高一英语必修三unit1语法教案.doc

Grammar
Teaching Goals: 1. To check what has been learned yesterday.
2. To enable Ss to master some new words and expressions.
3. To get Ss to have knowledge of the grammar point: the model verb
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1. Revision
1. Ask Some Ss to retell the reading text.
2. Ask Ss to answer the following question to see whether they did their homework or not.
How many festivals are mentioned in our text?
Step 2. Word study
Purpose: To consolidate the words and phrases in the text.
Finish Ex1
Purpose: To enable Ss to master some new words and expressions.
Ex2 Many people think that Christmas is a western __________, but in fact it is really a worldwide holiday. Christmas actually as a _______ festival celebrated by _________ around the world. Its ______ is around the 3rd or 4th century AD, when the _______ of remembering Jesus’ birth on December 25th first started. Today, of course, many people celebrate Christmas __________ it were just a holiday to ______________ family, rather than a holiday about a _______.
Suggested Answers:
celebration, religious, Christians, origin, custom, as though, have a fun with, belief
Step 3. Grammar point
1. Explain for Ss the grammar point: the modal verb
(1) can/could 可以表示能力、许诺、请求或某种可能性，could还可用于：
① 提出委婉的请求，（注意在回答中不可用could）。例如：
　— Could I have the television on? 我能看电视吗？
　— Yes, you can. / No, you can't. 可以/不可以。
② 在否定句、疑问句中表示推测或怀疑。例如：
He couldn't be a bad man. 他不大可能是坏人
(2) may/might 表示允许或请求；表示没有把握的推测；may 放在句首，表示祝愿。
might 表示推测时，不表示时态，只是可能性比may 小。
(3) will/would 克表示请求、许诺、同意、过去的习惯等。但需要注意：
　① would like；would like to do = want to 想要，为固定搭配。例如：
　　Would you like to go with me? 想和我一块去吗？
　② Will you…?　Would you like…? 表示肯定含义的请求劝说时，疑问句中一般用some, 而不是any。例如：
　　 Would you like some cake? 吃点蛋糕吧。
　 ③ 否定结构中用will，一般不用would, won't you是一种委婉语气。
　　 Won't you sit down? 你不坐下吗？
(4) shall/should可以表示推测、判断或建议。shall指现在，should指过去。
(5) must/can’t指推测或猜想 must用在肯定句中表示较有把握的推测，意为“一定”，否定推测用can't。
2. Ask Ss to find at least four sentences which use modal verbs in the reading text and translate them into Chinese. See who can make the best translation.
Suggested Answers:
(1) … when they can dress up and go to their neighbors’ homes and ask for sweets. (line 9, part 2)
那时他们可以化装并去邻居家要糖果。
(2) Some people might win awards for their , …(line 4, part 4)
一些人可能会因他们的……而获奖。
(3) … and may give children lucky money in red paper. (line 3, part 5)
也可能给孩子们用红包包起来的压岁钱。
3. Ask Ss to finish Ex3 on P6 and check the answers in pairs.
Step 4. Homework
1. Ask Ss to review what has been learned in this period.
2. Ask Ss to finish the exercises of Using Words And Expressions and Using Structures on P42～P43.
语法教学参考材料：情态动词的语法特征
1） 情态动词 不能单独做谓语，除ought  和have 外，后面只能接不带to 的不定式。
2） 情态动词没有人称，数的变化，但有些情态动词，如can、will也有一般式和过去式的变化。
3） 情态动词的“时态”形式并不是时间区别的主要标志，不少情况下，情态动词的现在式形式和过去式形式都可用来表示现在时间、过去时间和将来时间。
1) can 和could： 1) can的主要用法是：  A.  表示体力或脑力的能力：  
eg. The girl can dance very well.
B.  表示说话的推测﹑事物的可能性等: eg. Can the news be true?
C. 在口语中, can可以表示请求或允许: eg. Can I sit here?
2) could的主要用法是：A. could 是can的过去式, 表示与过去 有关的能力和推测: eg. We all knew that the young man couldn’t be a doctor.
B. could可以代替can表示请求, 但语气较can客气、委婉:
eg. Could you lend me your dictionary? Could I use your bike?
3) can和could接动词的完成形式，表示可能已经做某事。can用在否定和疑问句中, 表示不相信、怀疑等态度。eg. They can't have gone out because the light is still on.
may 和might ： may 常用来表示：  A. 表示请求、允许;比can较为正式:
   eg. May I come in ? You may go now.
B. 表示说话人的猜测: “也许” “可能”: 通常只用于肯定句和否定句中。
eg. --I believe the man is from England. --But I may be wrong.
The guest may arrive this afternoon.
在肯定句中，may 的可能性比can 高，may 表示现实的可能性，can 表示理论上的可能性。如： The road may be blocked. 这条路可能不通了。
The road can be blocked. 这条路可能会是不通的。
在疑问句中，表示可能性用can。 如：Where can he be? 他会在哪呢？
C. 表示祝愿;但语气较正式: eg. May you succeed! May you have a good journey!
might 的用法有: 多在间接引语中表示过去的可能和允许。如:
She said that he might take her bike. 她说他可以拿她的自行车去用。
除了在间接引语中以外，might 一般不表示过去的可能或者许可。如要表示过去的可能可以用could, 表示过去的许可可以用was( were) allowed to 或者 had permission to 。
表示现在的可能，其可能性要比 may 小。如： She might go home tomorrow.
表示现在的许可, 语气比may 较委婉, 一般用于疑问句(包括间接疑问句), 不可用于肯定句或者否定句。
如: Might I have a word with you? 我可以和你说句话吗？
will和would：
1. will是助动词或是情态动词？
will用于构成将来时是助动词。用于表示“意志”“决心”“请求”是情态动词。would亦同理。 eg. I will tell you something important. 我要告诉你一些重要的事。 （助动词）  Will you tell her that I'm here? 请您告诉她说我在这儿，好吗？ （情态动词）   2. 在疑问句中用于第二人称，提出请求或询问。 eg: If you want help - let me know, will you? 如果你需要帮助, 让我知道, 好吗? Will you type this, please?请打印这个，好吗？   Won't you sit down?请坐下，好吗？ 3. would比will客气委婉。 eg: Would you help us, please? 请您帮助我们，好吗？ I’d go there with you.我要和你一块到那儿去。 Teacher wouldn’t allow it.老师不会允许这件事。
shall和should： 1. shall用于构成将来时是助动词。 shall用于征求对方的意见，表示 “决心” 是情态动词。 eg: Perhaps I shall pay a visit to England this winter. 可能今年冬天我会去英国观光。 （构成一般将来时, 助动词） Shall we go by train, Mom? 妈妈，我们乘火车去好吗？ （用于征求对方的意见，情态动词） I shall go at once. 我必须立即去。 （表 “决心”，情态动词）
2. should表示义务、建议、劝告，意为 “应该”。 “should+ have+过去分词”
表示本应该在过去做但没有做。eg: You should keep your promise. 你应该遵守诺言。 She should have passed the exam. 她应该通过考试的。
must和 have to
1.must用于一般问句中,肯定回答用must否定式用 needn’t或don’t have to，做 “不必”,mustn’t表示“禁止，不允许” — Must I finish all assignments at a time? Yes, you must. No, you needn't.
2.表示“必须”这个意思时，must 和have to 稍有区别。must着重说明主观看法，have to 强调客观需要。另外，have to 能用于更多时态。
I don’t like this TV set. We must buy a new one. There was no more bus. They had to walk home.
3.must表示对某人某事的猜测， 作“准是”，“一定” ，一般用于肯定句中。对过去发生的事情作肯定判断用must have done You must be the new teacher.  
He must be joking. There is nobody here. They must have all gone home.
4. must表示“偏要，硬要”，指做令人不快的事情
He must come and worry her with question, just when she was busy cooking the dinner. Of course，after I gave her my advice，she must go and do the opposite.

教学反思：