被动语态讲解(课堂PPT).ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Passive voice,复习课：被动语态,1,各种时态的被动语态结构,:,1.,一般现在时态的被动语态结构,:am/is/are+vt,过去分词,2.,一般过去时态的被动语态结构,:was/were+vt,过去分词,3.,含有情态动词的被动语态结构,:,情态动词,+be+vt,过去分词,4.,一般将来时的被动语态结构,:will/shall+be+vt,过去分词,5.,现在进行时态的被动语态结构,:,am/is/are+being+vt,过去分词,6.,过去进行时态的被动语态结构,:,was/were+being+vt,过去分词,7,.,现在完成时态的被动语态结构,:have/has been+vt,过去分词,2,The boy,broke,the glass,.,The glass,was broken,by,the boy,.,如何从主动语态变为被动语态？,1.,主语 介词,by,宾语,2.,谓语 加,be,并变为过去分词,3.,宾语 主语,3,主动语态和被动语态对照表,时 态,主动语态,被动语态,1,一般现在时,do/does,am,/,is,/,are,+,过去分词,2,一般过去时,did,was,/,were,+,过去分词,3,一般将来时,will+,动词原形,will+,be,+,过去分词,4,过去将来时,would+,动词原形,would+,be,+,过去分词,5,现在进行时,am/is/are+v-ing,am/is/are+,being,+,过去分词,6,过去进行时,was/were+v-ing,was/were+,being,+,过去分词,7,现在完成时,have/has+,过去分词,have/has+,been,+,过去分词,8,过去完成时,had+,过去分词,had+,been,+,过去分词,9,含情态动词,情态动词,+,动词原形,情态动词,+,be,+,过去分词,4,1.,They,make,shoes,in that factory.,主语,+,及物动词,+,宾语,Shoes,are made,(by them)in that factory.,一般现在时：,am/is/are +,过去分词,各种时态变为被动语态,5,2.,They,bought,ten computers,last term,Ten computers,were bought,(,by them,)last term.,一般过去时：,was/were+,过去分词,6,Tom will clean the room tomorrow.,主,谓,宾,The room,will be cleaned,by,Tom,tomorrow.,一般将来时：,will be+,过去分词,7,3,Amy,can take good care of,Gina,Gina,can be taken good care,of,by Amy.,情态动词：,can/may/must/should+be+,过去分词,8,5.,Some workers,are painting,the rooms,now,The rooms,are being painted,by some workers,now.,现在进行时：,am/is/are+being+,过去分词,9,7,I,was doing,my homework,at 8:00 last night,My homework,was being done,(,by me,)at 8:00 last night.,过去进行时：,was/were+being+,过去分词,10,6,We,have made,twenty more keys,Twenty more keys,have been made,by us,.,现在完成时：,have/has+been+,过去分词,11,请将下列主动语态变成被动语态,1.Lucy bought some fruit.,Some fruit _ _ _ Lucy.,2.Uncle Wang waters the flowers every day.,The flowers _ _ _ Uncle Wang every day.,3.Did they build the bridge in 1998?,_ the bridge _ in 1998?,4.When did Lu Xun write these books?,When _these books _ _ Lu Xun?,5.The farmers dont grow apples on the farm.,Apples _ _ on the farm.,6.They didnt clean the classroom yesterday.,The classroom _ _ yesterday.,was bought by,are watered by,Was,built,were,written by,arent grown,wasnt cleaned,12,带情态动词的被动语态,1.You can do the work all by yourself.,The work _ _ _ all by yourself.,2.We must plant more trees.,More trees _ _ _.,3.We should dig a large hole.,A large hole _ _ _.,4.Can we put our bikes here?,_ our bikes _ _ here?,5.You mustnt throw rubbish here.,Rubbish _ _ _ here.,6.We cant see many stars.,Many stars _ _ _.,can be done,must be planted,should be dug,Can,be put,mustnt be thrown,cant be seen,13,在被动语态中要注意的问题,一、使役动词,(let,have,make,等,),或感官,动词,(see,hear,watch,等,),在主动语态中,后面接的动词不定式省略,to,，改为被动语态,时一定要补上,to,。如：,The boss,makes,the workers,work,all day.,The workers,are made,to work,all day by the boss.,I,saw,him,enter,the house.,He,was seen,to enter,the house by me.,C.We,hear,her,sing,in the room every day.,She,is heard,to sing,in the room every day.,14,注意,当使用,see/hear/watch sb doing sth,时，变为被动语态时，,doing,不变。,如：,I saw him going into the shop.(,主动,),He was seen going into the shop.(,被动,),15,主动语态,被动语态,使役动词,make sb do sth,sb be made,to do,sth,have sb do sth,sb be had,to do,sth,let sb do sth,sb be let,to do,sth,感官动词,see sb do sth,sb be seen,to do,sth,watch sb do sth,sb be watched,to do,sth,hear sb do sth,sb be heard,to do,sth,notice sb do sth,sb be noticed,to do,sth,go,16,1.Toms father bought him a book.,He _ a book by his father.,A book _ _ him by his father.,二、带双宾语的动词有两种改法,:,1.,把指人的宾语作为被动句的主语,.,2.,当把直接宾语物作为主语时，要加介词,to,for,was bought,在被动语态中要注意的问题,was bought,for,17,pass,show,send,此类动词有：,buy,be bought,for,如,：,give,be given,to,此类动词还有：,draw,，,make,cook,mend,18,He gave me a beautiful present.,I,was given,a beautiful present by him.,A beautiful present,was given to,me.,19,感官动词,(,hear,see,watch,feel,notice,等,),和使役动词,(,let,make have,等,),在主动语态中后接不带,to,的动词不定式,但是改为被动语态时,把,to,加在动词原形之前,.,They made the boys,work,12 hours a day.,The boys were made,to work,12 hours a day.,We often see him,go,for a walk by the river.,He is often seen,to go,for a walk by the river.,20,1.The teachers often make us read books in the morning.,We,are often made to,read books in the morning by the teachers.,2.We noticed him talk with my brother just now.,He,was noticed to,talk with my brother just now.,3.We saw her help Tom when we enter the room.,She,was seen to,help Tom when we enter the room.,4.I made him stop while he was doing the work.,He,was made to,stop while he was doing the work.,21,3,主动句中含有宾语补足语句子的被动语态,:,把人变为主语,Mother told me not to be late.,I,was told,not to be late by mother.,I saw mother planting flowers in the garden.,Mother,was seen planting,flowers in the garden.,22,必背！,动词短语变被动语态，后面的介词不能丢。,take care of,be taken care of,cut down,be cut down,laugh at,be laughed at,look after,be looked after,Speak to,be spoken to,Hand in,be handed in,23,4,短语动词的被动语态,I can,take good care of,the baby.,The baby can be,taken good care of,.,We should speak to the old politely.,The old,should be spoken to,politely.,24,The rain,stopped,.,The soup,tastes,delicious.,stop,taste,在句中是不及物动词，后面不能直接带宾语，因此不能变为被动语态。,不及物动词（,vi.),不能用于被动语态。,happen,take place,appear,disappear,belong to,break out(,爆发）,25,e.g,.,A traffic accident _(happen)just now.,happened,2.,连系动词,（,Link.v.),不用被动语态,。如：,be,look,seem,feel,sound,smell,taste,get,turn,become,e.g,.,Peking Opera _(sound)beautiful.,sounds,3.,当此动词表示事物的自然属性的时候，,不用被动语态。,e.g.,The pen _(write)very fast.,writes,This kind of sweater _(sell)well.,sells,26,三、汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“有人说”、“大家说”等时。例如：,It is said that,one day he climbed to the top of a house and,It was reported that,her mother died of SARS.,众所周知,It is well known that,据推测说,It is supposed that,27,Practice:,1 Must I pay for it at once?,_ it _ _ _ at once?,2 We will build a new lab.,A new lab _ _ _.,3 They arent stopping the traffic now.,The traffic _ _ _ now.,4 How long have you kept the book?,How long _ the book _ _?,Must,been,paid,for,will,be,built,isnt,been,stopping,has,been,kept,28,5 If your homework _(do)well,you may go to play.,6 Mr.Green was seen _(grow)trees.,7 The blackboard was _(look)carefully by the students.,8 The ship model _ be _(make),in two days.,is done,to grow,looked at,will,made,29,1.-Did you go to Jims birthday party?,-No,I _,(,北京2003,年中招试题,),A.am not invited B.wasnt invited,C.havent invited D.didnt invited,2.To make our city more beautiful,rubbish _,_,into the river.,A.neednt be thrown,B.mustnt be thrown,C.cant throw,D.may not throw,(,重庆,2003,年中招试题,),中招名题回顾,B,B,30,考点聚焦,1,、主动语态为动词原形作宾语补足语。,The workers were made,12 hours a day n the old days.,A.work B.to work,2,、主动语态的谓语为短语动词。,Their homework,half an hour ago.,A.was handed in B.was handed,A,B,31,3.You may go fishing if your work_.,(,河北,2003,年中招试题,),A.is done B.will be done,C.has done D.have done,4.We are told _ everywhere.Its our duty to keep our school clean.,(,辽宁,2003,年中招试题,),not to make much noise,B.to throw waste paper,C.to draw,D.not to spit,A,D,32,1.-What do you think of the football match yesterday?,-Its surprising.The strongest team _.,A.was beaten B.won C.scored D.was failed,2.I wont come to the party unless Sue_.,A.will invite B.invites C.invited D.is invited,3.What are on show in the museum?,Some photos _ by African children.,A.are taken B.have been taken,C.taken D.were taken,4.The boy _,_,study at home by her last Sunday.,A made B was made C was made to D made to,中招模拟,A,D,C,C,33,4.The trees must _ three times a week.,A.water B.is watering C.be watered D.waters,5.Another new building _last month near my school.,A.was built B.built C.has been built D.is built,6.A new bridge _ over the river next year.,A is built B will build,C will be built D will built,7.TV and radio programes _ the other side of the world with the help of the satellites.,A can send to B can send on,C can be sent to D can be sent on,C,A,C,C,34,3.In summer meat and fruit _for a long time.,A cant be kept B doesnt keep,C is not kept D isnt keeping,4.These films _ by young children.,A should not seen,B shouldnt be seen,C should be not seen D should see,5.The piece of music great.,A sounds B sounded C is sounded D is sounding,6.It _ in a small village last month.,A happened B was happened,C happen D had happened,A,B,A,A,35,2.Our classroom should _ clean and tidy.,A was kept B be kept C is keep D have kept,3.No letter _ since you left for Shanghai.,A have received B have been received,C had been received D has been received,4.Im afraid you cant go in.The room_.,A is painted B has painted,C is being painted D is painting,6.The girl _singing when we passed by.,A heard B was heard C was heard to D heard to,B,D,C,B,36,3.My new pen _ well.,A writes B is writing C is written D was writing,4.A lot of money _ spent on books.,A has B have C has been D have been,5.Another bridge_set up over the river in 6 years.,A is being B will been C will be D has been,6.My bike _ for 3 days.,A is mended B has been mended,C hasnt be mended D is being mended.,7.-Why,you are wet all over!,-I _just now and I rushed all the way here.,A caught the rain B was caught in the rain,C caught a rain D was caught by a rain,37,3.We are told that these books _ to the library.,A can be returned B may return,C must be returned D must returned,4.This kind of medicine _ after supper.,A should take B should be taken,C should be eaten D should eat,5.A talk on Chinese history _in the school hall next week.,A is given B has been given,C will give D will be given,6.He _ go into the room just now.,A saw B was seen C was seen to D saw to,38,39,