高考超完美完型填空教案.doc

个性化教案
完形填空
适用学科
高中英语
适用年级
高三
适用区域
全国
课时时长（分钟）
60分钟
知识点
完型填空
教学目标
知识目标：了解高考完形填空的考点及掌握做题技巧和方法
能力目标：能运用所学习的知识做出正确答案
情感目标：在不断的学习中，磨砺自己的意志。
教学重点
1. 在完形填空中所应用的名词性从句的知识点
2. 高考高频词组和句型的掌握
3. 高考时态的分析和把握及文章整体大意的理解
教学难点
高考高频词组和句型的掌握
高考时态的分析和把握及文章整体大意的理解
教学过程
一、复习预习
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填人一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为31～40的相应位置上。
Two seeds lay side by side in the fertile spring soil.
The first seed said, “I want to grow! I want to send my roots deep into the soil __1__ me, and thrust my sprouts (芽) __2__ the earth’s crust above me.I want to open my tender buds(蓓蕾) like banners to announce the __3__ (arrive) of spring.I want to feel the warmth of the sun on my face and the blessing of the morning dew(露水) on my petals(花瓣)！”
And so she grew.The second seed said, “I am afraid.If I send my roots into the ground below, I don’t know what I __4__(come) across in the dark.If I push my way through the hard soil above me, I may damage my delicate sprouts. What if I let my buds open and a snail (蜗牛) tries __5__(eat) them? And __6__ I were to open my blossoms, __7__ small child may pull me from the ground.No, it is much __8__ (good) for me to wait __9__it is safe.”And so she waited. A yard hen scratching around in the early spring ground for food found the waiting seed and immediately ate __10__.
【解析】两颗种子的故事，告诉我们惧怕冒险和成长，最终要被生活吞没。
        1．beneath　介词，意为“在……之下”与下文的above相对。
         2．through　介词，意为“穿过”。
         3．arrival　在冠词后用名词。
         4．will come　对未来的预测，句意为：我不知在黑暗之中将会遇到什么。
         5．to eat　因try表示“试图做某事”，后接不定式。
         6．if　if引导虚拟条件句。
         7．a　表示泛指的“某一个”小孩，故用不定冠词a。
8．better　隐性比较级，即“等”比“长”好得多。句中much也提示我们要用比较级，因为much常用来修饰比较级，表示“……得多”。
       9．until　意为“直到”，引导时间状语从句。
       10．it　it指代前文中的the waiting seed。

二知识讲解

一、高考完形填空命题趋势
选材特点: 以记叙文为主, 多以记叙文和夹叙夹意为主
命题特点: (1) 设空特点: 名词\ 动词(5-8个)为主
(2) 考点层次分三部:
里边层次：(语篇层次30%以上)体现了突出语篇的命题思路
句子层次：(占70%左右)
单词层次：(只须读懂单词所在句子就能做,分数较少)
(3)考查重点: 短文第一句不设问.
高考完形填空题型特点
1. 以叙为主, 叙议结合;
2. 篇章短小, 意义完整;
3. 首句完整, 主题明确;
4. 结构清晰, 层次分明;
5. 考查语境, 侧重辨析;
6. 实词为主, 虚词为辅;
7. 逻辑推理, 隐于语篇;
8. 常识语法, 每年出现。
完型填空 之能力训练目标：
1.词语辨析能力
2.语法结构分析能力
3.语篇理解能力
4.逻辑推理能力
5.文化背景透析能力
6.作者意图剖析能力
8.生活常识综合运用能力

二、考生易失分之处：
1、忽视行文逻辑，断章取义，就题论题。
2、脱离语境，滥用固定搭配。
3、缺乏必要的生活常识和不了解中西文化的差异。

做题三忌：
v 急于求成，未通读全文便忙于答题，不了解文意，无整体概念边读边填，两眼忙于空白与选项之间，欲速则不达。
v 只抠字眼，语法，不顾文意，抓不住关键。
v 断章取义，就题论题，不管前后联系，互不照应，前后矛盾。

三、做题三步法方法：

四、巧解完形填空——高分技巧
1、研究首尾——找主题
2、上下联系——寻信息
3、左顾右盼——找搭配
4、思前想后——觅逻辑
5、语境分析——辨词义
6、集中精力——破难题
7、回读检查——补漏洞
1、提高阅读能力（速度、理解）
2、打好语法基础 （固定搭配）
3、扩充词汇量（动词、名词）
4、增长生活常识，培养广泛的兴趣爱好
5、多做多练，以提高实战能力
How to get high scores
1. 正确的答题步骤2. 必要的答题技巧
3. 适量的实践训练

三、例题精析
【例题1】
【题干】Sometimes people call each other “scared-cat”, but have you ever thought about this expression? When a cat is frightened, its heart starts beating faster, its muscles get tense, and there are changes in the chemicals in its blood- stream.
Although the cat doesn’t 16 this, its body is getting ready for action.
If the danger continues, this animal will do one of the two things. It will 17 itself, or it will run away as fast as it can.
18 , when people are excited, angry, scared, or aroused by other emotions, our bodies also go through many 19 changes. Our hearts beat faster, and our muscles get tense. All of these changes make us more alert and ready to react. We, too, get ready to defend ourselves 20 run.
Human beings, 21 , have a problem that animals never face. If we give way to our feelings and let them 22 , we can get into trouble. Have you ever said something in anger, or hit somebody and regretted it later? Have you ever shouted at a teacher, told someone you were lonely, or said you were in love, and then 23 later you had kept your mouth shut? It isn’t always 24 to express your feelings freely.
Does this mean that it’s smarter always to 25 our feelings? No! If you 26 feelings of anger, sadness, and bitterness hidden away or bottled up inside, your body stays 27 . Physical illnesses can develop. It can actually be 28 for your health.
Feelings that you keep all bottled up inside, don’t just 29 . It’s like you bought some bananas and stuck them in a cupboard. You might not be able to see them, but 30 you’d smell them. And if you opened the cupboard, you’d 31 little fruit flies hovering (盘旋) all over them. They’d be rotten.
You can try to treat emotions 32 they were bananas in the cupboard. You can 33 they don’t exist, but they’ll still be 34 . And at last you’ll have to 35 them. Just like those bananas.
16. A. mind B. admit C. realize D. remember
17. A. save B. help C. defend D. hide
18. A. Truly B. Frequently C. Similarly D. Differently
19. A. chemical B. physical C. health D. ill
20. A. and B. or C. but D. yet
21. A. therefore B. but C. besides D. however
22. A. take off B. take on C. take over D. take up
23. A. wished B. hoped C. blamed D. shared
24. A. useful B. right C. easy D. wise
25. A. handle B. hurt C. hide D. prevent
26. A. keep B. find C. control D. let
27. A. relaxed B. tense C. same D. different
28. A. good B. harmful C. helpful D. useful
29. A. go away B. go on C. go up D. go out
30. A. long before B. as usual C. before long D. right away
31. A. meet B observe C. catch D. see
32. A. as if B. just as C. just after D. even though
33. A. pretend B. expect C. decide D. assume
34. A. in B. around C. over D. beyond
35. A. eat up B. deal with C. throw away D. send out
【答案】16——20 CCCBB 21——25 DCADC 26——30ABBAC 31——35 DAABB
【解析】Sometimes people call each other “scared-cat”, but have you ever thought about this expression? When a cat is frightened, its heart starts beating faster, its muscles get tense, and there are changes in the chemicals in its blood stream.
Although the cat doesn’t 16 this, its body is getting ready for action.
If the danger continues, this animal will do one of the two things. It will 17 itself, or it will run away as fast as it can.
16. A. mind B. admit C. realize D. remember
解题思路：题眼法\代入法
捕捉题眼，寻找契机：所谓“题眼”就是解题线索，就是那些原句中出现的、对解题起重要暗示作用的关键词。找准关键词语,有时题干中带有对解题起着关键作用的词语，如果能迅速找准这些词语，再结合各选项的意义和特点，就能很快选出正确答案。
17. A. save B. help C. defend D. hide
解题思路：没有同义复现或固定搭配，考虑概括的是解。
并列结构法: 根据文章中表示并列关系的连词或副词如:and/also/or或逗号“，”等，它们的提点是and前后的成分结构相似，意义相关，再做出准确判断。

18 , when people are excited, angry, scared, or aroused by other emotions, our bodies also go through many 19 changes. Our hearts beat faster, and our muscles get tense. All of these changes make us more alert and ready to react. We, too, get ready to defend ourselves 20 run.
18. A. Truly B. Frequently C. Similarly D. Differently
解题思路：前后呼应法\代入法
前后呼应法：做完形填空要始终抓住文章本身，联系“双语境”判断做题，即大语境——全文中心和基调；小语境——空格前后所构成的语意环境；再根据前有伏笔，后有呼应的思路做题。
句群、段落、篇章等。语篇与语篇之间往往有表明其内在联系的词语，这些词语被称为“语篇标志”。
如表示结构层次的语篇标志语有： firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally等；
  表示逻辑关系的语篇标志语有： thus, therefore, so等；
  表示改变话题的语篇标志语有： by the way等；
 表示递进关系的语篇标志语有： besides, what’s more, further等；
  表示时间关系的语篇标志语有： before, so far, yet, meanwhile, later等。
19. A. chemical B. physical C. health D. ill
解题思路：摆脱思维定势，排除“陷阱” chemical， 后提示句Our hearts beat faster, and our muscles get tense.都是physical
20. A. and B. or C. but D. yet
解题思路：与前面句子It will 17 itself, or it will run away as fast as it can. 同义复现。
同义复现：是英语中常见的一种现象。为强调某一意思，但又不想重复使用某个词，文中前后两处会使用一组同义词或同义词组。由于在完形填空题中，这两个同义词的位置多半比较靠近，很容易找到。无须过多推理，只须确定相同的是哪个意思，然后找出选项中与之相符的一项即可。
Human beings, 21 , have a problem that animals never face. If we give way to our feelings and let them 22 , we can get into trouble. Have you ever said something in anger, or hit somebody and regretted it later? Have you ever shouted at a teacher, told someone you were lonely, or said you were in love, and then 23 later you had kept your mouth shut? It isn’t always 24 to express your feelings freely.
21. A. therefore B. but C. besides D. however
解题思路：转折特点：
but转折法：文中一出现“but” “Although” “though” “however,” “while”等词，应该马上想到前后语意有转折。只要知道其中一方的语意，就可以反向推出另一方的意思，从而解题。完形填空题中，but一词后多半会设题。所以，大家在考试时，只要看到but就做一个标记，遇到类似but这样表转折的词也同样处理。这样便于回到原文去寻找解题的依据。
22. A. take off B. take on C. take over D. take up
解题思路：and并列结构法,give way to的同义词let 。。take
23. A. wished B. hoped C. blamed D. shared
解题思路：利用语法分析解题，选项中的动词都是过去式，其后句宾语从句had kept是过去完成时，故判断是虚拟。
24. A. useful B. right C. easy D. wise
解题思路：后暗示法，smarter的近义词是 。
利用暗示和对应解题：虽然重点是对语法、短语和词的辨析、句子结构的考查，但对文章故事情节发展线索的逻辑考查仍是重点。暗示与上下对应的思维方法，是突破此类完形填空最关键的思维方式。

Does this mean that it’s smarter always to 25 our feelings? No! If you 26 feelings of anger, sadness, and bitterness hidden away or bottled up inside, your body stays 27 . Physical illnesses can develop. It can actually be 28 for your health.
25. A. handle B. hurt C. hide D. prevent
解题思路：同义复现法
26. A. keep B. find C. control D. let
解题思路：利用语法分析解题，动词 可以带宾补hidden away or bottled up inside。
27. A. relaxed B. tense C. same D. different
解题思路：跨段落篇章复现tense
查找文章多处反复复现概念的已知词：复现可以是相同的词在文章的不同地方重复出现。复现的解题意义在于：如果判断出一个未知填空与上下文的那些已知词汇有复现关系，只要从选项中选出与那些词汇意义相同的就是正确答案。
28. A. good B. harmful C. helpful D. useful
解题思路：利用关联成分，将illnesses设置成已知，另一个是未知的，这样那个已知的词语便成为破解未知词语的关键线索。illnesses会对health ？
Feelings that you keep all bottled up inside, don’t just 29 . It’s like you bought some bananas and stuck them in a cupboard. You might not be able to see them, but 30 you’d smell them. And if you opened the cupboard, you’d 31 little fruit flies hovering (盘旋) all over them. They’d be rotten.
29. A. go away B. go on C. go up D. go out
解题思路：看清上下文，找准定位词充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句，go ?
看看文章中动词都与哪些副词或介词搭配成动词短语？
It will 17 itself, or it will run away as fast as it can.
No! If you 26 feelings of anger, sadness, and bitterness hidden away or bottled up inside, your body stays 27 .
30. A. long before B. as usual C. before long D. right away
解题思路：利用语法分析解题，but 30 you’d smell them. 句中的’d=would是过去将来时.in no time=by and by=in a flash=before long=soon是将来时的时间状语，表示“很快”；而right away=right now=quickly=at once=immediately则不受限制！
31. A. meet B. observe C. catch D. see
解题思路：利用语法分析解题，you’d 31 little fruit flies hovering (盘旋) all over them. （A. meet ，B. observe， C. catch ，D. see）little fruit flies hovering (盘旋)。

You can try to treat emotions 32 they were bananas in the cupboard. You can 33 they don’t exist, but they’ll still be 34 . And at last you’ll have to 35 them. Just like those bananas.
32. A. as if B. just as C. just after D. even though
解题思路：利用语法分析解题，You can try to treat emotions 32 they were bananas in the cupboard.是虚拟句。
33. A. pretend B. expect C. decide D. assume
解题思路：抉择于A. pretend 和D. assume之间， exist？
绝对相近法：它是从选项着手分析的，若四个选项中有两个选项绝对矛盾、相近和对立，那么正确选项大多在这两个对立项之间产生，二者必居其一，至于究竟是两者中的哪一个，则需进一步根据上下文的语境判断。注意固定的搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。
34. A. in B. around C. over D. beyond
解题思路：exist =be there, there= in? around? Over? beyond?
35. A. eat up B. deal with C. throw away D. send out
解题思路：容易错选C.throw away，概括的是解。

【例题2】
【题干】There was once a millionaire who loved money than anything else in the world. He didn’t know exactly how much he had, so he took on a little girl to _1_all his money for him.
       It __2__ the little girl six days to count all the money. When she told the millionaire that he had forty-two __3__ dollars, he was __4__ with joy and asked, “ How much 5__ do you want?” He thought that __6__ she was only a child, he could __7__ her into taking a very small amount of money.
       The girl said, “well, I worked for six days, so I think you __8__ pay me for six days. Give me two pennies for the first day. Each day after that, just give me the amount you give me the day before, multiplied by itself.
       The __9__ thought that in this __10__ he would only have to give her a __11__ dollars. What a __12__ little girl! So immediately, he __13__ his lawyer sign up the contract, fearing that she would change her __14__ .
       On the first day the millionaire paid her two pennies, and on the second day, two pennies times two pennies, or four pennies.
       Each day after that, he gave her __15__ number of pennies he had given her the day before, multiplied by itself. And by the sixth day, the foolish millionaire had to give the clever little girl all his money.

1. A. bring    B. count     C. send     D. hide   
2. A. had    B. needed    C. got     D. took
3. A. million     B. dozen     C. thousand    D. hundred
4. A. pride    B. wild   C. surprised    D. moved
5. A. dollars    B. number    C. time    D. pay
6. A. as if    B. though     C. if    D. because
7. A. warn    B. advise   C. cheat    D. set
8. A. could   B. would   C. should     D. might
9. A. girl     B. millionaire   C. two      D. people
10. A. measure   B. way    C. point  D. means
11. A. few  B. little    C. less     D. much
12. A. nice   B. clever    C. fine    D. foolish
13. A. ordered    B. asked       C. had      D. persuaded
14. A. mind   B. heart  C. word    D. plan
15. A. good   B. great    C. a   D. the

【答案】BDABD DCCBB ADCAD
【解析】　　一个富翁雇了一个小女孩为他数钱，她用了六天才把钱数完。付工钱时，富翁想欺骗她，但聪明的小女孩用了一个简单的办法得到了富翁所有的钱。
1．B。由于不知道自己到底有多少钱，所以找个人帮他“数”钱。D项意为“隐藏”。
2．D。根据it takes sb. some time to do sth.结构判断答案用D。
3．A。因为他是一个百万富翁。
4．B。be wild with joy意为“欣喜若狂”，表示the man当时的心情。
5．D。pay在此指“需要支付的钱”，也就是“工钱”。由于前面是how much，所以不能用dollars。
6．D。从下文可知，此处表示原因。
7．C。由the man 的心理及前面的only a child推知，此时想“欺骗”那个女孩。
8．C。should表示“应该”。
9．B。此处指“富翁”。
10．B。in this way为固定短语。
11．A。只有few可以修饰dollars。
12．D。从下文中可以看出小女孩其实很聪明，但是富翁却以为她“愚蠢”。
13．C。have sb. do sth.意为“让某人做某事”。其余三词后面的动词不定式都加to。
14．A。change one’s mind意为“改变主意”。
15．D。the number of表示“……的数目”，而a number of表示“许多……”。

【例题3】
【题干