初中英语介词专项讲解及练习(包含答案).doc

介 词
一．介词的含义
介词是一种虚词，用来表示名词或相当于名词的其它词语与句中其它词的关系，不能单独使用。介词可以与名词或相当于名词的其它词构成介词短语。
二．表示时间的介词

at (表示钟点): at 6：30 固定搭配 : at noon ; at night ; at present / at the moment

in (表示年代/月份/季节): in July; in 2006; in September，1998 ； in spring
固定搭配: in the morning / in the afternoon / in the evening

on (表示具体日期: 某月某日/星期几): on Monday ; on Sunday morning ; on December 17

before 在 --- 之前 after 在--之后
by 在--之前（时间）； 到--为止 until / till : 直到 --（时间）
since 自从 -- 以来 for（接一段时间）
during 在 -- 期间 from 从--时起
in + 一段时间 ： --以后（用于将来时） within --之内
after + 一段时间 ：--以后（用于过去时） beyond --之外

三．表示场所，方向的介词

at 在某处（小地方）（at the cinema； at school； at home； at the railway station）

in 在某处（大地方）（in China； in Beijing）； 在--里面 （in the classroom； in the water）

on 在--上面（紧贴着其表面）: (on the table; on one’s face)

near 在---附近 beside：在--旁边 by 在--旁边
between 在--和--之间 among 在--（3者或更多的人或物）当中
in front of 在--的前面 behind 在--的后面 beside: 在—旁边
into 进入--里 out of 从--中出来 near / nest to 靠近
across 穿过（沿着表面） through 穿过（从中间） along 沿着
from -- to -- 从--到-- around 在--周围
over 在--的正上方 under 在--的正下面 / above 在--斜上方 below 在--斜下方

四．其他介词　
in 用（某种语言），穿着（某种颜色的衣服） about 大约；关于 from 来自 ---
as 像--（接句子）； 正如--; like 像--（接单词）
with 和--起； 用-- without 没有--
by 通过（某种方式或手段）；乘坐 by bus（train /plane /ship /bike） on foot

五．重要介词辨析
（1）on, over与above
On 在……上面 与物体表面有接触面
Over 在……上方 垂直正上方，表示“跨越，覆盖”
Above在……上方 “在……(偏)上方”，表示两者不接触
例如：
There is a bag on the desk.
The lamp is over the table.
The heaven is above us.(苍天在上。)
（2）in, on 与to
in 用于主语被包含于某一范围之内。
on 用于表示两地互相接壤。
to 用于主语在某一范围之外。
例如：
Beijing lies in the north of China.
北京位于中国的北部。
Rusia is on the north of China.
俄罗斯在中国的北面。
Japan is to the east of China.
日本在中国的东面。
（3）across, over, through 与past
across “穿过” 强调从物体表面的这一边到另一边
over “越过” 强调从人或事物的上方经过，越过
through “穿过，通过” 强调从物体内部穿过；从长形物的一头到另一头。
past “经过” 只从物体旁边经过
例如：
If you see the green light, you can walk across the street.
The train run through the tunnel(隧道).
I can jump over the fence(围墙).
We walked past the hospital.
(4) except, except for, besides与but
except “除……以外” 表示同类事物之间的关系
except for “除……以外”，“如果不是”，“若非” 表示对局部的否定，不表示同类事物之间的关系
besides “除……以外”，“还有……” 所指事物包括在叙述范围之内
but “除……以外” 多与nobody, none, no one, nothing, anything, everyone, all, who连用
例如：
We all went swimming except Ann.
Besides Ann, we all went swimming.
Your composition is good except for some spelling mistakes.
No one but Peter went there.

(5) in front of 与in the front of “在……前面”
in front of 指一个物体在另一个物体的前方
in the front of 指一个物体包含在另一个物体内部的前方
There is a big tree in front of the classroom.
There is a desk in the front of the classroom.
(6) since 与 for
since “自从……” 后跟时间点或动作初始的句子，用于现在完成时态。
for “达，计……” 后跟时间段，用于现在完成时态。
例如：
I have learned English since 2002.
We have known each other since I was a little boy.
They have lived here for ten years.

介词专项训练

1． Mary is flying to Italy. She will arrive Paris the morning of July 9.
A. at / in B. in / on C. in / in D. at / on
2． China lies the east of Asia and the north of Australia.
A. to / to B. to / in C. in / on D. in / to
3． -- What time did you get there this morning ? -- eight.
A. In B. On C. At D. From
4． the help of Liu Tao, I have made much progress in English recently.
A. Under B. In C. With D. On
5． Last night I did my homework 11 o’clcok, so I got up late this morhing.
A. until B. at C. from D. in
6． I’ll return back to Qingdao a few days.
A. since B. in C. on D. after
7． I prefer coffee tea, and so I often drink coffee instead tea.
A. from / to B. with / at C. to / of D. for / of
8． We can’t live air or water.
A. with B. out of C. in D. without
9． When Li Ming talks to foreigners, he always thinks Chinese first, then he turns her words English.
A. by / to B. in / into C. with / into D. through / to
10．Qingdao is famous Qingdao Beer and Zhanqiao Pier.
A. for B. as C. to D. with
11．It’s impolite to laugh someone who makes mistakes.
A. to B. on C. at D. into
12．Finally I came up a good idea to solve the problem.
A. with B. to C. at D. on
13．-- Is this car yours ?
-- No, it’s not mine. It belongs Peter.
A. with B. to C. in D. at
14．May 4 Square and Zhanqiao Pier are regarded the symbol of Qingdao.
A. to B. on C. in D. as
15．Great changes have taken place in Qingdao 2008.
A. after B. before C. since D. for
16．We always provide the customers a good after-sale service.
A. for B. with C. to D. from
17．My mobile phone is different yours.
A. from B. to C. at D. in
18．This method is not suitable me. I’ll think about other ones.
A. to B. at C. for D. with
19．I have been working three hours, so I feel a bit tired.
A. after B. in C. since D. for
20．Fruits watermelon are very popular in summer.
A. as B. like C. for D. with
21．I paid 3000 yuan the computer.
A. for B. to C. on D. in
22． the end, we decided to go to the zoo together the next Sunday.
A. At B. In C. On D. With
23．I always go home Wei Hua school.
A. after / at B. to / before C. with / after D. without / from
24． the time I arrived the railway station, the train had already left.
A. At / to B. In / into C. After / on D. By / at
25．Tom often make some mistakes because his carelessness.
A. of B. off C. to D. at
26．-- Would you like some coffee ?
-- Yes, please. By the way, do you have any milk ? I prefer coffee milk.
A. from B. with C. to D. for
27. I didn’t go to bed last night I finished my homework.
A. at B. from C. in D. until
28．I usually go to school foot because my home is not far my school.
A. by / to B. by / away C. on / from D. on / for
29．Mr Smith left the office saying anything.
A. with B. without C. within D. after
30．A bird flew into the house the window.
A. through B. across C. from D. behind
31． the night of August 8, 2008, the Opening Ceremony of the 29th Olympic Games was held in Beijing.
A. In B. On C. For D. At
32．Linda always spends too much money clothes.
A. for B. in C. on D. with
33．Your backpack is similar mine.
A. to B. with C. for D. about
34．I will go to Hangzhou two weeks.
A. for B. in C. after D. with
35．My father is always busy his work.
A. with B. on C. in D. for
36．It is usually cold winter the north of China.
A. on / at B. at / on C. in / in D. at / at
37．Mr Brown came to China July, 2005.
A. on B. in C. at D. since
38．Thanks your help, I’ve made great progress in English.
A. to B. for C. of D. X
39．The buses are always crowded people.
A. of B. for C. among D. with
40．Chen Fei is learning Japanese the moment. She will leave Japan next year.
A. in / to B. for / with C. at / for D. on / at
41．Whether we will go to the zoo tomorrow depends the weather.
A. on B. for C. at D. in
42．It’s very kind you to come to see me .
A. for / of B. of / off C. with / off D. to / with

43．It is very necessary us to learn English. It is the most widely-used language
the world.
A. for / in B. of / at C. to / on D. with / around
44．I have been living here more than 20 years.
A. since B. for C. after D. before
45．The man the left is Jenny. He is talking Paul over there.
A. in / about B. to / with C. on / to D. at / about
46．Can you swim the river ?
A. over B. through C. under D. across
47．We should stand line when we are waiting a bus.
A. on / in B. in / for C. in / on D. on / for
48．Japan is the east of China, and India is the west of China.
A. to / on B. on / in C. in / on D. on / to
49．I worked the problem accident.
A. up / in B. with / at C. out / by D. in / with
50．It is nearly 10 pm, but Tom still didn’t come home, and so his mother is very worried
him.
A. for B. about C. with D. on
51．Chinese people like drinking tea nothing in it.
A. with B. in C. on D. for
52．A new railway was built the two cities.
A. along B. in C. between D. among
53．Chen Ming does well his lessons and he is good playing football.
A. with / in B. in / at C. at / with D. of / at
54．The girl a blue dress is my classmate Lily.
A. with B. on C. at D. in
55．I usually have some bread and a glass of milk breakfast.
A. for B. at C. on D. in
56．It’s not necessary to look every new word the dictionary while reading.
A. for / from B. at / at C. after / in D. up / in
57．Please make a sentence the new word you have just learned.
A. with B. without C. in D. of