英语语法专题一冠词.doc

英语语法专题一　冠词
英语的冠词有三个(a, an, the),a和an是不定冠词；the是定冠词。

（一）不定冠词
一、知识测练
填上恰当的不定冠词。
1. She thinks that English is _______ useful subject and she spends more than _______ hour speaking it every day.
2. I bought _______ new handbag. There was _______ "s" on the corner.
3. There is _______ orange and _______ banana on your desk. They are for you.
4. Is Germany _______ European country or _______ Asian country?
5. They have made quite _______ few friends since they lived in this place.

二、知识归纳
不定冠词a和an的基本用法：
不定冠词a和an都是修饰_________（可数、不可数）名词的单数，表示“一个”的惑思，一般指人或物中的某一个或某一类。
(1) a用在_________（辅音元音）开头的单词前（注意：辅音不是辅音字母）。
如：a man, a beautiful flower, a heavy bag, a university, a European country
(2) an用在_________（元音、辅音）开头的单词前（注意：元音不是元音字母）。
如：an orange, an hour, an honest boy, an unhappy girl, an Asian country, an unusual tree

三、知识过关
单项选择
1. That's not _______ apple. It's _______ pear.
A. a, a B. the, a C. an, a D. a, the
2. Walk down the road for half _______ hour, you'll see _______ university in front of you.
A. a, a B. an, an C. an, a D. a, an
3. _______ tiger is stronger than _______ sheep.
A. A, an B. An. A C. The, / D. A, a
4. There's _______ "s" and _______ "u" in the word "use".
A. the, the B. an, a C. an, an D. a, an
5. China is _______ Asian country, but England is _______ European country.
A. an, an B. an, a C. a, an D. a, a
6. Is this _______ useful book?
— Yes. And it's also _______ interesting book.
A. a, a B. a, an C. an, a D. an, an
7. I looked down and saw _______ policeman and an old lady, one of David's neighbours.
A. a B. the C. an D. 不填
8. How far is it from our school to _______ seaside?
It is _______ eight-kilometre walk from here.
A. the, an B. /, an C. the, a D. /, a

（二）定冠词
一、知识测练
在需要的地方填上定冠词。
1. — Do you know _______ lady in white?
— Yes. She is Jack's sister.
2. Hangzhou is one of _______ most beautiful cities and many tourists want to visit it again.
3. _______ Pear River will be cleaner and cleaner in _______ future.
4. While he was ill in _______ hospital, he went on practicing play _______ violin.
5. We can see _______ sun in the daytime and _______ moon at night.

二、知识归纳
定冠词the的基本用法：
1. 世界上独一无二的东西。
如：the sun, the moon, the earth, the universe
2. 前文提到的人或物，后文再次提到时，表示特指。
如：He sawa bike under the tree. The bike is green.
3. 形容词_________（最高级、比较级）前、序数词前。
如：1)　Yangzi River is the longest river jn China.
2)　He lives on the twelfth floor, but I live on the 11th floor.
4. 表示方位的名词前。
如：ill the west / east, in the north / south, in the middle
5. 有限制性介词短语或定语从句修饰的躬词前。
如：1)　The lady with a baby in her arm is my aunt.
2)　The shirt which has two pockets is mine.
6. 乐器前。
如：Lingling likes playing the piano / violin / guitar.
7. 江河、湖泊、山脉、海洋和群岛前。
如：the Amason River, the Baiyun Mountain, the Pacific
8. 由_________(普通、专有)名词构成的专有名词前。
如：the Great Wall, the Summer Palace, the Palace Museum
9. 指谈话双方都知道的人或物前。
如：Who is the girl waiting for John over there?
10. 在某些形容词前用_________(不定冠词、定冠词)，表示一类人。
如：the rich（有钱人），the poor（穷人），the old（老人），the young（年轻人）
11. 用在姓的复数前，表示一家人。
如：the Smiths, the Browns

三、知识过关
单项选择。
1. Can you see _______ mountain? It is _______ highest in our country.
A. a, a B. the, the C. a, the D. the, a
2. The basketball team is looking for _______ tall, but not __ short.
A. the, the B. a, a C. an, the D. the, a
3. At night we can see _______ moon and _______ stars, but we can't see _______ sun.
A. a, a, a B. the, the, the C. an, an, an D. a, the, a
4. The Great Britain is in _______ west while Japan is in _______ east.
A. /, / B. a, the C. the, the D. a, an
5. He is always _______ first one to get to school.
A. a B. an C. / D. the
6. The great musician was born for playing _______ violin. He likes his music very much.
A. the B. a C. / D.an
7. _______ man in the white car is looking for _______ Hunts
A. A, The B. The, an C. A, a D. The, the
8. Annie was going to take her mother to _______ American restaurant, but her mother just wanted to get home to rest.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
9. — Do you have _______ key to the blue car?
— I think _______ key is on the desk.
A. the, the B. the, / C. /, the D. a, the
10. When I arrive at my office, it's nine o'clock. That's _______ time I start work.
A. a B. an C. the D. /

（三）零冠词
一、知识测练
在需要的地方填上适当的冠词。
1. The students in our school often have _______ (the, a, /) lunch at school.
2. _______ (The, A, /) National Day is on October 1st. We often have a seven-day holiday.
3. ______ (A, The, /) Miss White likes wearing a pair of jeans.
4. We usually go climbing mountains on _______ (/, a, the) Sunday.
5. This year I will spend my _______ (a, /, the) twentieth birthday.

二、知识归纳
不用冠词的常见情况：
(1) 三餐饭、球类运动、学科名词前。
如：1)　have lunch / supper / breakfast / dinner / meals
2)　play tennis / badminton / basketball / football / baseball
3)　study physics / chemistry / politics / English / maths / Chinese / history / geography
(2) 专有名词、称呼、头衔前。
如：Mr. Smith wants to meet you as soon as possible.
(3) 节假日、星期、月份、季节前。
如：1)　Children's Day is on June 1st.
2)　They like going swimming on Sundays in summer.
(4) 名词前如果有this, that, these, those, my, your, his, her, their, our, its, whose, which, some, any, no. each, every, next, last等代词作定语时。
如：1)　Those cars are made in Japan。
2)　Which season do you like best, spring, summer, autumn or winter?
3)　Today is my ninth birthday.

三知识过关
单项选择。
1. _______ Australia is a beautiful country. I would like to visit it in _______ autumn.
A. The, the B. /, the C. /, / D. A, /
2. _______ Mother's Day is coming. I'm. thinking about what I should give my mother as _______ present.
A. /, the B. The, a C /, / D. A, the
3. I prefer playing _______ basketball to studying _______ Russian with you here.
A. the, the B. /, the C. the, / D. /, /
4. My family went to have _______ dinner in the restaurant _______ last Sunday.
A. /, the B. a, / C. /, / D. the, /
5. _______ Dr. Li is _______ great chemist in the world.
A. The, the B. The, a C. /, / D. /, a
6. — What would you like for _______ afternoon tea?
— Two pieces of bread and _______ cup of tea, please.
A. an, a B. 不填, a C. a, the D. 不填, the
7. I've had _______ bad headache all day, so I think I'll go to _______ bed early.
A. a, / B. /, the C. /, / D. a, the
8. — What would you like for _______ breakfast, Mr, Scott?
— Three pieces of bread with _______ cup of black tea, please.
A. a, a B. /, the C. a, the D. /, a

（四）固定搭配
冠词在固定短语或词组中的一些用法：
① 在固定短语或词语中，有些用不定冠词。
如：(1) have a good / nice / wonderful time (2) have a look / rest / seat
(3) have a headache / cough / cold (4) a number of / a great deal (of)
(5) a little / a few (6) a lot (of) / a bit (of)
(7) make a noise / mistake (8) make / reach a decision
(9) give sb. a warm welcome (10) give sb. a call / ring
(11) take / have a holiday (12) take a bus / train / place
(13) take / have a bath (14) take / leave a message
(15) play / make a joke on sb. (16) in a minute / moment
(17) hold / have a meeting (18) What a pity / shame!
(19) in a way (20) with a smile
② 在固定短语或词组中，有些用定冠词。
如：(1) all the time (2) at the age of (3) at the moment
(4) at the same time (5) in the middle of (6) do the shopping / washing
(7) on the earth (8) on the left / right (9) tell the truth
(10) at that time (11) the long / high jump (12) at the wheel
(13) by the way (14) have the habit of (15) the number of
③ 在固定短语或词组中，有些不用冠词。
如：(1) at first / last (2) at home / school
(3) at least / most (4) at night / noon
(5) at once (6) be in hospital / bed
(7) break into pieces (8) by bus / train / plane / underground
(9) on foot (10) do one's homework / hair
(11) from side to side (12) go shopping / swimming / running
(13) go to bed / sleep / school (14) have no idea
(15) have breakfast /dinner (16) be in danger / surprise / trouble
(17) in front of (18) in / on time
(19) make friends with (20) on holiday / business
(21) on one's way home (22) on show
(23) on fire (24) on duty
(25) place of interest (26) take medicine
(27) with pleasure (28) shake hands with sb.
(29) get into bad habits (30) in one's free time

三、知识过关
单项选择。
1. Mr. Li is ill in _______ bed. Let's go to see him after _______ dinner.
A. the, / B. the, the C. /, / D. /, the
2. Don't make _______ noise. The baby is sleeping in _______ room.
A. /, / B. a, the C. the, the D. a, /
3. There are so many teachers here. Let's give them _______ warm welcome.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
4. Don't read in _______ bed. It's bad for your eyes
A. a B. an C. the D. /
5. I'm going to Shanghai on _______ business but not on _______ holiday.
A. a, a B. the, the C. the, a D. /, /
6. The building is on _______ fire. Call police at once.
A. the, the B. a, a C. /, the D. /, /
7. She goes to _______ school on _______ foot instead of by _______train.
A. /, /, / B. the, the, the C. a, a, a D. an, a, the
8. The farmer didn't tell _______ truth. He was telling _______ lie.
A. the, the B. a, the C. the, a D. a, a
9. At _______ last, most of the guests left _______ house.
A. the, the B. /, / C. a, the D. /, the
10. To tell you _______ truth, he was badly ill in _______ bed.
A. the, / B. the, the C. /, / D. /, the

参考答案
（一） 不定冠词
一、知识测练
1. a, an 2. a, an 3. an, a 4. a, an 5. a
二、知识归纳
可数 (1)辅音 (2)元音
三、知识过关
题号
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
答案
C
C
D
B
B
B
A
A

（二） 定冠词
一、知识测练
1. the 2. the 3. the, the 4. /, the 5.the, the
二、知识归纳
3. 最高级 8. 普通 10. 定冠词
三、知识过关
题号
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
答案
B
A
B
C
D
A
D
B
A
C

（三） 零冠词
一、知识测练
1. / 2. / 3. / 4. / 5. /
三、知识过关
题号
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
答案
C
C
D
C
D
B
A
D

（四） 固定搭配
三、知识过关
题号
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
答案
C
B
A
D
D
C
A
C
D
A

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