形容词和副词比较级.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,形容词,(,adj.,),和副词,(,adv.,),的原级，比较级，最高级的用法,1,形容词,：,用于修饰名词或代词，描述被修,饰成分的性质、特征、状态或属性等。,Eg.,This is a,good,book.,(,修饰名词,book,),She is,beautiful,.,(,修饰代词,she,),副词,：,主要用于修饰动词、形容词和副词，整个句子，描述被修饰成分的特征或状态。,Eg.,Jim plays basketball,well,.,(,修饰动词,play,),She is,very,beautiful.,(,修饰形容词,beautiful,),Jim plays basketball,very,well.,(,修饰副词,well,),2,Exercises:,1.We should have a _ diet.(health),2.We shouldnt eat _ food.(health),3.I would like to have _ rice dumplings.,(salt),4.Though my grandpa is over 80,he still lives _.(health),5.The teacher made a _ to us just now.(suggest),6.Tom looks _ in that blue overcoat.,(fun),healthy,unhealthy,salty,healthily,suggestion,funny,3,7.I like _ fish(steam)because it tastes _.(taste),8.You can buy ice-cream in the _ food section.(freeze),9.People usually wear heavy coats in _ weather.(freeze),10.Dont talk _ in class.(loud),steamed,tasty,frozen,freezing,loudly,4,形容词和副词的比较等级,（假设,A,和,B,为进行比较的人或事物）,1,、原级,：使用形容词或副词,原形,，表示,A,与,B,一,样（或不一样）,as,+,形容词、副词的原级,+,as,;,not as/,so,形容词、副词的原级,as,;not as-as,2,、比较级,：使用形容词或副词,比较级形式,，表,示,A,与,B,二者相比哪一个,更,。用,than,连接。,3,、最高级,：使用形容词或副词,最高级形式,，表,示三者（或三者以上）相比哪一个,最,。,in+,地点范围；,of+,与主语一致的范围,5,形容词或副词比较级和最高级的构成,1,）规则变化,单音节词和少数双音节词词尾,加,er/est,变为比较级,/,最高级。（加,er/est,方法与动词变过去式加,ed,方法相同）。,Eg.,tall taller/tallest nice nicer/nicest,big bigger/biggest easy easier/easiest,clever cleverer/cleverest,(clever,双音节,),多音节词和一些双音节词在该词前,加,more/most,变为比较级,/,最高级。以,ly,结尾的副词除,early,以及不规则变化外，也应加,more/most,。,Eg.,interesting more/most interesting,careful more/most careful,slowly more/most slowly,6,1.,一般在词尾后加,er,或,est.,tall-taller-tallest,；,long-longer-longest,young-younger-youngest,；,soon-sooner-soonest,clever-cleverer-cleverest,；,fast-faster-fastest,cold-colder-coldest,；,near-nearer-nearest,bright-brighter-brightestshort-shorter-shortest,new-newer-newest,；,high-higher-highest,low-lower-lowest,；,slow-slower-slowest,形容词或副词比较级和最高级的构成,7,2.,以不发音 的元音“,e”,结尾的形容词,加,r,或,st.,close-closer-closest,；,strange-stranger-strangest,fine-finer-finest,；,large-larger-largest,wide-wider-widest,；,white-whiter-whitest,nice-nicer-nicest,；,late-later-latest,8,3.,以辅音字母加“,y”,结尾的形容词,先把“,y”,变为“,i”,再加,er,或,est.,angry-angrier-angriest,；,busy-busier-busiest,cloudy-cloudier-cloudiest,；,dirty-dirtier-dirtiest,early-earlier-earliest,；,easy-easier-easiest,happy-happier-happiest,；,heavy-heavier-heaviest,9,.,以重读闭音节结尾的形容词，如末尾只有一个辅音字母，应 先,双写这一个辅音字母，再加,er,或,est.,big-big,g,er-big,g,est,；,thin-thin,n,er-thin,n,est,fat-fat,t,er-fat,t,est,；,wet-wet,t,er-wet,t,est,hot-hot,t,er-hot,t,est,；,red-red,d,er-red,d,est,多音节形容词和 副词的比较级和最高级构成,：加,more/most:,difficult-more difficult-most difficult,modern-more modern-most modern,interesting-more interesting-most interesting,10,形容词或副词比较级和最高级的构成,2,）不规则变化,:,good/well better,best,bad/badly/ill worse,worst,many/much more,most,little less,least,*,old older,oldest,年长的；老的；旧的,elder,eldest,（亲戚关系中）年长的,*,far farther,farthest,远的,further,furthest,远的（有更加、进一步 的含义）,补充说明,：,few fewer,fewest,friendly friendlier,friendliest(adj.),more/most friendly,often more often,most often,11,Exercises,:,请将下列词变成比较级和最高级,bright,-,long,-,late,-,wide,-,angry,-,popular,-,quickly,-,good,-,bad,-,brighter,brightest,longer,longest,later,latest,wider,widest,angrier,angries,t,more/most popular,more/most quickly,better,best,worse,worst,12形容词或副词各比较等级的基本用法,13,1,、,原级,：,使用形容词或副词原形，表示,A,与,B,一样（或不一样）,。,主要用于,A as,as B,（肯定句）,A as/soas B(,否定句）结构。,Eg.1)Jim is 160 cm tall.,Mike is 160 cm tall.,Jim is,as,tall,as,Mike.,Jim is,not so,tall,as,Mike.,2)This road is 5 metres wide.,That road is 5 metres wide.,This road is as,wide/narrow,as that one.,This road is not as,wide/narrow,as that one.,14,2)Jim works hard.Mike works hard,too.,Jim works,as,hard,as,Mike.,Jim,does,nt,work,so,hard,as,Mike.,3)Mike does his work carefully.,Tom does his work carefully,too.,Mike does his work,as,carefully,as,Tom.,Mike,doesnt,do his work,as/so,carefully as Tom.,4,）,Father goes to work early.,Mother goes to work early,too.,Father goes to work,as,early,as,mother.,Father,doesnt,go to work,as/so,early as mother.,15,Exercise:,1.Mary is 5 years old.Jane is 5 years old,too.,2.These boxes are 20 kilos heavy.Those boxes are 20 kilos heavy,too.,3.This film is interesting.That film is interesting,too.,Mary is,as,old/young,as,Jane.,These boxes are,as,heavy/light,as,those ones,.,This film is,as,interesting,as,that one,.,16,4.Toms grandfather is healthy.Tims grandfather is healthy,too.,5.John runs fast.Mike runs fast,too.,6.John jumps high.Mike jumps high,too.,7.My father goes to work early.,Toms father goes to work early,too,Toms grandfather is,as,healthy,as,Tims grandfather.,John runs,as,fast,as,Mike,.,John jumps,as,high,as,Mike.,My father goes to work,as,early,as,Toms father,.,17,同义变化：,1.Tim is as old/young as Mike.,2.This road is as wide/narrow as that one.,3.This river is as deep/shallow as that one.,4.This building is as high/low as that one.,5.This box is as heavy/light as that one.,Tim is,the same age as,Mike.,This road is,the same width as,that one,This river is,the same depth as,that one.,This building is,the same height as,that one.,This box is,the same weight as,that one,.,18,6.This room is as big/small as that one.,7.This pencil is as long/short as that one.,7.Mary is as tall/short as Jane.,This room is,the same size as,that one,.,This pencil is,the same length as,that one.,Mary is,the same height as,Jane.,19,2,、比较级,：,使用形容词或副词比较级形式，,表示,A,与,B,二者相比哪一个更,。,主要用于,A,than B,结构。,Eg.1)Jim is 160 cm tall.,Mike is 156 cm tall.,Jim is,taller,than,Mike.,2)Mike works hard.,Jim works very hard.,Jim works,harder,than,Mike.,20,3.This building is 5 meters tall.,That building is 6 meters tall.,4.These boxes are 40 kilos heavy.,Those boxes are 45 kilos heavy.,5.Tom does his homework carefully.,Mike does his homework very carefully.,This building is,lower than,that one./,That building is,higher than,this one.,These boxes are,lighter than,those ones.,Those boxes are,heavier than,these one.,Mike does his homework,more carefully than,Tom.,21,6.Sound travels quickly.,Light travels very quickly.,7.Mary speaks English fluently.,Jane speaks English very fluently.,8.Tom listens to the teacher carefully.,Tim listens to the teacher very carefully.,Light travels,more quickly than,sounds,.,Jane speaks English,more fluently than,Mary,.,Tim listens to the teacher,more carefully,than,Tom,.,22,比较级用法扩展,1,）,比较级前面可以有,much,a little/a bit,a lot,even,far,still,等修饰语。,This book is much better than that one.,好得多,2,）,比较级比较级，表示越来越,hotter and hotter,越来越热,more and more beautiful,越来越漂亮,3,),上下文的提示：,After the medicine,the sick man becomes _.(bad),The lady looks _ after having a good rest.(healthy),worse,healthier,23,4.,定冠词加比较级，再加定冠词加比较级：越,-,；越,-,1)The harder you are,the better you will be.,2)The more careful you are,the better marks you will get.,3)The more exercise you take,the healthier you will be.,5.,在两者之间选择：,Which subject do you like better,maths or Chinese?,24,注意,:,than,后面的人称代词用主格或宾格都可以。,He is taller than I(am).,He is taller than me.,补充,：,He is,the,tall,er,of the two boys.,25,Exercises:,Our classroom looks _than theirs.(big),Unit 9 is _ than Unit 8.(difficult),Mike studies _ after the teacher had a talk with him.(hard),Mother gets up _ than father.(early),Our life is _ than before.(good),This film is _ than the one we saw last week.(interesting),My _ sister is a university student.She is one year _ than I .(old),bigger,more difficult,harder,earlier,better,more,interesting,elder,older,26,8.Our country has become _ and _ in the past twenty years.(strong,rich),9.In fact,Delia is a little _ than her elder sister.(tall),10.Mother looks even _.(angry),11.Shanghai is _ than that city.,(modern),12.Mary speaks English _ than Jane.,(fluently),13.I feel much _.(cold),14.The next morning Jenny got up even _,(early),stronger,richer,taller,angriermore modern,more fluently,colder,earlier,27,比较级与同级比较的转换：,This building is,lower than,that one.,My brother is older than I.,Mr Black looks stronger than Mr Smith.,This building isnt as high as that one.,That building isnt so low as this one,My brother isnt as young as I.,I am not as old as my brother.,Mr Black doesnt look as weak as Mr Smith.,Mr Black doesnt look as strong as Mr Black.,28,4.Tom does his homework more carefully than Jack.,5.Unit 9 is easier than Unit 10.,6.Mother gets up earlier than father.,Tom doesnt do his homework as carelessly as Jack.,Jack doesnt do his homework as carefully as Tom.,Unit 9 isnt as difficult as Unit 10.,Unit 10 isnt as easy as Unit 9.,Mother doesnt get up so late as father.,Father doesnt get up so early as mother,.,29,3,、最高级,：,使用形容词或副词最高级形式，,表示三者（或三者以上）相比哪一个最,。,主要用于,the,in/among/of+,所包含人或事,物的数量,3,的集合短语,结构。,Eg.,1),Jim is,the,tallest,in,our class.,2),Jim works(,the,),hardest,of,all the boys.,最高级用法扩展,30,1,.,one of+,形容词最高级,+,名词复数,-,表：,-,之一,1).,Tom is one of the cleverest students in our class.,2).Edison was one of the most famous inventors in the world.,2,.,在定语从句中,:,1)This is the funniest story,that I have ever heard.,2)This is the most interesting story,that she has ever read.,31,3.,表示第几大时,The Amazon is,the second longest,river in the world.,The Yangtze is,the third longest,river in the world.,4.,在几者之间选择：,Which subject do you like best,maths,Chinese or English?,32,Exercise:,John is,the,oldest,of the three boys.,Tom is,the,youngest,of the three boys.,Tom is 5 years old.,Mike is 6 years old.,John is 7 years old.,33,34,35,Exercises:,Emily sings _ of the five girls.(well),Of all the stars the sun is _ to us.,(close),3.William Shakespeare is one of _ play writers in England.(great),4.The cartoon Tarzan is _ film I have ever seen.(wonderful)5.He is _ boy of us all.(strong),6.Hangzhou is one of _ cities in China.(beautiful),best,the closest,the greatest,the most wonderful,the strongest,the most beautiful,36,7.Eddie runs _ among the four boys.(quickly),8.My grandpa looks _ among the five old men.(healthy),9.Mother gets up _ in my familyearly),10.Jack studies _ in my class.,(hard),most quickly,the healthiest,the earliest,the hardest,37,最高级用法扩展,形容词最高级前的,the,在以下几种情况下可以省略：,1,）,该形容词前有物主代词或名词所有格。,He is my/Jims best friend.,2,）,比较含义模糊。,We are busiest on Monday.,This is,a,most,interesting book,.,这里的,most,相当于,very,。,补充,：,China is one of the most beautiful countries.,The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.,38,原级，比较级，最高级三者间的互换：,Tom is the tallest student in our class.,Tom is taller than any other student in our class.,Tom is taller than anybody else in our class.,Tom is taller than anyone else in our class.,Nobody else is taller than Tom in our class.,No one else is taller than Tom in our class.,Nobody else is as tall as Tom in our class.,No one else is as tall as Tom in our class.,39,Exercises,:,根据所给提示词填空。,My house is _(large)than Jims.,Today is much _ (warm)than yesterday.,Which book is _(interesting),this one or that one?,Kate is _(good)than me at English.,Who is _(tall)boy in your class?,Mike runs _(fast)of all the students.,I have _(much)money than you.,8.Yesterday was my _(happy)day in my life.,9.My brother is not so _(strong)as me.,10.Mr Smith is the _(short)of the two men.,larger,warmer,more interesting,better,the tallest,(the)fastest,more,happiest,strong,shorter,40,观察下列各句，辨别括号中单词的词类。,1.He is a(fast)worker.,2.He works very(fast.),3.Thats a(hard)math problem.,4.You have to work(hard)at your lessons,5.I feel(better)now.,6.He plays football(better)than I.,7.Tom draws(worse)than his brother.,8.He was(worse)than his brother.,9.Of all the boys,he reads(best.),10.Of all the boys,he is the(best.),11.That plane flew(high)that day.,41,12.That plane is(high)in the sky now.,13.A(straight)line is the shortest between 2 points.,14.Stand (straight).,15.He always speaks in a (low)voice.,16.He is a clever businessman.He always buys (low)and sells high.,17.At the end of the streeet,there is a(low)wall.,18.We didnt go(far)because we knew that famous place was,too(far)away.,19.He is a (slow)boy.Hes always (slow)to make up his mind.,And he even likes to take a(slow)train when he travel.,20.Please tell the driver to go(slower).,21.The(last)time I saw you was the last Sunday in June.,42,22.She was very well when I(last)saw her.,23.The train was ten minutes(late).,24.He arrived home(late)last night and he got up late this,morning.,25.Not many people write with the(left)hand.,26.Please turn(left)now.,43,