Book3unit1语言知识点.doc

Book 3 unit 1 语言知识点
一、单元词汇拓展
1．____________ n. 庆祝；庆贺→ ____________ vt.庆祝；歌颂
2．____________ vi. & vt.(使)饿死；饿得要死→ ____________ n．饥饿；饿死
3．____________ n．信仰；信心；信念→ ____________ vt.相信；认为
4 ____________ n. 独立；自主→____________ adj. 独立的；自主的
5．_________ vt. & vi. n．搜集集合；聚集 6___________ vt.授予,判定 n. 奖；奖品
7．__________vt. & vi.淹没；溺死；淹死 8．___________n．诡计；恶作剧；vt.欺骗；诈骗
9．．_________vt.钦佩；欣赏→_admiration n．钦佩；欣赏→ adj.令人钦佩的
10．___________ adj.充满活力的；积极的→__energy__n．能量；活力→__________adv 11．____________ n．衣服 (总称)→____________ n. 衣服(pl.)
12． adj. 宗教上的；信奉宗教的；虔诚的 → religion n．宗教信仰
`13 n．起源；；起因 → original adj.原始的；最初的→_________ (adv. )起初；原来
14____________ n．愚人；白痴；受骗者→____________ vt. 愚弄；欺骗 & vi. 干傻事；开玩笑 →____________ adj. 傻的；愚蠢的
15．____________ n．许可；允许→____________ vt.允许；许可
16．____________ n．(汽车等)停放→____________ n．停车场→___________ vt.停放
17．____________ vi.道歉；辩白 → _apology________ n． 道歉；歉意
18．____________ adj. 明显的；显而易见的→____________ adv. 明显地；显而易见地
19．____________ vt.提醒；使想起→____________ n．提醒者；提示；令人回忆的东西
20．____________ vt. 原谅；饶恕→____________(过去式)→____________(过去分词)
21 sad adj.悲伤的→ adv 悲伤地→ n. 悲哀；悲伤

2, 活学活用——用所给词的适当形式填空
1．Della's eyes were full of at the news and she looked at her husband. (sad)
2．You are not to leave here without his . (permit)
3．His English filled us with . (admire)
4．Tom was a boy full of and he did everything . (energetic)
5．You'd better to Jimmy. Of course, is not the only way but the most direct one .(apologize)
6．It is surprising that there are still many people in the world to death each year, that is, many people die of . (starve)
7. It is _________ thought to be a plant of Africa, but no one knows exactly the ______ of this plant, because we don’t have any ________ material about it. (origin)
3. 单词自测 （用正确的单词形式填写）
1．This story ____使想起) me of my childhood.
2．They got lost in the desert and ________（饿死） to death.
3．My father told me he hadn't much ____________ (信任)in doctors of traditional Chinese medicine.
4．I am now ____________ (收集) convincing information for my paper.
5．.We ____________ （钦佩） the old scientist for his contribution to the country. He was ____________ (钦佩) as a true scientist and hard worker.
6．He knew I was _____________ (充满活力的) and would get things done.
7．You should ________ 道歉）to your teacher for coming late．
8．More and more ____________(农业的) products are being shipped abroad.
9．It was ____________(显然) to everyone that the child had been badly treated.
10．AIDS became widespread in the 1980s, but no one is certain of its ____________(源头)．
11 He won the _______ （奖项）for the best student of the year．
12 Please _________（提醒）me to write to my mother tomorrow.
13 He has____ （获得） rich experience in these years.
14. She has lost her _______（信仰） in God.
15. They entered the area without ___________ (允许).

4. 重点短语必背. (自己用下列短语每个造一个句子)
1． 　　发生 2． 纪念；追念

3． 盛装；打扮；装饰4． 搞恶作剧；诈骗；开玩笑
5． 期望；期待；盼望 6． 好像
7． 玩得开心 8． 出现；到场
9． 守信用；履行诺言10． 屏息；屏气
11． 出发；动身；使爆炸12． 使……想起……
13． 别挂(电话) 14.日夜；昼夜；整天 _____________
15. 对……有害 _____________________________

5.从Page1-2 Reading 课文中划出下列短语并翻译成英语
1） festivals and celebrations 2）since ancient times
3） have many origins 4）honour the dead
4） 5）satisfy the ancestors 6）do harm (to)
7）clean graves 8) light incense
9) lead the ancestors back to earth
10) in memory of 11) on this important feast day 12) in the shape of skulls
13）offer sth. to sb. 14）old beliefs
15）the spirits of dead people 16）dress up
17）play a trick on sb. 18）a national festival
19) gain its independence 20) the agricultural work
21) decorate …with… 22) win awards for
23) admire the moon 24) look forward to
25) lucky money 26) day and night
27) colourful clothing of all kinds
28) celebrate the return of Jesus 29) be covered with
30) as though 31) be proud of
6. 重点词汇学习
1. Festivals are meant to celebrate important times of year.
1) mean to do 意欲, 打算,想要做某事
eg, I regret saying that to you. But I didn’t mean to hurt you.
Eg, I had meant to call you, but my cell phone was out of battery.
2)mean sb./sth. to do 意欲,打算,想要某人/某物做某事
Eg, I thought you meant me to go with you.
Eg, China means Chang’e Project to explore the moon.
3) mean doing意味着做
Eg, Missing the bus means waiting for another one hour.
4) sb./sth. be meant to do…
Eg, Chang’e Project is meant to explore the moon.
Eg, Christmas is meant to bring people together.
a. （主语）被人期望做···=be intended to···
In China high school students are meant to work hard and go to college.
b. 指由命运，能力等所“注定”“就该”或由父母决定
eg, He believes that he is meant to be a great man.
Eg, Books are meant to be read.

2. celebrate vt. 庆祝，祝贺, 后常接日期,事情或场合
in celebration of =for the celebration of 为了庆祝，为了祝贺
eg, They held a grand party to celebrate their ten years’ wedding anniversary
eg, People usually put on their best clothes for the celebration of the Spring Festival.
词语辨析：celebrate, congratulate
celebrate后常接日期,事情或场合 + Christmas / one’s birthday / a victory
congratulate后常接人 , 表示为某事而祝贺某人 congratulate sb. on/upon sth.
e.g.：I congratulate you on your marriage.
有时还表示私自庆幸的意思。
e.g.：I congratulated myself on my escape from being punished.
I offered my congratulations on his success.

3. They would starve if food was difficult to find,…
sb/sth + be + adj. + to do
不定式所表示的动作用形容词所表达意义作出评价，
不定式与其前面的主语在逻辑上含动宾关系，常用主动形式表示被动含义。
如果不定式为不及物动词，其后应加上相应的介词。类似的形容词有：
light, heavy, difficult, hard, easy, interesting, dangerous
eg, The book was interesting to read.
Some people are hard to satisfy.
The house is comfortable to live in.
The man is pleasant to work with.
e.g.1) English ________________in a short time. 英语难以在短时间内学好。(learn)
2) The problem ___________________ 这个问题很难算出来。(work)
3) My boss__________________________ 我的上司很容易相处。 (get)
4. starve vi.饿死；挨饿；渴望；极需要vt.使饿死；使挨饿
(1)starve for sth.　　　　 极需要…… starve to do sth. 渴望去做……
starve to death 饿死 starve sb.into ... 以饥饿迫使
(2) starvation n. 饥饿；挨饿；饿死 starving adj 饥饿的。受饿的
die of starvation 饿死 starvation wages 刚够糊口的工资
1） 现今，世界上仍然有很多人饿死。
2） 他渴望能再见她一面。
3） 学生极需要他们老师和家长的关心和理解。

.5 .…, or satisfy the ancestors,…
satisfy: v.满足；使满意satisfying /satisfied adj令人满意的 /使人满意的 n. satisfaction
satisfy sb./ sth. _____________________
be satisfied with sb./ sth. _________________
be satisfied to do sth. ____________________
e.g. 1) The colours of the picture quite____________. 这幅画的色彩很悦目。
2) She ___________________anything but the best. 她事事都要最好的方才罢休。
3) We ___________get a timely answer 得到及时的回答，我们感到满意。
6 in memory of 纪念。。。追念。。。 （ 作状语）
。in favour of　　支持；赞同；对某人有利 in face of 面临；面对
in honour of 为纪念……；祝贺……；为了向……表示敬意
in charge of 负责；掌管 in search of寻找 in praise of 歌颂。。。
活学活用——选用上述词语填空
They built a monument those who died in the great earthquake.
②There is a party tonight our new headmaster.
③Are you or against the plan?
4） 端午节是为了纪念伟大的诗人屈原的。

7… because they think that this will lead the ancestors back to earth.
Vt, 通向，带路，导致 , 使。。。
lead sb. to + some place ____________________
lead sb to do sth. ___________________
lead to + n./v-ing ________________________
1) This street________________________. 你沿这条街走就可以到达车站。
2) What ______________________it ? 什么使你相信它？
3)____________________________. 条条大路通罗马（殊途同归）
4)____________________________, ______________________________.
勤奋就能成功，而懒惰导致失败。
8) 1) dress sb / oneself
Eg, The boy is old enough _____________ （ 自己穿衣服）
They got up late this morning. The mother ____________（给小孩穿衣服）in a hurry.
2) sb be dressed in + 衣服 或表示色彩的词
那位年轻的女士经常穿着白色的衣服 The young lady is often dressed in white.
3) dress (oneself) up in sth / as sb 化妆打扮成。。。。。。
Eg, They __________________Victorian clothes. 他们化装成维多利亚时代的人。
Eg, The children tried to________________________. 孩子们极力地打扮成超人。
Eg, in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.
A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed
9) gain vt. 获得；得到 n．获利，利益
gain confidence / strength/ experience 获得信心/ 力量/ 经验
gain one’s respect/ love/trust 获得某人的尊敬 /爱戴 /信任
gain sth. from. . . 从……处获得某物
No pains，no gains. [谚语]不劳无获。 /一分耕耘， 一分收获。
The gain is greater than the loss. 收益大于损失。
Eg, ①He _______ ________ ________ __________ in teaching in these years.
这些年他已获取了丰富的教学经验。
②The stepfather finally______ _______ _________ _______ .
这位继父终于获得了孩子们的尊重。

10. admire vt. 赞美；钦佩；羡慕 + sb /sth
(1)admire sb.for sth. (sb’s sucess/ gift/ talent / spirit / bravery /courage)　因某事羡慕某人
(2)admiration n. 钦佩；赞美；羡慕
express/have admiration for sb./sth. (表示)羡慕/钦佩某人/物
in / with admiration 钦佩地；羡慕地
(3)admirer n. 赞赏者；羡慕者；追求者 (4)admiring adj. 赞赏的；羡慕的
①他有一份令人羡慕的工作，所以我很羡慕他。
②I have to Liu Xiang his persistence.
我不得不佩服刘翔那种坚韧的精神。
③I'd like to the courage and uncomplaining spirit of the wounded.我对伤员们的勇敢和毫无怨言的精神表示钦佩。
② 我钦佩他那绝妙的幽默感。 （3种表达法）
1）I admire him for his fine sense of humor.
2）
3）
11. look forward to 期望，盼望， to 为介词，后面接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。
含介词to的常用动词短语还有：
be/get used to　　　　　　习惯于 stick to 坚持
lead to 导致 object to 反对
contribute to 促成；是……成因之一 get down to 开始认真做……
pay attention to 注意 belong to 属于。。
turn to 转向。。。。。 get down to 开始认真干
point to 指向…. refer to 谈到，涉及, 查阅
come to 共计，苏醒 add to 增添，添加，
be accustomed to 适应….. devote…to…献身于， 专心….
Eg, ①I’m looking forward to ___________(see)you again. 我盼望再次见到你。
②The day we have been looking forward to _____ ______at last.
我们一直期待的日子终于来了。
③我们一直盼望的那个好消息终于到来了。_____________________________________________________________

12. … looks as though it is covered with pink snow.
It looks as though Tom is not coming today. ( 陈述语气)
看来汤姆今天不会来了。
as though引导方式状语从句或表语从句多用虚拟语气如果表示与现在事实相反，从句的谓语用__一般过去__时态，be动词用_ were_____; 若与过去事实相反，从句的谓语则用__过去完成时__。若与将来事实相反，从句的谓语则用 would +V原
Eg, He treated Mary_________________________他对待玛丽好像亲生女儿一样。
Eg, She looks_________________________________
她看上去像是已经知道了全部秘密。
e.g. He opened his mouth as though ______________________.
他张开嘴好像要对我说话。
Eg, She looks as though she ____________ (not sleep) very well last night.
Eg, Mrs li treated her students as though they _________(be) her own children.

13．apologize vi.道歉
(1) apologize to sb. for (not doing / doing) sth 因(做)某事向某人道歉
apologize to sb.＋that 从句 向某人道歉….
(2) make an apology to sb. for sth 因某事向某人道歉
accept/refuse one‘s apology 接受/拒绝某人的道歉
① You must apologize to your teacher being so rude.
= You must so rude.
你太无礼了，必须向你的老师道歉。
②I must sooner to your letter.
我未能及时给你复信，必须向你道歉。

4．remind vt.提醒；使想起
remind sb. of sth./sb.　　　提醒某人某事/ 使某人 想起某人/ 某事
remind sb. ( Not )to do sth. 提醒某人不/ 做某事
remind (sb.) that /how / what 从句　提醒……
①This ________ ___ __ what we did together during our holiday.
这使我想起在假期里我们一起所做的一切。
②______ _______ _____ _______Alan before I go out.
提醒我在出去之前给艾伦打个电话。
③Passengers are reminded that no smoking is allowed on this train.
旅客们请注意，本次列车禁止吸烟。
4) She my promise. 她提醒我不要忘了自己的承诺。
5) She I hadn't written to Mother.(她提醒我还没有给母亲写信。
6) 这些照片让我想起我们一起度过的日子。
7） 读完这篇文章后，这个故事使我想起了我的一次相似的经历。
After reading this passage, this story reminds me of my similar experience .
8) 这个故事让我想起了我的同学，他过去不喜欢英语.
___________________________________________________________________
5．forgive (forgave, forgiven) vt.& vi. 宽恕；饶恕；原谅
1) forgive me　　　　　 请原谅；对不起
forgive one's doing sth. 原谅某人做了某事
forgive sb.for (doing) sth. 原谅某人(做了)某事
① , Mr.Zhang, but it is not my fault.
对不起，张先生，不过那不是我的错。
② I'll never ____ what you have done to your parents.
我永远也不会原谅你对父母所做的一切。
8．hold one's breath屏住气；屏息
take a deep breath ＝ breathe deeply 　　深呼吸
lose one's breath　　　 喘不过气来
out of breath 上气不接下气；喘不过气来
catch one‘s breath 喘口气；歇口气；恢复正常呼吸
①He , not daring to make any sound.
他屏住气，不敢弄出一点声响。
②Calm down and 深吸一口气，平静下来。

③Reaching the top of the tower, he was .
到了塔顶，他就上气不接下气了。

练习8. 完成下列句子
1. 读完这个故事后，我非常钦佩作者的勇气和精神。
After reading this story, I _______the author ________his bravery and spirit very much.

2.自从2009年以来，我们学校发生了很大的变化。
great changes_____ ______ ______in our school since 2009.

3. 拿别人开玩笑是没礼貌的。
It is not polite to _____ _____ _____ _______ others.

4. 她答应参加我的生日晚会，但直 到现在还没有出现。
She promised to attend my birthday party, but so far she ______ ______ ______.
5. 他总是守信用的，这让我很信任她。
He always ______ _____ _____, ______ makes me trust him.
6. 读完这个故事后，它让我想到我中学时的经历.
After reading this story, it ______________________________________________.
7. 今天你必须因你的错误向我道歉，否则我永远不会原谅你的。
Today you must ____________________________________, or I won’t never _________you.
8.小李提醒我要守信用。
Xiaoli _______ _______ ________ ______ ______ ________.

9. 毕业后，他渴望找到一份好工作，这使他极需要她家人和朋友的帮助。
After graduation, he _________________________, _______makes him _____ ______ helps from his family and friends.

10.这次大会的举行是为了纪念一位英雄。
_____________________________________________________________________

11. 你应该打扮一下去参加新年聚会和玩得开心。
____________________________________________________________________

12. 我盼望着快点收到你的来信。
_______________________________________________________________________________
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