【顶尖学案】2012届高考英语unit13people北师大版必修.doc

2012届高考英语顶尖学案：北师大版 Unit 13　People　人
核心词汇
1．He had g____________ himself a reputation for unfairness.
2．I remember you mentioned the same thing on a ____________ (以前的) occasion.
3．They ____________ (应受，该得) to be punished.
4．He ____________ (指责) his boss of having broken his word.
5．The umbrella is a poor ____________ (躲避处) from heavy rain.
6．I have no ____________ (欲望，渴望) to discuss the question.
7．The latest developments c____________ me in my belief.
8．I am g____________ to have you help me repair the house.
9．He gave a d____________ (描写；叙述) of what he had seen.
10．You can’t apply for the job until you have ____________ (满足……) certain conditions.
11．My elder sisters and brothers have moved away from home and are now ____________ (自立的)．
12．The fund is for r____________ distress among the flood victims.
13．We appreciated his ____________ (奉献) of time and money to the project
14．We must ____________ (集中)our attention on efficiency; ____________(专心，专注) is essential if you want to do a good job.
15．I didn’t want to be ____________ (使有联系) with it at all because the ____________ (联系) had no good to me.
1．gained　2.previous　3.deserved　4.accused　5.shelter　6.desire　7.confirmed　8.grateful　9.description 10．satisfied
11.independent　12.relieving　13.devotion　14.concentrate；concentration　15.associated；association
高频短语
1．_______________劝服某人做某事
2．_______________起草
3．_______________集中于；专心于
4．_______________结果为……，以……结束
5．_______________就某事来说，从某个角度上看
6．________________ 愿意做某事
7．________________ 处理，应付
8．________________ 耐心对待某人
9．________________ 斥责或责备某人
10．________________ 怒视
11．________________ 突然想到，猛然想到
12．________________ 说实话
13．________________ 禁不住要做某事
14．________________ 把……比作……
1．talk sb.into doing sth.　 2.draw up　3.concentrate on 4．end up　5.in terms of　6.be willing to do sth. 7．deal with　
8.be patient with sb.　 9.tell sb.off
10．glare at　 e/spring to mind　
12.to be honest　 13.can’t help doing sth.　pare...to...
重点句式
1．____________ you are a group leader.
假设你是组长。
2．___________，look them up in a dictionary.
如果有必要的话，就在词典中查一下它们。
3．At work，____________ gets you hired but ____________ gets you promoted.
在工作中，正是智商使你得到雇用但是情商使你被提升。
4．..._________________ people with low EQs often have problems getting on with other people and dealing with difficult situations；...
……毫无疑问情商低的人在与人相处、处理困难局面方面常有困难；……
5．...____________ upset I got，__________ I was able to concentrate...
……我越不安，就越不能集中精力。
1．Suppose　 2.If necessary　
3.it is IQ that；it is EQ that
4．there is little doubt that　
5.the more；the less
知识详解
1. gain　vt.& vi.& n．　获得，赢得；(钟表)走快；利益
(回归课本P4)Well，knowing these things can help you gain a better sense of yourself...
噢，知道这些事情有助于更了解你自己……
例句探源
①There is nothing to be gained from delaying the decision.
推迟决定得不到任何好处。
②Wine bars have gained in popularity in recent years.
近年来，以供应葡萄酒为主的酒吧越来越受欢迎。
易混辨析
gain，acquire，earn，achieve
(1)gain收获；获得。指获得有用或必需的东西。可以用于体重、力量的增加，奖学金的获得，更常用于经验、知识、教育、满足等的获得。
(2)acquire购得，得到(尤指昂贵的或难以得到的东西)；获得，掌握(知识、技能等)。
(3)earn取得；赚得。通常指通过工作挣钱，也可以用于应该得到的东西，如支持、认同、声望或尊敬。
(4)achieve得到；获得。多指成就、目标、幸福的取得。
①(牛津P835)Her unusual talent gained her worldwide recognition.
②(牛津P15)He had finally achieved success.
③(牛津P17)She has acquired a good knowledge of English.
④He earned the respect of his students.
1．—I don’t think Cheng Fei should be to blame.What about you?
—Yes.________.
A．No pains，no gains
B．Early birds catch worms
C．Great minds think alike
D．Facts speak louder than words
解析：选C。考查交际用语。从yes来看，答话人同意说话者的观点，只有“Great minds think alike.(英雄所见略同。)”符合语境。No pains，no gains.不劳无获；Early birds catch worms.笨鸟先飞；Facts speak louder than words.事实胜于雄辩。
2 deserve　vt.　应得，应受；值得
(回归课本P8)For example，have you ever wondered why some of the smartest students in your class，who you think deserve good grades,
sometimes end up failing exams?
例如：你是不是感到惊讶，为什么班里最聪明的学生，那些你认为应该成绩很好的，有时会考试不及格呢？
归纳拓展
例句探源
①She deserves a reward for her efforts.
她积极努力，应得到奖赏。
②These proposals deserve serious consideration.
这些建议值得认真考虑。
2．完成句子
After all the efforts she has made，she ______ ________ ________ ________ (得到什么都是应该的)．
答案：deserves whatever she wants
3 accuse　vt.　控告；指控
(回归课本P9)The man was accused of stealing money.
那人被控告偷钱。
例句探源
①She accused him of stealing her money.
她控告他偷了她的钱。
②The boy was punished by his father for his stealing money.
那孩子由于偷钱而受到了父亲的惩罚。
③(朗文P2046)Her father scolded her for upsetting her mother.
她因惹母亲生气而遭父亲斥责。
3．The shop assistant was dismissed as she was ________ of cheating customers.
A．accused　　　　　 B．charged
C．scolded D．cursed
解析：选A。考查动词辨析。句意：那个售货员被解雇了，因为她被指控欺骗顾客。be accused of“因某事而被指控”；be charged with “因某事被起诉”；be scolded for“因……而受责备”；be cursed for“因……而受诅咒”。
4 concentrate　vt.& vi.　集中(思想、注意力等)
(回归课本P5)Concentrate on what is really important.
把注意力集中到真正重要的东西上去。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①I can’t concentrate with all that noise going on.
吵闹声不绝于耳，我无法集中精神。
②I decided to concentrate all my efforts on studying.
我决定全力以赴学习。
③(朗文P276)After the incident，she buried herself in her work.
那件事情之后，她埋头工作。
4．There is too much noise outside，I can hardly
________my attention on my book.
A．fill　　　　　　 B．pay
C．connect D．concentrate
解析：选D。句意：外面太吵了，我很难把注意力集中到书本上。concentrate集中；fill装满，充满，指装满容器或者充满空间等，不能说装满注意力；connect连接，联系；pay attention to sth.为固定搭配，pay attention不能与介词on搭配。
5 desire　n．　愿望，欲望，渴望　v. 　渴望,期望
(回归课本P119)Tour guides need to be independent，outgoing and have a desire to share information.
导游需要有独立的、外向的并有分享信息的意愿。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①The fans of Liu Dehua have a strong desire to know his wedding date.
刘德华的歌迷非常渴望知道他的婚期。
②He expressed a desire that the papers should be made public.
他表示很希望这些文件能公之于众。
5．完成句子
(1)我不想再谈此事。
I _______ _______ _______ to discuss the matter further.
答案：have no desire
(2)想住在这个国家北方的人很少。
Few people desire _______ _______ _______ ________ _______ _______ _______ _______.
答案：to live in the north of the country
6 aboard　adv.& prep.　在船(飞机、车)上，上船，上飞机
(回归课本P11)I feel that airlines should not allow new­born babies aboard their long distance flights.
我认为航空公司不能允许新生儿登机进行远距离飞行。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①We went on board the ship.
我们登上了轮船。
②Everyone aboard the plane got worried when the plane was out of control.
当飞机失控时，机上的所有人都感到担心。
易混辨析
①The plane crashed，killing all 157 passengers aboard/on_board
②Passengers are waiting to board.
③My brother has never been abroad before，so he is very excited.
6．翻译句子
(1)他已经登机了。
________________________________________
答案：He was already aboard the plane.
(2)该上轮船了。
________________________________________
答案：It’s time to board the ship.
(3)他去世的消息很快传到了国外。
________________________________________
答案：The news of his death soon spread abroad.
7 anxiety　n．　忧虑，担心
(回归课本P14)The day that I met my best friend for the first time，I was full of anxiety.
我第一次遇见我最好的朋友的那天心里充满了忧虑。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①(牛津P75)Some hospital patients experience high levels of anxiety.
有些住院病人十分焦虑不安。
②His anxiety to succeed led him to work hard.
他渴望成功之心促使他努力工作。
③(朗文P76)He was a bit anxious about the safety of the machinery.
他有些担心机器的安全。
7．用anxiety的适当形式填空
(1)I am ________ about her illness.
答案：anxious
(2)She tried hard to hide her ________ about the result.
答案：anxiety
8 requirement　n．　需要，要求；规定
(回归课本P119)Can you think of any jobs where this isn’t a requirement?
你能想到不需要这点的工作吗？
归纳拓展
例句探源
①Our immediate requirement is extra staff.
我们急需增加工作人员。
②Not all goods satisfy the customers’ requirements.
并非所有的商品都能满足顾客的需求。
③(朗文P1946)Most house plants require regular watering.
大多数室内盆栽植物需要定期浇水。
8．It was required that all the waste paper _____ put into the rubbish bin.
A．was　　　 B．must
C．be D．should
解析：选C。“废纸”和“放”之间为被动关系,所以此处应用“should be”，should被省略。
9confirm　v．　证实；坚定(决心，意见)使有信心
(回归课本P14)After confirming that I was，Jenny said that she had noticed I’d left my book in the library...
在确定我是(珍)之后，珍妮告诉我说她发现我把书落到图书馆里了……
归纳拓展
例句探源
①(牛津P415)I’m still waiting for confirmation of the test results.
我仍在等待考试结果的通知书。
②The experiment confirmed his theory.
那个实验证实了他的理论。
③The expression on his face confirmed me in my suspicions.
他脸上的表情证实了我的怀疑。
9．The President ____ that he would visit France the following month.
A．deserved　 B．confirmed
C．predicted D．doubted
解析：选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位总统证实说他下个月会访问法国。confirm(进一步)证实；deserve值得；predict推测，预测;
doubt怀疑。A、C、D三项均不符合句意，故选B。
10 shelter　n．　居所，住处；遮蔽；避难处
vi.　掩蔽；躲避
(回归课本P12)They might be sheltering in a cave.
他们可能栖身在一个山洞里。
归纳拓展
take shelter from the rain/wind/bad weather
躲避雨/风/恶劣的天气
shelter...from...保护……不受……的破坏
protect...from...保护……免于……
shelter from sth.躲避某事
例句探源
①Trees shelter the house from the wind.
树给房子挡风。
②(牛津P1838)People were desperately seeking shelter from the gunfire.
人们拼命地找地方躲避炮火。
10．The mosque(清真寺)provided ________ for hundreds of families whose homes had been flooded.
A．shelter　　 B．place
C．religion D．thought
解析：选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意：清真寺为家园被洪水淹没的成百上千的家庭提供庇护的地方。shelter庇护；religion宗教；thought想法；place地方，应用复数形式。
11 judge　vt.　判断；评价；判决；评判
(回归课本P16)It’s difficult to judge but we thought they might be in the same class...
很难判断但我们认为他们可能在同一个班里……
归纳拓展
judging by/from根据……作出判断，从……来看
judge sb./sth.评判某人/某物
judge sb./sth.(to be)＋n./adj.认为某人/某物是 ……
judge that...判断，估计……
例句探源
①Teachers tend to be judged by their students’ exam grades.
人们常以学生的考试分数来评判教师的优劣。
②In this fog，we can’t judge how far it is to the other side of the river.
在这样的大雾天气下，我们无法判断到河对岸有多远。
11．完成句子
________ ________ ________ ________ (从他的外貌判断)，he lives a happy life.
答案：Judging from/by his appearance
12 devote　vt.　献身；投入，专心；热爱
(回归课本P17)She devotes a lot of her time to caring the neighbours.
她把许多时间用于关心邻居们。
例句探源
①On Teachers’ Day，Wen Jiabao called on teachers to be devoted to their educational career.
在教师节那天，温家宝号召教师们献身于教育事业。
②(牛津P548)She devoted herself to her career.
她全力倾注于自己的事业。
③(2010年高考四川卷)If you have a job，do devote yourself to it and finally you’ll succeed.
如果你有了一份工作，付出努力去做它，最后你定能成功。
12．The time he has devoted in the past ten years ________ the disabled is now considered ________ of great value.
A．to help；being　　 B．to helping；to be
C．to help；to be D．helping；being
解析：选B。devote...to doing sth.把……奉献于……；be considered to be...被认为……。其中he has devoted in the past ten years to helping the disabled为定语从句，修饰the time。故选B。
13accountant　n．　会计师
(回归课本P15)As an experienced accountant,
my father has gained the respect of his colleagues.
作为一名有经验的会计，我的父亲赢得了他同事的尊敬。
归纳拓展
account　v．认为，说明；总计有
n．(银行)账户；说明，理由；帐目，报道
open an account开一个账户
account for说明(原因等)；作出解释
on account of由于，因为
on no account决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装)
on any account无论如何
take account of＝take...into consideration考虑到……
keep an account of记录，记载
例句探源
①He could not account for his foolish mistake.
他无法解释他所犯的愚蠢的错误。
②The company takes account of environmental issues.
这家公司考虑到了环境问题。
③(牛津P13)She retired early on account of ill health.
由于体弱多病，她提前退休了。
④(朗文P14)There needn’t be any more worries on that account.
没有必要再为那事担忧了。
13．_______his knowledge of the mountainous country，John Smith was appointed as our guide.
A．In spite of　　　　 B．On account of
C．Regardless of D．Instead of
解析：选B。句意：由于约翰·史密斯有丰富的山区知识，因此他被任命为我们的向导。on account of由于，因为。
14 talk sb.into (doing) sth.　说服某人做某事
(回归课本P8)Go and see your teacher and try to talk him or her into giving you a better grade.
去见你的老师并努力去说服他/她给你更高的分。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①It took me a long time to talk him into joining us.
说服他加入到我们中来花了我很长时间。
②(朗文P1704)I finally managed to persuade her to go out for a drink with me.
我终于想办法说服了她和我出去喝一杯。
14．I tried millions of times，but I can never ________ him ______ smoking.
A．ask；for　　 B．persuade；into
C．talk；into D．talk；out of
解析：选D。考查动词短语辨析。句意：我试了很多次，但我从来不能说服他不吸烟。ask sb.for sth.请求某人某事；persuade/talk sb.into doing sth.说服某人做某事；talk sb.out of doing sth.说服某人不做某事，符合句意。
15 end up　最后有某种结局，结果为……，结
束
(回归课本P8)For example，have you ever wondered why some of the smartest students in your class，who you think deserve good grades,
sometimes end up failing exams?
例如：你是不是感到惊讶，为什么班里最聪明
的学生，那些你认为应该成绩很好的，有时会
考试不及格呢？
归纳拓展
end up doing最后结果是……
end up with.以……而结束
end up in...结果为……，最终会……
come to an end结束
put...to an end＝put an end to使……终止
in the end最后，终于
by the end of到……末为止
例句探源
①He’ll end up in prison if he’s not careful.
如果他不小心，最后会锒铛入狱的。
②We were going to go out，but ended up watching videos.
我们原计划外出，但结果却是在家看录像。
③Winning the competition put an end to his financial problems.
在比赛中获胜使他的财政问题随之消失。
15．翻译句子
(1)我可不想弄到最后和那个故事中的人一样。
_______________________________________
答案：I don’t want to end up like that man in the story.
(2)大多数减肥的人最后又胖了。
_______________________________________
答案：Most slimmers end up putting weight back on.
16 draw up　起草，拟订，拉起，(车辆)停止
(回归课本P8)Draw up an agenda and discuss it with the group.
起草一份议程表和大家讨论一下。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①You draw up a list of names first and we shall discuss it at the meeting tomorrow.
你先草拟一份名单，我们要在明天的会议上讨论。
②In October the nights start drawing in.
到10月份，天黑得越来越早了。
16．结合下列句子，翻译出画线部分draw up的不同含义
(1)The boat was drawn up on the shore.(　　)
答案：拉起，提起
(2)We must draw up a contract.(　　)
答案：起草，拟订
(3)The car drew up at the gate and three men got out.(　　)
答案：停下，停止
17 in terms of　从……角度，就……而言
(回归课本P9)Some are trying to study the possibility of improving a person’s EQ，especially in terms of “people skills”，...
有些(科学家)正在尝试研究改善一个人的EQ的可能性，特别是在“人际方面”，……
归纳拓展
例句探源
①(朗文P2065)US foreign policy tended to see everything in terms of the Vietnam war.
美国的外交政策往往从越南战争的角度来看待一切。
②(朗文P2065)The company’s prospects look good in the long term.
公司的远景看好。
③What can we learn about old women in terms of fashion?
在时装方面我们能从老年女同志那学些什么呢?
17．(2011年东阳模拟)I feel sure that ________ qualification，ability and experience，you are abundantly suited to the position we have in mind.
A．in need of　　　　　　 B．in terms of
C．in favor of D．in face of
解析：选B。考查介词短语辨析。句意：就你的资格、能力、经验而言，我肯定你非常适合我们一直向往的那个职位。in terms of就……而言，从……方面；in need of 需要；in favor of支持，赞成；in face of面对。
18 compare...to...　把……比作……
(回归课本P9)They also showed a better understanding of the disabled students’ feelings compared to students who had not been involved in the study.
相比于那些没有参加研究的学生来说，他们还表现出了对残疾学生的感受更好的理解。
归纳拓展
compare...with..把……和……相比
compared with/to...和……相比(用作介词)，在句中作状语
compare notes交换意见
by/in comparison with sb./sth.与……比较起来,相比之下
beyond (without)compare无与伦比
例句探源
①People like comparing beautiful girls to flowers.
人们喜欢把漂亮的女孩比作花朵。
②Compared to many people，she was really very fortunate.
和很多人相比，她的确很幸运。
③Compare this car with that one，and you will find the differences between them.
把这辆汽车与那辆汽车相比，你就会发现他们之间的区别。
18．完成句子
(1)________ ________ ________ ________(与这个相比)，that book is more difficult.
答案：Compared to this one
(2)________ ________ ________ ________(与那本书比较)，I found this one is more difficult.
答案：Comparing with that book
句型梳理
1【教材原句】　On the other hand，there is little doubt that people with low EQs often have problems getting on with other people and dealing with difficult situations；...(P9)
另一方面，毫无疑问情商低的人在与人相处、处理困难局面方面常有困难；……
【句法分析】　there is little/no doubt that...毫无疑问，这是一个固定