学术英语综合课后答案季佩英.doc

Unit 1
Language building-up
Task 1/Specialized vocabulary
1. 饲料经销商；饲料批发商
2. 为他自己的收益而工作
3. 技能与劳动力
4. 制造塑料
5. 私人交易
6. 包装并定价
7. 无形之手
1. priced
2. labor
3. transactions
4. gain
5. labor; manufactured
6. invisible hand
7. distributor

Task 2/Signpost language
1. Today, in millions of homes across the nation, God will be thanked for many gifts, for the feast on the table and the company of loved ones, for health and good fortune in the year gone by, for peace privilege of having been born, or having become — American(Line 2, Para.1).
2. And yet, isn't there something wondrous, — something almost inexplicable in the way your Thanksgiving weekend is made possible by the skill and labor of vast numbers of total strangers? (Line 1, Para. 4)
3. ...Thanksgiving Turkey, there would be one, — or more likely, a few dozen— waiting. (Line 3, Para.6)

Task 3/Formal English
1. very many 2. buying or selling
3. a large group of 4. more huge
5. understand 6. troubled

Unit 2
Language building
Task 1:
Part 1:
1)无形之手；
2） 自由企业制度
3）股东
4）经济体制
5）开发产品和服务
6）市场力量；市场调节作用
7）金融机构
8）严重衰退
9）破产
10）mission
11）stock price
12）corporate motto
13）assets
14）maximize profits
15）financial system

Part 2：
1)market forces
2）financial institutions
3）free enterprise system
4）deep institutions
5）invisible hand
6）stockholder
7）profit maximization
8） economic system
Task 2：
1.and；
2.Another；
3. also；
4. Not only； but；
5. other
Task 3
1. understanding；
2. agree with；
3. forces… to be accepted;
4. bad
5. purpose
6. charitable ;
7. given;
8.famous.

Unit 3
Language building
Task 1 collocation
Part 1:
1) 充满敬畏与感激；
2） 与外部世界隔离
3）陷入绝境
4）易感抑郁
5）恢复体能
6）界定性特征
7）暂时的挫败
8）不因挫败而心烦意乱
9）竞选权位
10）吹着欢快的曲调

Part 2：1)bout 2）validated
3）squabble 4）aptitude
5）platitude 6）debilitate
7）reassuring 8） undermine
9）ruminate 10）martial
Task 2：
1.contrasting；
2.in contrast；
3. However；
4. different；
5. on the other hand
6. in the opposite way
7.however
Task 3
1. full of；
2. becomes alert and energetic
3. keeping thinking about
4. been left in hopelessness
5. likely to suffer from
6. not disturbed
7. saying something that people are quite familiar with
8. officially approved

Unit 4
Language building
Task 1: collocation
Part 1:
1. green movement
2. protected areas
3. extinction of animals and plants
4. wild fish stocks
5. make clean power
6. save resources
7. 培育生物多样性
8. 控制污染
9. 阻止对生态体系的破坏
10. 扩大清洁产业
11. 集体世界观
12. 生态经济
Part 2：1. Embedding a narrative that moves us on from protecting nature from people to protecting nature for people is an essential part of this reframing. (Para.6)
If such a narrative is to gain practical effect, then looking after nature must urgently be seen as not only an environmental challenge, but also an economic one. (Para.7)
The author manages to bring in a new topic and maintain coherence by repeating keys words such as narrative, nature.
2. So long as we continue to travel in two directions at once, promoting environmental goals on the one hand while on the other directly contradicting that with measures to achieve more economic growth, the longer we will fail to make real progress. (Para.7)
When it comes to economics and ecology there is plenty of good thinking already done. (Para.8)
The author manages to bring in a new topic and maintain coherence by repeating key words such as economic, economics.

Task 3 Formal language
1. unchangeable; increasing
2. control
3. effort; charitable
4. pleasant detail
5. complicated
6. change
7. Changing
8. important

Unit 5
Language building
Task 1: collocation
Part 1:
1. having a mind
2.behave as if you understand
3.what and how we know 4.inside;reflects

Mentalist D
behaviorist B
Epistemologist A
phenomenologist C
Part 2
1. psychological
2.spiritual
3.behaviour 4.phenomenologist
5.perplexity
6.mentally

Task 2：
…,classified…
This class of…
The class of…
…a less severe label…
The huge class

Task 3
1. what we imagine about computers today
2.we have broken the distinction between ???
3.for the sake of convenience so that it is easier to refer to the first type of response
4. you have the same reason for thinking that M had a mind.
5. (The reason you believe your mother has a mind is based) not on your prejudice
6. as groundless as believing that computers have mind

Unit 6
Task 1: Specialized vocabulary
Part 1
1. 数学化，数字处理
2. 计算机辅助设计
3. 统计
4. 基因组学
5. 运筹学
6. 优化组合
7. 概率
8. 数据库

Part 2：
1. database
2. CAD
3. statistics
4. probability
5. optimization
6. genomics
7. mathematization
8. Operations research
Task 2：
1. Here are a few simple examples of prescriptive mathematics that extended from single numbers to exceedingly complex systems:…(Line 1,para.8,Text A)
2. Admittedly this is rather vague, but it will clarify a bit as I go on and mention a few of the many examples that Baker gives:…(Line 8, para.10 Text A)
Task 3 Formal language
1. exists
2. included
3. explained
4. model
5. get
6. environment
7. knowledgeable person; in which
8. until now
9. fix ideas of (caution) in one’s mind

Unit 7
Task 1: Specialized vocabulary
Part 1
1. -h
2.-f
3.-a
4.-j
5.-i
6.-b
7.-d
8.-g
9.-c
10.-e
Part 2：
1. To achieve professional development isimportant as a means to the end of becoming an expert and gaining more flexibility and independence
2. Numerous studies over the last 30 years have suggested that personality is a powerful predictor of a person's life satisfaction
3. An employee's work orientation is shaped in the first instance by their understanding of “what work is about”
4. The government is trying to introduce new measures to create a better social safety net and encourage better worker pay
5. Money has been used as the incentive of many intelligence contests in TV program
Task 2：
1. The present perfect tense（现在完成时） emphasizes that people’s conception about what money can bring them has changed greatly
2. The tense switches from the present to the past to manifest that an example is given
3.The tense switches between the present and the past to produce a comparison of different interpretations of a “calling”in different times

Task 3 Formal language
1. pour heart and soul into :spare no efforts,try one's best
what will stimulate\encourage a worker to try his best in making good products?

2. lure：temptation
grueling：working exhaustedly
People are no longer so tempted by the dream of becoming rich by working exhaustedly 80 hours a week for several years in a humble position

3. lowly job：humble job
recrafted： turned
He might be doing a humble job， but he would turn it into a great mission

4. entails：requires
A career requires more devotion to work

5. contributing to：being beneficial to
connotation：implication
People who regard their work as a calling\great mission think that what they do helps serve the public and brings benefits to our society， and therefore it's quite proper to say that a mission\calling implies something similar to religious beliefs

Unit8
Task 1 Specialized vocabulare

1. cultural tradition 文化传统
2. social stability 社会稳定
3. distinct identity 鲜明特色
4. edge effect 边缘效应
5. organic evolution 有机界进化
6. mutual respect 相互尊重
7.political correctness 政治正确性

1.organic evolution
2. mutual respect
3. Edge effect
4. social stability
5. political correctness
6. cultural tradition
7. distinct identity

Task 2 Signpost language
1. Through; through; through
2. not just; but
3. first
4. second
5. next
6. final
7.not only; but also

Task 3 Formal English
1. develop
2. combined
3. skillful performers
4. obvious
5. friendly
6. getting rid of
7. combine
8. changed
9. imagine
10. a large number of

Unit 9
Task 1 Specialized vocabulary
1 D 医疗
2 J 基因分型
3 F 内窥镜检查
4 A 生物技术
5 H 诊断
6 C 分子的
7 I 治疗方案
8 E 医生
9 G 外科医生的；手术的
10 B 胶囊

1 diagnosis
2 surgical
3 Biotechnology
4 healthcare
5 protocols
6 molecular

Task 2 Signpost language
1 known as
2 referred to as
3 call
4 describe
5 mean

Task 3 Formal English
1 increases
2 marked
3 arrival/ coming
4 replaced
5 move away
6 filled

Unit 10
Task 1 Specialized vocabulary

1 b
2 k
3 f
4 j
5 g
6 i
7 e
8 c
9 h
10 a
11 d

1 syntactic patterns
2 Language faculty
3 neural system
4 underlying logic
5 evolutionary adaptation
6 formal instruction
7 mental organ
8 natural selection

Task 2 Signpost language
1 for
2 led to
3 because
4 Therefore
5 Therefore
6 because; because
7 So

Task 3 Formal English
1 explanation/interpretation; impacts
2 is present all over; analyze/explain/interpret