初二英语基本时态总结及习题.doc

一、英语时态总结
时态（Tense）是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。因此，当我们说时态结构的时候，指的是相应时态下的动词形式。
英语时态分为16种：一般现在、一般过去、一般将来、过去将来时，以及这四者的进行时、完成时和完成进行时。在这里，我们重点讲解一下最常见的11种时态的用法和注意事项。
（一）现在
1. 一般现在时：
A) 表示现在发生的动作、情况、状态和特征。
eg: It is a nice day.
今天天气很好（表现在存在的状态）
B) 经常性、习惯性动作。
eg: He always helps others. （他总是帮助别人。）
C) 客观事实和普遍真理。尤其要注意，如果前后文不是一般现在时，则无法保持主句、从句时态一致.
eg: He said that the sun rises in the east.
他说过太阳从东方升起
这个句子要注意，前边虽然said是过去式，但是后边“太阳从东方升起”是个客观真理，故不需同前边一样用过去式，而用一般现在时。总而言之，记住：客观事实无论谓语的时态是什么都用一般现在时。

2. 现在进行时(be doing) 的用法：表示现在正在做的动作，但要注意短暂性动词不能用于进行时，(短暂性动词：指该动词所表示的动作一发生就立即结束，该动作不能延续，但会产生某种结果或影响，即只表示一个短暂的动作，不能表示延续状态。常见的短暂性动词如: close, die, come, go, leave, break, lose, buy, join, recieve, borrow, become, start, begin, post, arrive 等)。

（二）过去
1. 一般过去时
A) 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或情况。
eg::I went to Beijing last year.

2. 过去进行时(was/ were doing)
A) 表示在过去一个比较具体的时间正在发生的动作。
eg: I was doing my homework at this time yesterday.

B) 如果when, while这样的时间状语引导词所引导的主从句之一是一般过去时，则另一个句子常用过去进行时。
eg: I was washing my hair when you knocked at the front door.

（三）将来
1. 一般将来时
A) 基本结构是will do
B) 有些动词，如：arrive, be close, come, do, done, go, have, leave, open, play, return, sleep, start, stay等，用一般进行时表将来，并且通常与一个表示将来时间的时间状语连用，可以表示将来时。另外初一接触比较多的是be going to加动词原形
eg: My mother is coming to visit me next week and is staying here until May.

三、巩固练习
1. His father     any washing in the morning.
  A. doesn’t do      B. doesn’t      C. doesn’t does    D. doesn’t does
2. I     1000 English words last term.
  A. learn    B. learned      C. will learn    D. learning
3. when     you     the bicycle?
  A. do…bought        B. did…bought
  C. did…buy            D. do…buy
4. my brother knows London very well. He     there last year..
  A. didn’t go      B. going  C. go     D. went
5. Miss Green     free tomorrow.
  A. is     B. is going to     C. will      D. will be
6. Listen, the music     nice.
  A. sounds       B. is sounding     C. is sound       D. was sounding
7. He     early every morning from now on.
  A. gets up     B. does get up     C. does gets up     D. will get up
8. Our teacher told us that light     faster than sound.
  A. travelled      B. travels     C. was travelled    D. had travelled
9. Mr. Brown is not at home. He     to the library two hours ago.
  A. go   B. goes    C. went      D. didn’t go
10. .____more care, ___you’ll have an accident.
ATaking;or B.To take;and C.Take;or D.Take;and
11. Tom _____ his homework after breakfast.
  A. don’t   B. doesn’t   C. don’t do   D. doesn’t do
12. Jenny _____a letter to her mother three days ago.
  A. wrote    B. writes    C. write    
13. He ______ with us yesterday morning.
  A. doesn’t go swimming     B. goes swimming
  C. didn’t go swimming       D. went to swimming
14. There ______a basketball match on our school the day after tomorrow.
  A. will have   B. will be    C. is going to have   
15. ______ you ______ us a talk this afternoon?
  A. Are, giving    B. Are, given    C. Will, give    D. Were, going to give
16. Look! Li Lei _____ Jim with his Chinese.
  A. is helping  B. has helped     C. is going to help    D. would help
17. Don’t make any noise. The baby ______ .
  A. . is slept    B. will sleep    C. is sleeping
18. The students of Class 3 _____a football game now. Let’s go and watch.
 A. are having    B. will have    C. is having   D. will be had
19. How many English songs ____ you _____ last term?
  A. did, learned   B. did, learn    C. is, learned   
20. My mother _____ breakfast while I ______ my face this morning.
  A. cooked, was cooking   B. was cooking, was washing
  C. was cooking          

二、用下列动词的适当形式填空
1. He     (visit) the Summer Palace the next day.
2. —Who borrowed the dictionary? I want to use it.
   —Miss Li. She     (borrow) it
3. The old men     (die) last summer.
4. Father     (cook) when I got home.

5. Mr. Smith      (go) the factory in 1999.
6. In winter , it ______(be) not easy to get them dry.
7. They     (have) a rest in the room now.
8. It     (rain) just now,but it     (stop) now.
9. All the children     (keep) quiet though their teacher was not there.
10. The boy     (read) a story book now.