door chair,()7.cloth purple pool push,()8.eat fan quiet set,三,.,写出单词或音标。,pnd kt di:p klaud,apple pear rabbit read,四,.,改变下列单词的一个字母，使它变成另一个单词。,short_(,衣物,)sea_,（感官动词）,pet _(,蔬菜,)ten_(,动物,),80,Lesson 7,辅音音标,k g s z,学习,辅音音标,k g s z,学习,81,82,k,发这个音的字母和字母组合,c k ck,c:cap cook cup car can class,k:cook milk key desk kite cake,ck:clock sock cock neck,从下列单词中找出一个发,sk,的,单词。,1.cake car desk neck,2.mask rock ink clock,3.disk truck silk duck,83,84,g,发这个音的字母和字母组合,g gg,g:glass golf get girl bag goat,flag,gg:egg,根据发音规则，圈出发,g,的,单词。,gas drive gum give violin bag,jeans orange log bridge guess,tank grade long language,85,86,s,发这个音的字母和字母组合,s c ss ce,s:star sun snake sea see,c:pencil city cedar ceiling celebrate,ss:grass glass class boss,ce:face race rice nice,根据发音规则，圈出每组中,2,个发,s,的,单词。,1.whose juice lick student,2.those case scarf shoes,3.space nose science meat,4.tears piece bus nose,87,88,z,发这个音的字母和字母组合,z s se,z:zero zebra zoo,s:bags photos sisters,se:nose rose,根据发音规则，圈出每组中,2,个发,z,的,单词。,1.zoo freeze lick case,2.game play busy shoes,3.dog nose rose meat,4.tears peanut eagle zero,89,音标,k g s z,的练习,一抄写音标，一个抄写,5,遍。,k,：,g,：,s,：,z,：,_,二,.,将下列没有相同发音的词找出来,()1.car stay neck clock,()2.gas give drive bag,()3.sea boss rice cook,()4.lick zoo rose zero,()5.tears freeze desk busy,三,.,写出单词或音标。,rais,nuz sneik gra:s,_ _ _ _,glf gla:s kk ki:,_ _ _ _,leg cake rice mouse,_ _ _ _,nose bag get kite,_ _ _ _,90,四,.,把下列单词与音标用线连接起来。,socks gigl,giggle gust,ghost sks,face ti:z,cheese feis,五,.,根据翻译提示。,（,1,）,Daisy is the desk on dancing Miss.,_Daisy,小姐正在桌子上跳舞。,（,2,）,name sneik is My.,_,我的名字叫做蛇。,（,3,）,a bi:Im busy.,_,我是一只忙碌的小蜜蜂。,91,Lesson 8,辅音音标,3 t d3,练习,辅音音标,3 t d3,练习,92,93,发这个音的字母和字母组合,s sh,s:sugar sure,sh:ship sheep wash cash shop she,根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中发,的,2,个单词。,1.shell ship watch desk,2.truck shirt skirt ship,3.brush carrat sheep sleep,4.hero shape street shelf,94,95,3,发这个音的字母和字母组合,s,s:televi,s,ion,u,s,ually,A,s,ia,mea,s,ure a gara,g,e,an unu,s,ual colli,s,ion;a great deci,s,ion;,my plea,s,ure,根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中发,3,的,2,个单词。,1.shell ship garage desk,2.truck shirt pleasure ship,3.brush casual sheep sleep,4.hero shape leisure shelf,96,97,t,发这个音的字母和字母组合,ch tch,ch:teacher peach cherry chair,tch:watch match,根据发音规则,找出下列单词中发,t,的单词，并抄下来。,chair dumpling beach cheese,night she monkey,China church these flower egg,dream shark chick catch,98,99,d3,发这个音的字母和字母组合,g j dge,g:ginger giraffe,j:jump job jam,ge:orange cabbage cage,根据发音规则,圈出下列单词中发,d3,的单词。,egg giraffe dragon grass cabbage job,gift gate orange drug jeans gun,100,音标,3 t d3,练习,一抄写音标，一个抄写,5,遍。,：,3,：,t,：,d3,：,_,二,.,选出下列具有相同发音的单词。,()1.shell watch ship see,()2.shell pleasure sick treasure,()3.chair China Monkey dream,()4.job gift door cabbage,()5.grass chick start jeans,三,.,写出单词或音标。,d3,m,pi:t ip w,_ _ _ _,fish sheep she catch,_ _ _ _,peach chick shoes watch,_ _ _,_,101,Lesson 9,音标,f v ,的练习,音标,f v,的练习,102,103,f,发这个音的字母和字母组合,f ff ph gh,f:five fan flower fish four leaf,ff:giraffe,ph:phone elephant photo,gh:laugh,选出下列单词中不发,f,的单词，写在横,线上。,knife flower foot fish pick get,photo giraffe laugh leaf,independent,独立自主,104,105,v,发这个音的字母和字母组合,v ve,v:video vase vest,ve:five love violin,根据发音规则,在不发,v,的单词上打,violin move vote window,van volcano white woman,victory wet wave vase,106,107,发这个音的字母和字母组合,th,th:three thin third teeth mouth,根据发音规则，圈出不发,的单词。,1,father three maths thirsty,2.mouth throat Thursday brother,3.think thirsty mother thousand,4.thin thick they teeth,108,109,发这个音的字母和字母组合,th,th:father mother brother clothes,weather,根据发音规则，圈出每组中发,的,1,个单词。,1,than sister brother three,2.weather thank night good,3.tie look teeth they,4.thin father throat watch,110,音标,f v ,的练习,一抄写音标，一个抄写,5,遍。,f,：,v,：,：,：,_,二,.,将下列没有相同发音的词找出来,()1.foot knife pick fish,()2.window move vote vase,()3.three fan thousand thin,()4.father them brother watch,()5.finish van fool fat,三,.,写出单词或音标。,br,keid3 vest he kk ti:,zi:p la:f five seven foot,fat mouth thirty three father,四,.,选出下列每题中有几种读音。,A.,一种,B.,二种,C.,三种,D.,四种,()1.foot room leaf vase,()2.vest five like love,()3.ship pea pick hike,()4.thumb cut brother mother,()5.they thin maths mouth,111,Lesson