Unit-4-Fun--oh--boy--fun--you-could-die-from-it.练习答案综合教程三.doc

Unit 4 Fun, Oh, Boy, Fun, You Could Die from it.
Key to the Exercises

Text comprehension
I. Decide which of the following best states the author's view on fun.
C

II. Judge, according to the text, whether the following statements are true or false.
1. T (Refer to Paragraphs 5 to 10.)

2. T (Refer to Paragraph 7.)
3. F (Refer to Paragraphs 11 and 12. Big occasions like Christmas, wedding days, and honeymoons are supposed to be fun; however, they are not necessarily occasions of fun as the author points out in Paragraph 12 that "not much is (fun).")
4. T (The statement suggests that fun does not only come from playing or enjoying oneself on weekends but also from working and the fulfillment of one's duty during weekdays.)
5. F (When saying that those days made her really regretful that she had to grow up, Jordan is not lamenting over the passage of the innocent childhood days. Instead, with this example, she aims to elucidate the essence of fun.)

III. Answer the following questions.
1. Refer to Paragraphs 2 and 5. Most people believe that fun is and should be readily available whenever they want it. If there isn't fun, they would make fun, or if something is not fun, they would make it fun. In a word, they deserve fun which is within their reach.
2. Refer to Paragraph 10. Advertisements, or TV commercials, help to develop the modern fun fetish by setting examples and showing how much fun we should have got from consuming all the items being advertised.
3. Refer to Paragraph 14. Jordan was twelve when she, as she remembers, had an especially wonderful time. She had a fun night to look forward to that day and she had lots of candies and her friend kept imitating a sailor's posture and words. All these were simple forms of fun yet appealing to a girl of twelve. More importantly, she was a simple, innocent girl without a dulled and insatiable appetite for fun; that is why she could feel the fun of simple joys.
4. The author employs the technique of negation -- i.e. defining a term through showing what it is not -- in defining the concept of fun. Fun, according to Jordan, is not a family visit to Disney World; neither is it celebrating big occasions. Fun is in simple pleasures of life which lie rather in one's work and the fulfillment of one's duty.
5. An open question; answers may vary.

IV. Explain in your own words the following sentences.
1. Nowadays, people believe that they can have fun whenever they want it, and that they should have fun; otherwise they would be leading a dull and bitter life as a puritan.
2. We have long assumed that fun was easy to have, but now we are paying a price for that shallow-mindedness i.e., our party is hardly as much fun as it is expected to be.

Structural analysis of the text
Paragraph 12 is the turning point where the writer switches from negation to affirmation. With the last three paragraphs presented mostly affirmatively, the tone is thus turned from irony to matterof-factness.

Rhetorical features of the text
Here is another example: "Think of all the things that got the reputation of being fun. Family outings were supposed to be fun. Sex was supposed to be fun. Education was supposed to be fun. Work was supposed to be fun. Walt Disney was supposed to be fun. Church was supposed to be fun. Staying fit was supposed to be fun." (Paragraph 6) The underlined part in the quotation displays the repetition of the pattern: "?was supposed to be fun," which shows, by way of illustration, how one might spare no effort to find fun in everything.

Vocabulary exercises
I. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.
1. we would be morally too strict with ourselves to enjoy life
2. that made all other questions less significant
3. counting fun as the most important quality of life
4. the best example of having fun
5. by nothing more than simple exposure

II. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word taken from the box in its appropriate form.
1. overshadows 2. traipse
3. fetish 4. flunked
5. swilling 6. flicked
7. epitome 8. licentiousness

III. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words.
1. insured 2. undeserved
3. generosity 4. benefits
5. regrettable 6. mirthful
7. blasphemy 8. reverence

IV. Fill in the blank(s) in each sentence with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocation taken from the text.
1. turn into
2. occurred to
3. end up
4. step up
5. pay, back
6. look forward to
7. look for
8. managed to

V. Give a synonym or an antonym of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used.
1. Synonym: excursion (jaunt)
2. Synonym: failing
3. Antonym: irreverently (disrespectfully, contemptuously)
4. Synonym: advertisements
5. Synonym: quintessence (embodiment)
6. Antonym: grief (sadness, melancholy)
7. Synonym: profane (revile)
8. Synonym: examine (scrutinize)

VI. Explain the underlined phrasal verbs in your own words.
1. drew attention to 2. represents
3. fully explain 4. challenged by
5. support 6. bored
7. be well understood 8. visited

Grammar exercises
I. Use the words in brackets to link the cause and effect in the following sentences.
1. Since everybody says Woody Allen's latest film is good, I think I'll go and see it.
2. All of us were very excited because the departure was approaching.
3. The excitement will be so great that nobody will be able to sleep.
4. As Mr. Jordan liked Morocco very much when he first went there, he wants to go there again.
5. This album of Bruce Springsteen sounds exciting, so we are thinking of buying it.
6. My wife coughed a lot last night. As a result, she is thinking of giving up smoking for a while.
7. Seeing that the students were not interested, Professor Jones ended the seminar.
8. I feel much better now that I've talked to you.

II. Make sentences, linking the openings on the left with the conclusions on the right. Use the linking expressions in the middle.
1. New investment has been made in order that roads can be improved.
2. Being late, she took a taxi so as not to lose time.
3. Audiovisual equipment is often used for language learning.
4 She never walked through the park for fear that she might meet him again.
5. She decided to move to London so that she could be near her child.
6. She'll be at the airport in order to meet the new tourist group.
7. Take your passport in case they ask for identification.
8. She goes to work by bus to avoid using the car.

III. Correct the errors, where found, in the following sentences.
1. it all happened→did it all happen
(When "So+adverb/adjective" begins a sentence, we should use the inverted order.)
2. because→because of
(Because of is used before a noun, gerund or noun phrase while because before a clause.)
3. guarantee→guaranteeing
(Here thereby introduces an ing-clause.)
4. such shock→such a shock
(Shock here is singular, so an article is needed.)
5. For he had no convincing explanation for his actions, they found him guilty.
→They found him guilty for he had no convincing explanation for his actions.
(We usually don't place the for-clause at the sentence initial position.)
6. learnt→could learn
(The adverbial clause of purpose introduced by in order that usually contains a modal.)
7. about it→about that it
(In the construction so?that, so is a modifier and a that-clause acts as a qualifier.)
8. in order that they→in order to / in order that they could

IV. Complete the following sentences with the words and phrases in the box.
1. such ... that
2. thus
3. in that
4. With
5. so ... that
6. Owing to
7. for
8. Seeing that

V. Complete the following letter with the appropriate forms of the verbs given.
should/would like have ... heard
would ... suit doesn't apply
won't get saw
had/was ... left/leaving said
was going promised
(had) found have heard
don't know went
know should/would be
would phone have tried
doesn't seem

VI. Make sentences of your own after the sentences given below, keeping the italicized parts in your sentences.
1. e.g. This machine is not supposed to make so much noise.
He was supposed to be a college graduate but he doesn't seem to have any knowledge of history.
2. e.g. I was having such a wonderful time that I didn't want to leave.
There was such a big crowd at the movie house that we had to wait half an hour before we could get in.

Translation exercises
I. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.
1. “好玩吗？”这一问题已经使得其他一切问题相形失色，比如说：“道德吗？”“仁慈吗诚实吗？”“有益吗？”“慷慨吗？”“有必要吗？”和(我最喜欢的)“无私吗？”等一些有意义的问题。
2. 当寻乐变成生活的主要内容，接踵而来的必定是对乐趣的迷恋崇拜。
3. 坐等快乐来临的时候，我突然想到，其实这没啥好玩的，我得跟你们说一下，免得你们担心自己无力消受。
4. 多年来，我们一直认为快乐无处不在，快乐之神因此报复我们，拒绝光临我们的聚会。

II. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and phrases given in brackets.
1. It goes without saying that Shakespeare overshadows all the other playwrights throughout the ages.
2. The Great Gatsby is commonly deemed as the epitome of the Jazz Age of the last century in America.
3. It is advisable for you not to put a damper on his enthusiasm to further his studies at Harvard.
4. Young people tend to make a fetish of glamorous stars in sports and entertainment circles.
5. They traipsed all the way to the downtown area to watch the National Day fireworks display.
6. He does not deserve such a severe punishment as he has committed neither serious errors nor grave crimes.

7. Every time I met him, he would talk a whole lot of nonsense.
8. Reputation is a trap into which many people are ready to fall.

III. Translate the following passage into Chinese.
有些人认为，生活中乐趣胜过其他一切事情。他们甚至从不考虑严肃的事，不考虑这事是否合乎道德，是否关乎诚信或是否实属必要等(而只关心是否好玩)。当然，许多事确实有乐趣。全家郊游有乐趣，打场篮球有乐趣，喝着咖啡聊天有乐趣。但是如果你把找乐子看成生活中必不可少的东西的话，你必然会用越来越刺激的方法来为自己提供乐趣，典型做法是玩更险的，要么喝更多酒精。你不应亵渎乐趣，否则，不管你如何努力，就是没有乐趣。这就是“过”的代价。正确的方法是带着一份敬意来看待乐趣，这样，你时常可以感受到一点新鲜的乐趣。

Exercises for integrated skills
I. Dictation script
The first of April is commonly known as April Fools' Day/ and it's a custom on this day/ to play a trick on a friend./ You do this by causing your friend to believe something/ that isn't true./ If your friend falls into the trap,/ then he or she is an April fool./ This strange custom has been observed/ by both children and adults for centuries./ Its origin is uncertain/ and may once have been cruel./ But today the tricks and practical jokes are harmless/ and played mostly for fun./ Usually April Fools' jokes are played on friends and colleagues/ but sometimes they are played on a wider scale./ One serious national newspaper/ reported on a new machine/ to transport passengers from London to Australia in ten minutes./ Another published a four-page survey/ of a nonexistent island in the Pacific./ And even on BBC television news/ there was an item/ which showed a kind of Italian noodle/ being harvested from trees.

II. Fill in each blank in the passage below with ONE word you think appropriate.
(1) as (2) hands
(3) go (4) up
(5) industries (6) or
(7) include (8) on
(9) provided (10) aim