人教版高一英语必修一unit3知识点、练习含答案.doc

必修1 Unit 3　Travel journal

Ⅰ.词义搭配
1．transport　　　A．to get a degree
2．prefer B．to make sb.do sth.by giving them good reasons
3．graduate C．the way that you think or feel about
something
4．persuade D．timetable
5．schedule E．decide something
6．Determine F．an unfavorable condition
7．attitude G．to choose sth.rather than sth.else
8．disadvantage H．carrying goods from one place to another
Ⅱ.短语填空
ever since，be fond of，care about，give in，make up one's mind，change one's mind
1．Nowadays more and more children ________________playing computer games.
2．At first she promised to attend my wedding，but later she________________.
3．He ________________nothing but money，not even his parents and friends.
4．It is always the husband who ________________first when a quarrel breaks out between the young couple.
5．Karen couldn't ________________whether to leave him or not.
6．She has worked as a nurse ________________3 years ago.
Ⅲ.句型背诵
1．It_was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends.
首先想到沿湄公河从源头到终点骑车旅游的是我的姐姐。
2．Although she didn't know the best way of getting to places，she insisted_that she organize the trip properly.
虽然她对去某些地方的最佳路线并不清楚，她却坚持要自己把这次旅游安排得尽善尽美。
3．When I told her the_air_would_be_hard_to_breathe and it would be very cold，she said it would be an interesting experience.
当我告诉她那里空气稀薄，呼吸困难，而且天气很冷时，她却说这将是一次有趣的经历。
4．Once she has made_up_her_mind，nothing can change it.
她一旦下了决心，什么也不能使她改变。
5．We were_surprised_to learn that half of the river is in China.
得知一半的河流位于中国，我们很惊讶。

1．Which kind of transport do you prefer_to use：bus or train？(P17)
你更喜欢哪种交通工具，公交车还是火车？
(1)transport n. & vt.运输，运送
I normally travel by public transport.
我出门通常乘坐公共交通工具。
A helicopter was used to transport the wounded.
一架直升飞机被用来运送伤员。

①transport...(from...)to...把……(从……)运到……
②transportation(美)＝transport(英)运输，交通工具

It took all day to transport the furniture to the new apartment.把家具搬到新居用了整整一天。

transport/traffic

transport
作“交通”讲时，实指运输工具。
traffic
作“交通”讲时，指街上的行人、车马，着重指数量的多少。故在“交通拥挤，交通事故”中，“交通”都用traffic一词。
【教师备课资源】　
trans­为前缀，意为“进入另一处或状态”。例如：
translate v．翻译
transplant v．移植；移栽
transfer v．转移
transform v．把……转换成；变换

选词填空：transport，traffic
①My husband is using my car，so I have no means of ________.
②________is interrupted in many places.
③We ran out of gas right in the middle of the main street and blocked ________.
(2)prefer vt.更喜欢；选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)；宁愿
Of the two opinions，I prefer the former.
这两种意见中我倾向于前一种。
A/The majority of people seem to prefer TV to radio.
大部分人似乎喜欢看电视而不喜欢听收音机。

prefer＋

　I prefer walking alone.
我比较喜欢一个人溜达。
I should prefer you to wait for me at the bus stop.
我宁愿让你在那个汽车站等我。
Would you prefer that I come on Monday instead of on Tuesday?
你是喜欢让我星期一来而不是星期二来吗？
I prefer to go to the movie theatre rather than watch MTV.
比起MTV，我较喜欢去电影院看电影。

用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
④He prefers ________(have)a car of his own.
⑤We prefer you ________(finish)the work by yourself.
⑥Tom prefers to meet his friend at the station rather than ________(wait)here.
⑦My husband prefers staying at home watching TV to ________(go)shopping with me.
⑧I prefer that you ________(keep) the secret for me.
⑧keep
2．disadvantage n．不利条件，不便之处
Think about the advantages and disadvantages of each form of transport and fill in the following chart.(P17)
考虑一下各种交通方式的有利和不利条件然后填入下列图表中。
It is a disadvantage not to be able to drive a car.
不会开汽车是不便的。
It put him at a great disadvantage.
这使他处于极其不利的地位。
①at a disadvantage处于不利地位
under disadvantage在不利的情况下
②advantage n．优势，优点，好处
take advantage of利用

Sato was at a disadvantage.佐藤处于不利的地位。
They labored under the disadvantage of not having enough money.他们苦于得不到足够的资金。
The Chinese team enjoyed the height advantage.
中国队占有身高优势。
I mean to take advantage of it.我想好好利用它。

完成句子
众所周知，每一样东西既有优点又有缺点。我们应该充分利用它的优点来尽量避免它的不利方面。
As we all know，everything has ______and ________.We should ________________its ________to try our best to avoid its________.
3．ever since从……以后
Ever since middle school，my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip.(P18)
从中学起，我姐姐王薇和我就一直梦想着进行一次伟大的自行车之旅。
此处since为介词。
Ever since then，he comes out only at night.
从那以后，他只在夜间出来。
He has been working away without a rest ever since breakfast.
他从吃早饭之后，就一直在不停地干。

ever since常见用法：
①作介词，后接表示时间的名词，常与现在完成时或现在完成进行时连用。
②作副词，单独使用，在句中作时间状语，常与现在完成时或现在完成进行时连用。
③作连词，引导时间状语从句，主句常用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。

　I've been so sorry ever since.
从那以后我一直感到内疚。
Her father has been down­and­out ever since the factory closed.
自从工厂关闭后，她的父亲一直贫困潦倒，灰心丧志。

①ever since要与现在完成时连用，有时候根据语境还可用现在完成进行时，也可将ever省略只用since(可用作连词和副词)。
②与ever since类似的时间状语还有so far，up till now，by now，recently，lately，since last month，in/for the past＋一段时间，since...ago等。

完成句子
①从那时起，我每天都练习打篮球。
________________，I have practised playing basketball.
②自从我们在学校认识以来我们一直是朋友。
We've been friends_______________________________________________________.

4．persuade vt.说服，劝说
Two years ago she bought an expensive mountain bike and then she persuaded me to buy one.(P18)
两年前她买了一辆很贵的山地车，然后她说服我也买了一辆。
He tried to persuade her but failed.
他试图说服她，但是没有成功。
No matter how hard we tried to persuade him，he wouldn't listen.
无论我们如何努力去说服他，他也不听。

persuade＋

　I'll persuade him to join our club.
我将劝他加入我们的俱乐部。
How did you persuade your father into lending us the money？你是如何说服你父亲借给我们钱的？
They couldn't persuade him of their sincerity.
他们无法使他相信他们的诚意。
【提示】　persuade意为“说服，劝服”，advise“劝说，(不一定)说服”。
【对接高考】　
(2012·全国卷Ⅰ)If she doesn't want to go，nothing you can say will________her.
A．persuade　　　　　　B．promise
C．invite D．support

完成句子
①不要被说服买你并不需要的东西。
Don't let yourself _____________buy things you don't really want.
②我们最终使本相信这个决定是明智的。
We finally________Ben ________the wisdom of this decision.
5．graduate vi.毕业n.大学毕业生
After graduating from college，we finally got the chance to take a bike trip.(P18)
大学毕业后，我们终于有了骑自行车旅行的机会。
He was a graduate of the University of Hawaii.
他是夏威夷大学的毕业生。
We shall graduate in less than a year.
我们用不了一年就要毕业了。

①graduate from...毕业于……(学校)
graduate in...毕业于……(专业)
②graduation n．毕业；毕业典礼

　What university did you graduate from?
你从哪所大学毕业的？

介词填空
①Only thirty students graduated ________Chinese last year.
②He is a dance learner who will graduate ________school in two years.
6．schedule n．时间表；进度表vt.为……安排时间；将……列入计划(或时间表)
Now she is planning our schedule for the trip.(P18)
现在她正在为我们的旅行制订计划。
All these activities gave him a full schedule，but somehow he managed.
所有这些活动使他一天忙到晚，但他还是顶下来了。
George always falls behind his schedule.
乔治老是不能按时完成计划。

①ahead of schedule提前
on schedule按时间表，准时
②be scheduled for预定为
be scheduled to do sth.预定做某事

The first part of the project was completed two months ahead of schedule.
第一期工程提前两个月完工。
He is scheduled to leave for London next Monday.
他预定下星期一动身去伦敦。

完成句子
①新桥提前两年落成。
The new bridge has been finished two years________________________.
②面试时间安排在明天早上10点。
The interview ________________________10：00 a．m.tomorrow.
7．Although she didn't know the best way of getting to places，she insisted that she organize the trip properly.(P18)
虽然她对去某些地方的最佳路线并不清楚，她却坚持要自己把这次旅游安排得尽善尽美。
主句中谓语动词insist意为“坚持要求；坚决主张”，后接宾语从句，宾语从句要求用虚拟语气，省略了should。
I insist that you take immediate action to put this right.
我坚决要求你立刻采取行动把事情处理好。

①insist表达“坚持一种说法、看法或事实”时，宾语从句则不用虚拟语气。
②insist还可用作不及物动词，意为“坚持；坚决主张意见等”，其后常接介词on/upon。

If you insist on leaving now，please go ahead.
你一定要走，那就请便吧。
I insist that he is correct.
我认定他是正确的。

用所给动词的适当形式填空
①The teacher insisted that his students ________(finish)their homework alone.
②He insisted that he________(do)nothing wrong.
③She insisted on your ________(say)“sorry” to her in public.
8．care about关心，忧虑，惦念，在乎
Of course she hadn't；my sister doesn't care about details.(P18)
当然，她并没有看过；我姐姐是不在意细节问题的。
He doesn't care about his clothes.他不在乎衣着。
And it makes me feel good that you care about us.
你关心我们大家这使我太高兴了。

①care for照管，关心，喜爱，想要
care to do sth.愿意做某事，想要做某事
②take care注意，当心
take care of照顾；负责
with care当心；仔细地

　I wonder whether they will care for us.
我想知道他们是否喜欢我们。
He had other people to take care of besides me.
除我之外，他还要照顾别人。
The box of eggs was marked “With Care”．
这个鸡蛋盒标上了“小心”字样。

介词填空
①Jim cares________nobody but himself.
②The old man doesn't care ________the songs on the radio.
③The only thing that he cares ________is money.
④Who will care ________the old woman?
⑤The children are taken care ________in the nursery.
9．She gave me a determined look—the kind that said she would not change_her_mind.(P18)
她给了我一个坚定的眼神——这种眼神表明她是不会改变主意的。
(1)determined adj.坚决的；有决心的
I'm determined to succeed.
我决心要获得成功。
Is she a very determined woman?
她是一位意志很坚定的女性吗？

determine
be determined to do sth.决定做某事

　We determine to fulfill the task ahead of time.
我们决定提前完成任务。
The exam results could determine your career.
考试成绩可能会决定你的前途。
Tomorrow she shall determine whether to go abroad or not.明天她必须决定是否出国。

①The ________look on his face showed that he had enough confidence in himself.
A．surprised B．puzzled
C．excited D．determined
(2)change one's mind改变主意(决定、看法)
I soon realized that I could not make him change his mind.我很快意识到我无法使他改变想法。

make up one's mind下决心，决定
keep...in mind记住
fix one's mind upon把注意力集中在……

I can't make up my mind whether to come or not.
我拿不定主意是否要来。
It is not easy to keep in mind what you have told me.
记住你告诉我的话并不容易。

完成句子
②毕业后他们决心到农村安家落户。
After graduation，they________________to go and settle in the countryside.
③你问我的时候，我正打算改变主意。
I'm just going to ________________when you ask.
④要记住，在你这个年纪喝酒是违法的。
__________drinking alcohol at your age is illegal.
10．When I told her the air would_be_hard_to_breathe and it would be very cold，she said it would be an interesting experience.(P18)
当我告诉她那里空气稀薄，呼吸困难，而且天气会很冷时，她却说这将是一次有趣的经历。
the air would be hard to breathe是“主语＋be＋形容词＋不定式”结构，其中the air是breathe的逻辑宾语，不定式作状语修饰形容词。常用于此结构中的形容词有：difficult，hard，easy，comfortable，pleasant，interesting，exciting等。
A man so difficult to please must be hard to work with.一个如此难以取悦的人一定很难与之共事。
The box seemed heavy to carry.
那个箱子好像提起来很重。
【提示】　在此结构中，不定式不能用被动语态而要用主动语态；若不定式中的动词是不及物动词，需有与之搭配的介词。
【对接高考】　
(2012·辽宁高考)This machine is very easy ______.Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.
A．operating B．to be operating
C．operated D．to operate

完成句子
①这把椅子坐上去很舒服。
The chair is very comfortable________.
②这个问题在两小时内不容易解决。
The problem is not easy________in two hours.
【答案】　①to sit on　②to solve
11．Once she has made up her mind，nothing can change it.(P18)
她一旦下了决心，什么也不能使她改变。
once在该句中是连词，引导条件状语从句，意为“一旦；一……就……”。
Once you have taken the examination，you will be able to relax.你一旦考完试就可以轻松一下。
Once(it is) found，any mistake must be corrected.
一旦发现任何错误就必须加以改正。
Once (it is)gone，perhaps you will never get it back.
一旦失去什么，也许你再也找不回来。
【对接高考】　
(2010·北京高考)________they decide which college to go to，students should research the admission procedures.
A．As B．While
C．Until D．Once

完成句子
①一旦你做出承诺，你就应该兑现它。
________________________________________________________________________，you should carry it out.

②你一到达那儿，就要给我打电话。
________________________________________________________________________，you'll call me.
12．give in投降；屈服；让步(与to连用)；呈交，交上
Finally，I had to give in.(P18)
最后，我只好让步了。
Bloggs was at last forced to give in.
布罗格斯终于被迫投降。
Please give in your examination papers now.
现在请交上试卷。

give away赠送；泄露；出卖
give off放出；散发出(液体、气体、气味、热量、能量、光、声音等)
give out分发；用完，消耗尽，筋疲力尽
give up放弃，戒掉；停止；认输；把……送交给
give way to给……让路；对……让步

　Don't give away my secret.不要泄露我的秘密。
The apples give off a very sweet smell.
这些苹果散发出非常香甜的味儿。
Our food supply at last gave out.
我们的食物终于用完了。
At no time should you give up studying.
在任何时候你都不应该放弃读书。

介、副词填空
①He gave ________large amounts of money to the people in need.
②I have given ________expecting him to change.
③After a month their food supplies gave ________.
④He will soon give ________because he can't win the game.
13．attitude n．态度；看法
An attitude is what a person thinks about something.(P19)态度是一个人对某件事情的想法。
Let us examine our attitude towards peace itself.
我们先来检讨我们对和平的态度。
He has a positive attitude towards life.
他对生活持有积极的态度。

attitude to/towards sb./sth.对……的看法/态度

　They adopt a strong attitude towards this matter.
他们对这件事采取强硬态度。

As you get older，your________towards the matter will change.
A．point B．idea
C．attitude D．sight

1．boil vi. & vt.(液体)沸腾；(水)开，煮沸，烧开
This was even more exciting to see than the rapids where the water seemed to boil.(P20)
这比看到仿佛沸腾了的急流更加令人激动。
Water boils at 100 degrees centigrade.
水在100摄氏度沸腾。
We were advised to boil the water before drinking it.
有人建议我们把水烧开再喝。

boiling/boiled

boiling
形容词，表示“沸腾的”。
boiling point沸点。
boiled
形容词，表示“煮过的，煮熟的”。
boiled eggs煮熟的鸡蛋。

选词填空：boiling，boiled
①Don't touch the ________water，and it will burn you.
②The ________water is cold now.Perhaps it has frozen.
2．A determined person always tries to finish the job，no_matter_how_hard_it_is.(P20)
不管困难有多大，一个有决心的人总是尽力完成工作。
本句中的no matter how hard it is是让步状语从句，意为“不管它有多难”。
No matter what you do，you must do it well.
不管做什么，你都得做好。
No matter where you work，you can always find time to study.无论你在哪里工作，你都能找到时间学习。

①no matter是连词，意为“不管；无论”，它需要和what/who/which/when/whose/where/how等特殊疑问词一起引导让步状语从句。句子的语序为：no matter how/what，etc.＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语部分。
②no matter how/when/where/what/who/whom/which引导状语从句时可以相应的转换成however，whenever，wherever，whatever，whoever，whomever，whichever。

　She has the window open，no matter how/however cold it is outside.
不管外面多冷她都开着窗户。
No matter when/Whenever you decide to go，I would keep you company.
无论你决定何时去，我都会陪着你。
【对接高考】　
(2012·湖南高考)________ hard you try，it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.
A．However　　　　　B．Whatever
C．Whichever D．Whenever

完成句子
①I'll be your true friend，________(无论发生什么)．
②________(无论何时我探望他)，he is busy with his research work.

观察下列句子，体会现在进行时的用法。
①We are waiting for you now.
②Now she is planning our schedule for the trip.
③She is learning to swim recently.
④Where are we going?
⑤When are we leaving and when are we coming back?
[自我总结]　
1．现在进行时表示此刻正在进行的动作。如：句________。
2．现在进行时还可表示现阶段正在进行而说话时不一定正在进行的动作。如：句________。
3．现在进行时有时可以表示按计划或安排即将发生的动作，这种现在进行时比较生动，给人一种期待感。如：句________。

现在进行时表将来
一、现在进行时的含义
现在进行时表示将来主要用于表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作或事件。这种用法给人一种期待感，常表示最近或较近的将来。
二、用现在进行时表示将来的动词
1．表示位置转移的动词，如arrive，come，get(to)，leave，return，start，travel，take off，fly，see off等。
A law to help those in need is starting.一项旨在帮助困难群众的法律就要启动。(进行时表示将来)
When is the speaker arriving？演讲者何时到来？(进行时表示将来)
2．表示趋向性的动词，如do，buy，meet，have，play，spend等，此时句中一般要有表示将来的时间状语。
We are playing basketball after class.
下课后我们要打篮球。(计划将要发生)
They are spending their next summer holiday in Guilin.
下个暑假他们要在桂林度过。(计划将要发生)
三、其他几种将来时态的表达形式
1．shall/will do表示单纯的将来。will do还表示临时打算做某事。
—Mr.Wang is ill in hospital.
王先生生病住院了。
—Oh，I'll go and visit him tomorrow.
哦，我明天要去看他。
2．be going to do表示现在的打算、意图；也可表示预料在最近的将来会发生的事。
I am going to be a doctor.
我即将成为一名医生。