新版人教版七年级英语下册第三单元教案.doc

Unit 3. How do you get to school?

一、 考点、热点回顾
【语法】
1.交通方式表达法
（1） 用“by + 交通工具名词”表示交通方式。此时交通工具的名词只能用单数，不能用复数，也不能被冠词或物主代词等限定。如：by bike, by bus, by train, by ship, by plane
They often go home by bus.
（2） 用“by + 交通路线的位置”表示交通方式。如: by land, by water, by sea, by air
They go to England by air.
（3） 用“in/on+ 交通工具名词”。此时交通工具名词前必须有冠词、名词所有格形式或形容词性物主代词等限定词修饰。其用法与“by+ 交通工具名词”
He often goes to school on a (his) bike.
（4） 用“take a/the+ 交通工具名词”表示交通方式。
如：take a bus, take a train, take a ship, take a plane, ride a bike
Will you take a bus to go there?
（5） 表示“步行去某地”，
a) go to +某地+on foot 如： She goes to work on foot.
b) walk to +某地(walk to 后接地点副词here, there, home时，介词to 要省去)
如：He walks to school every day.
I usually walk home.
【练习】
(1). ——_____ do you get to the zoo?
——Take the bus.
A. What B. How C. Which D. When
(2). 你通常怎么到学校？
______do you usually _____ to school?
(3).——______ _____ is it ______ your home ______ the hospital? 从你家到医院有多远？
——It’s about three kilometers. 大约有3千米远。
(4) Allan will go back to England by plane next month. （就画线部分提问）
_____ _____ Allan go back to England next month?

2.不一样的“到达”：get to, reach, arrive in/at
get 是不及物动词，当后面接 表示地点的名词时应和介词to连用，但如果是接here, there 等地点副词时，应省略to.
reach是及物动词，后面可以直接跟名词
arrive是不及物动词，后面接大地点时，用arrive in, 接小地点时,用arrrive at. 但当接here, there 等地点副词时，不用介词。
【练习】
(1) With the help of the Internet, news can _____ every corner of the word.
A. arrive B. reach C. go D. get
(2) They arrived ______ London on the morning of July 2nd.
A. at B. in C. on D. to
(3) They _____ the station at 7:00 yesterday morning.
A. get B. get to C. got to D. got

3.学会hundred的用法
hundred是数词，意为“一百”， 当我们表示几百时，用基数词+hundred。 注意此时hundred不加s, 也不带of.
例：There are eight hundred students in our school.
当表示笼统的概念数百时，常在词尾加-s， 而且和of连用。前面不能有数词
例：There are hundreds of people in the restaurant.
【扩展】类似用法的数词还有thousand千, million百万,billoin十亿
【练习】
（1）有数百人参加运动会
___________ ____________people take part in the sports meet.
(2) Tom spent two ___ and fifteen dollars on that yellow coat.
A. hundreds B. hundred C. hundreds of D. hundred of

4. 会“花费”的take, spend, cost, pay
词条
区别
take
多用it 做形式主语，宾语大多是时间。常见句型：it takes sb. some time to do sth.
spend
Spend 的主语只能是人，宾语可以是金钱，时间。常见句型：1.sb spend some money/time on sth
2. sb spend some money/time (in) doing sth.
cost
cost的主语是物，事情或用it做形式主语，宾语常见是金钱或含抽象概念表示时间及其他事物的名词短语。常用句型：sth cost sb some money/time
pay
Pay 的主语只能是人。常见句型：sb pay sb some time/ money.
例：It took us 10 minutes to go to the station.
Mr. Brown spent most of his money on books. / in buying books

The coat cost me 100 yuan
He paid her 10 yuan for this book.
【练习】：用take, spend, cost, pay的适当形式填空
(1) 写那本书花了他两年半的时间。
It _____ him two years and a half to write the book.
(2) 你们得在口语上花更多时间。
You have to _____ much more time on spoken English.
(3) 那些书花了我200元钱。
Those books ______ me two hundred yuan.
(4) 你付你的厨师多少报酬？
How much did you ______ your cook?
(5) How much does the ticket _____ from Shanghai to Beijing?
A. cost B. take C. spend D. pay
(6) It_____ me half an hour ______ my homework every day.
A. takes; do B. takes; to do C. spends; do D. spend; doing

5. 揭开stop 的面纱
stop做名词时，意为：车站
做动词时，意为：停止，阻止
常见句型结构：stop doing sth.停止做某事
Stop to do sth. 停止，中断做某事然后去做另一件事。
【练习】
(1) Let’s stop _____. I know a good restaurant near here.
A. to have a meal B. to have a rest C. having a rest D. having a meal
(2) Please stop _____ and listen to the teacher.
A. read B. to read C. reads D. reading
(3) Today the forests have almost gone. We must stop people from _____ too many trees.
A. cut B. to cut C. cutting D. cutting

6. 部分否定not all
not all这个结构表示的是“部分否定”，意为：并不是所有的...都.当not 用于代词all, many, much,every, both 前时，均属于部分否定。
例：Not all students are good at maths. 并非所有学生都擅长数学。
【延伸】：当表示全部否定时，用none.
例：None of the answers are/is right. 没有一个答案是对的。
【练习】
(1) 他们中没有一个是中国人。 _____ ______ ______ are Chinese.
(2) 并非一切都好。 ______ ______ is OK.
(3) Xiao Li is the right person to show the foreigners around, for_____ of us can speak English.
A. all B. each C. both D. none

7. 重点句型：What do you think of ….?
What do you think of ….是用来询问某人对某事或某人的看法的交际用语。也可以说how do you like...?
例：What do you think of Joan? 你觉得琼怎么样？
【练习】
(1) ——What do you think of the baseball match?
——______.
A. Our team lost the match B. I didn’t hear of it
B. C. It was very exciting D. Our team was a good one
(2) ——What do you think of this film?
——______.
A. It’s wonderful B. Not at all C. Got idea D. With pleasure
(3) ——_______ do you like the film? ——Very interesting.
A. How B. Who C. What D. When

8. 生活中有太多的“if”
If 引导的条件状语从句，如果主句是一般将来时，祈使句或含有情态动词，条件状语从句一般用一般现在时。
例：We’re leaving for shanghai if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.
I can see the doctor quickly if i get there early
Play basketball with me if you finish your homework.
注意：从句一般放在主句的后面，若放句首要加逗号隔开。
【练习】
(1) ——Mary, what about going boating if it _____ tomorrow?
——Good idea!
A. not rain B. rain C. rains D. doesn’t rain
(2) You can ask the teacher for help ______ you don’t know the answer.
A. where B. who C. if D. What
用括号内所给单词（词组）的适当形式填空。
（3） If you __________（be）ill, you must see the doctor.
（4） If it __________（not rain）tomorrow，we can go hiking.
重点短语
（1） in the hospital 在医院里
（2） In Chinese 用汉语 介词in表示用某种语言
（3） speak English 说英语 speak指讲某种语言。
完成句子
（1） 那位妇女在医院里找到了她的丈夫。
The woman found her husband __________ __________ ___________.
（2） 我说英语时感到很紧张。
I feel very nervous when I _________ ___________.
单项填空
（3） He can't say it __________ Chinese.
A: in B: with C: on D: by
（4） Please ___________the blackboard, class.
A: look B: see C: look at D: have a look
9. every 与each 不同
Eg: I ride to school everyday. 我每天骑自行车去学校
词条
用法
例句
every
只做形容词，做定语后接可数名词的单数形式。强调全部，一般表示三个或三个以上中的每一个。
Every teacher in out school likes doing sports.
each
既可作形容词又可做代词。做形容词时，后接可数名词单数。在句中作主语时，谓语动词用单数，强调个体。一般表示两个或两个以上的每一个。
There are a lot of shops on each side of the road.

10. how far与how long
How far意为多远，用来询问两地之间的距离。How far is it from A to B ? A地离B地多远？
How long，意为多久，多长时间。对表示一段时间的时间状语进行提问。

扩展：far from 意为：离...远
My home is very far from school.

11. afraid 害怕
Eg :But he is not afraid.
Afraid 害怕的常见用法如下：
1. I am afraid that 从句
2. Be afraid of, 后面接名词，代词，动名词做宾语
3. Be afraid to do sth. 不敢做某事
4. Be afraid of doing sth. 主要是表示人的一种习惯，或者说与生俱来的一种心理。如怕高，怕黑等。Be afraid to do sth.表示一般的情况，或者是某时的一种心理状态。
【练习】
1. Girls are usually afraid ___________ snakes.
A. to B.about C.of D. With
2. 晚上他不敢出去
He ______________ ____________ __________ go out at night.

12. leave 离开
Eg: Many of the students and villagers never leave the village.
leave 做动词，意为：离开
1. leave + 地点，意为：离开某地
2. leave A for B , 意为：离开A地去B地
3. leave for A, 意为：动身去A地
leave 做动词，还可做“留下” eg: Can I leave a message ?
leave做名词，意为：假期 eg: I want to ask for three days leave.
【练习】
1. Mr.Green will _________(离开） Nanjing tomorrow.
2. He wants to ___________ ___________(离开） for three days.

二．典型例题
一．单项选择
（ ）1. ------ How does your father go to work?
--------- He goes to work _________ .
A. on subway B. by subway C. by the subway D. to take the subway
（ ）2. All the living things ________ the water.
A. depend on B. depend C. grow by D. live
（ ）3. Lily’s home is 6 kilometers ________ her school.
A. away from B. for to C. far away from D. far from
（ ）4. My mother ______ one hour cooking every evening.
A. Spends B. takes C. needs D. pays
（ ）5. Math is _______ way to call mathematics.
A. the other B. other C. another D. one
（ ）6. It will _______ you much time to finish the hard work.
A. spend B. take C. use D. need
（ ）7. A number of _______ _______ leaving for Chongqing next week.
A. Students; is B. students; are C. student; are D. student; is
（ ）8. ----- ______ is it from your home to school? --------- Ten miles.
A. How long B. How far C. How often D. How soon
（ ）9. The weather in Beijing is different ________ that in Tokyo.
A. to B. with C. from D. for
（ ）10. She usually goes to work ________ the early bus.
A. in B. on C. at D. with
（ ）11. --------- ________ is it from your school to your home?
-------- About an hour’s walk.
A. How far B. How long C. How soon D. How often
（ ）12. My brother didn't help me _________ the room yesterday.
A. clean B. cleans C. cleaned D. cleaning
（ ）13. Class was over. All students stopped ______ and had a rest.
A. write B. to write C. writing D. wrote
（ ）14. It’s raining heavily, so we can’t go out to play, and we _______ stay at home.
A. can B. may C. must D. have to
（ ）15. It takes ______ half an hour to get to school by bike.
A. my B. me C. I D. mine
（ ）16. Could you tell me ________ ?
A. where is your school B. how far your school is from here
C. when do you go to school D. which the way to your school is
（ ）17. Sheep ______ white, and milk _____ white, too.
A. is; is B. are; are C. are; is D. is; are
（ ）18. Most of students go to school __________.
A. on feet B. by foot C. by feet D. on foot
（ ）19. ------ ___________ with you? -------- I had a cold yesterday.
A. What’s matter B. What time
C. What’s wrong D. What color
（ ）20. Tom is ______ fat because he eats _______ junk food.
A. much too; too much B. much too; much too
C. too much; too much D. too much; much too
三．课后练习
完形填空。
During the weekend, I usually like to _1_at home, but sometimes I like to go out for a walk_2_ play football. My friend Jack works hard__3__ the week. At the weekend, he always goes to__4 his uncle and aunt work on their farm with his family.The__5__is not very big, but there is always so much to_6__ on a farm. The children look__7__ the animals and give them food. Jack and his wife help__8__ the fields. At the end of the day, they are all___9__ and tired. After Jack’s aunt_10__ them a big meal, they to back home in a car.
（ ）31. A. keep B. stay C. sit D. stand
（ ）32. A. or B. but C. and D. also
（ ）33. A. on B. in C. during D. for
（ ）34. A. make B. wait for C. find D. help
（ ）35. A. farm B shop C. house D. car
（ ）36. A. see B. do C. make D. help
（ ）37. A. at B. for C. after D. up
（ ）38. A. on B. at C. with D. in
（ ）39. A. hungry B. interested C. excited D. angry
（ ）40. A. carried B. gives C. passes D. sends

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