仁爱版英语七年级下Unit7topic3知识清单.doc

仁爱版英语七年级下Unit 7 知识清单
Topic 3
一，重点句型
1. Did you hurt yourself?
2. What happened to Michael at the party?
3. How could you lie to me?
4. Why didn’t you tell me the truth?
5. I won’t do it again.
6. It’s your turn.
7. Where is the washroom? —This way, please.
8. He performed some magic tricks.
9. We made the cards by hand.
10. Kangkang made a wish and then blew out the candles.

一般过去时的概念
一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如：last year, yesterday，three days ago等；也可表示过去经常反复发生的动作，常和often, always等频率副词连用。

(1). 一般过去时结构
1). 肯定句: 主语+谓语动词的过去式+其它, 谓语动词不随人称的变化而变化。
Eg:She saw a film last week.
2). 否定句:主语+didn’t +动词原形+其它。
Eg:He didn’t have breakfast this morning.
3). 一般疑问句: Did + 主语 + 动词原形+其它 ?
简单回答: Yes, 主语+did. / No, 主语+ didn’t.
Eg:Did you go to the zoo last Sunday?
Yes, I did./ No, I didn’t.
4). 特殊疑问句: 疑问词 + 一般疑问句?
Eg:What did you do yesterday?

(2). 用法
1). 表示过去的动作或存在的状态
Eg:They had a birthday party last Friday.
2). 表示过去经常反复发生的动作
Eg:He went home and then sat down.
3). 实义动词的一般过去式也可与today, this week / morning 等时间状语连用
但动作必须到说话时已经结束。
Eg:I went to the airport this morning.

(3) 一般过去时常见的时间状语（标志词）
last+week/month/year/时间段+ago, at the age of+数字，yesterday,
when---was---years old, just now, a moment ago等。

1、enjoy 用法
（1）enjoy 动词。喜欢，欣赏，享受……的乐趣，后面接名词、代词动名词。
Eg: Thanks for the great evening. I really enjoyed it .
I enjoy watching TV.
（2） enjoy oneself = have a good/great/nice/wonderful time
( oneself 必须与主语相对应)
Eg: They all enjoyed themselves at the party.

（3） enjoin +sth. 喜欢某物 Eg： He enjoyed English.
enjoy +doing sth. 喜欢做某事 Eg: I enjoying playing basketball.
enjoy + oneself =have a good/nice/wonderful time 过得高兴,玩得开心

2、It’s your turn.轮到你了。
It’s one’s turn to do sth. 该某人干某事了。
Eg: 1) It’s your turn to clean the classroom.
It’s your turn to sing a song.
Whose turn is it to cook?
take turns to do sth / in doing sth. 轮班或依次做某事。
Eg: 2) We take turns to clean the classroom.
They took turns to look after the old man for two years.

3、What’s the matter? =What’s wrong? = What’s up?
I missed the chair and fell down. 我没坐到椅子上，摔倒了。

4、fell 是fall的过去式，意为“落下，跌倒”； fall down ----fell down
(1) fall behind 落后，落在……后面。
Eg: Study hard,or you’ll fall behind the other students.
(2) fall off 从……掉下来
Eg: Hellen fell off the bike yesterday. 昨天海伦从自行车上摔下来。
(3) fall asleep 睡熟；
Eg: He fell asleep when mother came back
(4) fall ill 得了重病
Eg:The old men fell ill at that time.

5、Did you hurt yourself?
hurt 受伤，疼痛。过去式：hurt
Eg: He hurt his left leg when he fell off his bike.
My knee hurts,my foot hurts and my head,too.
hurt oneself 伤了某人自己。

6、Go and wash them at once.
⑴and 连接两个动词，表示并列关系，前后两个动词形式要一致。
Eg: Go and open the door.去开门。
⑵ at once = right now =right away立刻，马上。
Eg:You must close the door at once/right now/right away.

7、 What happened to Michael at the party？
⑴ happen （偶然）发生。
Eg:What time did the accident happen?
What would happen if your parents find out.
⑵ happen to sb.（事件发生在某人身上。
Eg; I want to know what happen to Jane？
⑶What happen to sb/sth.某人或某物怎么了？ 语义相同的句式有：
What’s the matter/the trouble/wrong/up with sb/sth.

8、lie 用法
⑴lie v. 撒谎，其过去式为lied，现在分词是lying。
lie to sb.=tell a lie to sb. 向某人说谎
Eg: Don’t lie to me.
⑵ lie n. 谎言
tell lies/tell a lie/tell sb a lie.
Eg: Judy told a lie to his father yesterday.
=Judy lied to his father yesterday.
扩充： lie 作为动词时，还可以指“躺，位于”，其过去式为lay.
Eg：He lay down on the sofa and soon fell asleep.

9、 Why didn’t you tell me the truth?
⑴truth 事实，真相，实际情况。
Eg; We are all surprised at the truth of the event.
⑵ tell sb the truth 跟某人说实话，向某人坦白。
Eg: You should tell the policeman the truth if you know.

10、Everyone had a good time at the party and forgot the time,so….
⑴ everyone 每人，人人，所有人= everybody.作为主语时，谓语动词用三单形式。
Eg: Everyone is here.所有人都在这儿。
⑵ so 因此，所以，结果等，同 and、but、on一样用来连接并列句。
但so引出的句子是前一句所叙述的事件导致的结果。
Eg: I got up late this morning,so I was certainly late for school.

11、It made her father very angry.
⑴made是使役动词make的过去式，意为“使得”.
常见句式为：make sb/sth +形容词。
Eg:The news made him very happy.
⑵ angry 生气的，愤怒的。
be angry with sb对某人很生气；
be angry at sth.对某事很生气。注意区别两个短语所用介词的不同。
Eg: Xiao Ming didn’t go to school yesterday,his father was very angry with him.
小明昨天没去上学，他爸爸很生他的气。
Eg: The boy was always late for class, so his teacher was angry at this.
这个男孩上课总迟到，对此老师很生气。

12、by hand
介词by表方式，意思是“用”，后面常跟抽象名词或动名词，
构成的短语表示完成某活动的方式、途径、手段等。
Eg; He set an example to the other students by doing this.
⑴in表手段，意思是“用”，后面常跟有关语言和材料的词语。
Eg; He can sing in English.（语言）
He can write in pencil.（材料）
⑵ with 表工具，意思是“用”，后面常跟有关的工具。
Eg: We often write with pens.
We see with our eyes.

13、区分each / every 用法
⑴each of/ each one of / every one of 后接复数名词或代词，
作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。
Eg: Every one of them is going to plant trees.
⑵ each，every“每一个”
each表示一定数目中的每一个，强调个人或个别。指两者或两者以上中的每一个。
Eg: Each student is here.
every表示数目不确定的许多人或物中的每一个，强调整体。指三者或以上中的每一个
Eg: Every student is here.

14、 His parents bought lots of food and drinks for us.
food在此为不可数名词，表示食物的总称。当drink表示不同种类的饮料时可以加s。
Eg ; The supermarket sells all kinds of drinks.
buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb.为某人买某物

15、(1) make a silent wish 默默的许愿；
silent 形容词。沉默的，不做声的，寂静生物，不讲话的，不发音的
Eg: Everyone was silent as the President spoke.总统讲话时，大家都不做声。
The “h” in “herb” is silent in American English.
在美式英语中，herb中的h是不发音的。
（2）blow out 吹灭，熄灭。宾语是名词时，可放在中间也可放在后面；
宾语是代词时，只能放在中间。
Eg: Please blow out all the candles.
You can light a candle,but please blow it out before you leave.
（3）in one breath 一口气。
Eg: Rose ran to the end in one breath.罗斯一口气跑到终点。

附：不规则动词分类记忆表
1、 只改变动词的原音字母
begin — began drive — drove blow — blew come — came
drink — drank ride — rode grow — grew sing — sang
give — gave shine — shone know — knew run — ran
sit — sat write — wrote swim — swam get — got
draw — drew hang —hung forget —forgot fall —fell
hold — held

2、只改变动词的辅音字母
make — made send — sent spell — spelt spend — spent

3、动词原形与过去时相同
cost —cost fit —fit hurt —hurt let —let
put— put read —read

4、动词的过去式以ought或aught结尾
buy — bought think — thought bring — brought
teach —taught catch — caught

5、在原单词后加一个辅音字母
burn — burnt learn — learnt mean — meant hear —heard
6、去掉一个元音字母
meet — met speed — sped

7、其它
stand — stood take — took can — could lie — lay
sleep — slept keep — kept leave — left find — found
be — was/were do — did eat — ate fly — flew go — went have —had light — lit lose — lost say — said see —saw speak—spoke tell — told
wear — wore