单词讲解.ppt

单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,Unit 1 Book 7,Living Well,1,1.ambition,n,(the desire or determination to be successful,rich,powerful,etc.),雄心；野心,(1)achieve ones ambition,实现某人的愿望,have the ambition for sth,.,渴望得到某物,(,2)be ambitious to do sth.,一心想做,be ambitious _(power/social position,etc.),极欲获得,(,权力，社会地位等,),单词点睛,for,2,【,活学活用,】,(1)She doubts whether shell ever be able to _(,实现自己的抱负,),(2)_(,她的抱负是,)become part of the national team for the next Paralympic Games.,achieve her ambition,Her ambition is to,3,【,活学活用,】,(3)She _(,渴望,)succeed in life as a woman journalist.,(4)Never _(,放弃他的雄心壮志,)to beat the world record in the high jump all his life.,is ambitious to,has he given up his ambition,4,2,adapt,v.(to make suitable to),使适应；改编,(1)adaptto,使,适应,adapt(oneself)to,适应,adapt sth for sth,改编；改作,(2)be adapted _,由,改编,from,5,【,易混辨析,】,adjust,adapt,与,adopt,(1),adjust,表示“调整，调节，使适应”。如：,Its cold here,can you,adjust,the thermostat?,这屋里很冷，你能把恒温器调一下吗？,6,(2),adapt,指“修改，改编”或“改变以适应新条件”，有时可以和,adjust,互换。如：,He,adapted himself to,the cold weather.,他适应了寒冷的天气。,The author is going to,adapt,his play,for,television.,作者将把他的剧本改编成电视剧。,(3),adopt,表示“采取；采用；收养”等。如：,They,adopted,my teaching methods.,他们采用了我的教学方法。,7,【活学活用,】,(1)After entering the university,we must _(,使自己适应大学生活,),(2)Being accustomed to being poor,he found _(,难以适应,)a wealthy life in a short period of time.,adapt to/adapt,ourselves to the university life,it(was)hard to,adapt to,8,【,活学活用,】,(3)The new film is said to _(,由一本小说改编的,)by Jane Austen.,(4)Exceptional children are different in some significant way from others of the same age.For these children to develop to their full adult potential,their education _(,必须适应,)those differences.,be adapted from a novel,must be adapted to,9,(5),用动词,adapt,，,adjust,，,adopt,的适当形式填空,.,You should _ yourself to the new environment.,You cant see through the telescope until it is _ correctly to your sight.,Too many schools _ the“win at all costs”moral standard and measure their success by sporting achievements.,adapt,adjusted,adopt,10,3,annoy,vt,.(to make a little angry),使,不悦；惹恼,annoy sb.with sth./by doing sth.,因,(,做,),某事使某人烦恼,be annoyed with sb.,对某人感到生气,be annoyed at/about/for sth.,因某事生气,11,【,易混辨析,】,annoy,，,bother,与,disturb,这三个词都含有“使恼怒”或“使烦恼”的意思，具体区别如下：,(1),annoy,强调因被迫忍受令人不快、讨厌的事而失去平静或耐心，多指一时的恼怒。如：,These flies are annoying me.,这些苍蝇真使我心烦。,12,(2),bother,指不停地“扰乱”、“麻烦”，使人不能安宁，而产生烦恼的心理。如：,You neednt bother;I can lock the door.,你不必担心，我会锁门的。,(3),disturb,意为“打扰，扰乱”，指使正常秩序或一时的安定受到破坏，精力一时不能集中。如：,He disconnected the phone so as not to be disturbed.,为了不受打扰，他把电话线拔掉了。,13,【,活学活用,】,(1)Although she _(,生他的气,)about his annoying habit,he cant get rid of it.,(2)Time and time again _ _(,让我恼火的是,)that he starts the job until it becomes difficult and then leaves me to pick up the pieces.(what),is annoyed with him,what annoys me is/what makes me,annoyed is,14,【,活学活用,】,(3)_(,让我恼火,)that my wife interfered with my work.(it),(4)He didnt show up though he had said he would come,at _(,这让我恼火,),It made me annoyed,which I was annoyed,15,(5)I am,that he has not answered my letter.,A,bothered,B,interrupted,C,disturbed D,annoyed,解析,D,考查动词辨析。句意：他没有给我回信，使我很生气。,annoy,使恼怒，使生气；,bother,不停打扰使人不安宁，着重于动作；,disturb,打扰，扰乱，指使正常秩序或一时的安定受到破坏；,interrupt,中断，打断。根据句意可知,D,项正确。,16,4,conduct,n,(persons behaviour),行为；品行,vt,.(to lead or guide,control;manage),指挥；管理；主持,17,(1)conduct sb.around(,show sb.around),带领某人参观,conduct sb.in/out/to the door,领某人进来,/,出来,/,到门口,conduct(,do/make/perform/carry out)an experiment,做实验,conduct a concert,指挥音乐会,conduct a survey/investigation,开展调查,(2)_ the conduct of,在,指导,(,管理,),下,under,18,【,活学活用,】,(1)_,(,参观了图书馆后,),the visitors were shown the painting exhibition.,(2)I _(,将做实验,)from three to five this afternoon.(conduct),Having been conducted around the library,will be conducting the experiment,19,【,活学活用,】,(3)A survey of consumer attitudes towards organic food _(,正在开展,)in citizens.,(4)The agricultural expert was from Qinghua university,_,(,在他的指导下,),local farmers had an abundant year.,is being conducted,under the conduct of whom/under whose conduct,20,5,resign,vi,&,vt,.(to give up a job or position),辞职；辞去,(,工作、职位等,),resign _,辞去,(,工作，职务,),resign to,把,托付给,(,管理，照看,),resign oneself to,听从，顺从，甘心于,from,21,【,活学活用,】,(1)The news _(,他明天将辞职,)is soon known to everybody in the company.,(2)There was no sign that Mr.Jospin,who keeps a firm control on the party despite _(,辞职了,)from leadership of it,would intervene personally.,(3)Although I failed to start my own business this time,I will never _(,向失败低头,),that he will resign tomorrow,having resigned,resign myself to failure,22,6,congratulate,vt,.(to tell sb.that one is pleased about his good fortune or achievements),祝贺；庆祝,(1)congratulate sb.on sth.,因,向某人表示祝贺,(2)congratulations to sb.on sth.,因,向某人表示祝贺,offer sb.congratulations on,因,向某人表示祝贺,Congratulations,！,(,口语,),祝贺你！,23,【,温馨提示,】,congratulateon,不要受汉语影响而使用介词,for,，即不能说成：,congratulatefor,。,24,【,易混辨析,】,congratulate,与,celebrate,(1),congratulate,意为“祝贺，庆贺”，只能接人，若要表明所要祝贺的事情，要用,on,连接，构成“,congratulate sb.on sth.”,结构。,(2),celebrate,“,庆祝,(,节日等,),，过节”，其宾语通常是事,(,节日,胜利等,),。如：,We celebrated New Year with a dance party.我们举行舞会庆祝新年。,25,【,活学活用,】,(1)He sent them an email,_(,祝贺他们成功,),(2)He received as many as a hundred _(,祝贺信,)on that single day.,congratulating them on their success,letters of congratulation,26,(3)Eminent physicists from all over the world came to the U,S to,the centennial(,一百周年,)of Einsteins birth.,Acongratulate B,applaud,C,celebrate D,Participate,解析,C,考查动词辨析。句意：世界各地杰出的物理学家们来到美国庆祝爱因斯坦诞辰一百周年。,celebrate“,庆祝”，其宾语是事情，符合句意表达。其他：,congratulate“,祝贺”，其宾语是人；,applaud“,鼓掌”；,participate“,参加”。,27,7,access,n,(a way of entering or reaching a place)(,接近的,),方法；通道；可接近性,(1)be easy/hard access to,容易,/,难接近,have/get access to,得以接近,(,会见、进入、使用,),(2)accessible,adj,.,可接近的,可进入的,可使用的,be accessible to,能接近,，可使用,(3)access control,访问控制,access television,公开电视节目,access to power,掌权,free access to,免费使用,28,【,温馨提示,】,access,的本意是进入某一地点的“通道；入口”，侧重进入的手段与途径，其含义是抽象的，一般用作不可数名词。其引申义可指“接近或取得,的方法、手段、权利等”，常与介词,to,连用。此外，,access,在计算机术语中可作访问；登录”讲。,29,【,活学活用,】,(1)Its quite difficult to _,(,到达,)the temple on top of the mountain because of the rough path.(access),(2)Medicine should not be kept _(,在孩子们拿得到的地方,),(accessible),(3)The people living in these apartments _(,有权免费进入那个游泳池,),(access),get access to,where it is accessible to childrenhave free access to that swimming pool,30,1.in other words,换句话说,in words,用语言,in a word,简言之，总之,word for word,逐字地,break ones word,失信，食言,keep ones word,遵守诺言,give sb.ones word,对某人许下诺言,have a word with sb.,与某人说句话,have words with sb.,与某人争吵,短语储存,31,【,活学活用,】,选择,word,短语并用其正确形式填空,(1)She has a good handwriting,and is good at writing articles._,she is a qualified secretary.,(2)The beauty of sunset can not be described _.,(3)The person who _ my father just now is one of my relatives.,In a word,in words,had a word with,32,【,活学活用,】,选择,word,短语并用其正确形式填空,(4)The couple _ each other in the street ignoring the eyes of passers,by.,(5)I soon found that the work I was doing had been done by other people._,，,Im wasting my time.,have words with,In other words,33,2.cut out,切掉，删掉,cut down,砍倒；削减,(,费用等,),cut up,切碎；使心碎,cut _,切断，停掉；隔绝，挡住,cut _,插话，打断；超车,cut into,侵犯，打断,cut away,砍掉,off,in,34,【,活学活用,】,(1),选择,cut,短语并用其正确形式填空,The child kept _ while I was talking with his father.,The trees _ our view of the sea.,Many towns and villages had their water supply _ because there was no electricity.,cutting in,cut off,cut off,35,【,活学活用,】,(1),选择,cut,短语并用其正确形式填空,Youd better _ the unimportant details of the article.,Jean was really _ when her husband left her.,He _ the old branches from the tree.,cut out,cut up,cut away,36,(2)Im afraid taking a part,time job might _my time for study.,A,cut off,B,cut into,C,cut down D,cut away,解析,B,考查动词短语辨析。句意：恐怕做兼职工作会占用我的学习时间。,cut off,切断，隔绝；切掉，剪下；,cut into,侵犯，打断；,cut down,砍倒，削减；,cut away,切掉，砍掉；根据句意，选项,B,正确。,37,3.out of breath,上气不接下气,(1)hold ones breath,屏息,lose ones breath,喘不过气来,take a deep breath,深深地吸了一口气,38,(2)out of sight,看不见,out of reach,够不着,out of control,失控,out of date,过期,out of fashion,不再流行,out of order,杂乱的，出毛病,out of work,失业,out of patience,不能忍受,out of question,没问题；无疑；毫无疑问,out of the question,不可能的；办不到的,39,【,活学活用,】,(1),选择,out of,短语并用其正确形式填空,I was late for the meeting so I started running,and when I got there I was totally _.,Some popular songs go_ soon.,You can chase a dream that seems _.,out of breath,out of fashion,out of reach,40,(2)At the railway station,the mother waved goodbye to her daughter until the train was,.,A,out of sight B,out of reach,C,out of order D,out of place,解析,A,考查动词短语辨析。句意：在火车站，这位母亲挥手向她的女儿告别，直到火车看不见为止。,out of sight,看不见；,out of reach,够不着；,out of order,杂乱，出故障；,out of place,不在原来的地方，不恰当。,41,4,as well as,也，又；和,一样好,as good as,和,一样好,as well,也，又,(,常作状语，相当于,too,also),42,【,温馨提示,】,as well as,可以用来连接两个相同的成分，如名词、形容词、动词、介词，通常不位于句首。此时，,as well as,连接的虽然是两个并列成分，但强调的重点在前面，不在后面，意思为“不但,而且,”,，“既,又,”,，“除了,之外，还有,”,。使用时要注意：,43,(1),连接两个主语时，谓语动词的形式要和前面的主语保持一致；连接两个谓语时，两个动词的时态要保持一致。如：,The teacher as well as his students comes into the classroom.,老师和他的学生们进入了教室。,(2)as well as,结构表示比较，引起一个比较状语从句。如：,He can operate the machine as well as I do.,他操作这台机器能和我一样熟练。,44,(3)as well as,用作介词，相当于,besides,，,in addition to,，意思是“除,之外”，后面通常接名词或动名词，尤其是位于句首时。如：,As well as/Besides/In addition to eating five courses for meal,they drank seven bottles of wine.,除了五道菜外，他们还喝了七瓶酒。,45,【,活学活用1)The father as well as his three children _(,滑冰,)on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter.(go),(2)In fact,not only Mary and I but also Jane _(,厌倦,)having one exam after another.(tired),goes skating,is tired of,46,1.Just accept them for who they are,and give them encouragement to live as rich and full a life as you do.,接受他们，给予他们鼓励，让他们能像你们一样过得丰富多彩、充实美满。,句型公式,as,adj,.,an/a,n,.,as,和,一样,句型透视,47,【,句式点拨,】,此句中,asas,引导状语从句，,两个,as,之间可以是,adj,./,adv,.,也可以是,n,.,，如果涉及数量可以用,as much/many,n,.,as,，或者,as,adj,.,an/a,n,.,as,，,此结构还,可与,twice,three times,half,等连用。,This is as good an example as the other is.,这是一个像另一个一样好的例子。,I can carry as much paper as you can.,你能拿多少纸，我也能拿多少。,48,【,活学活用,】,(1)I have never met with _(,一样聪明的男孩,)as he is before,who has really impressed me a great deal.,(2)With the help of the German experts,the factory produced _(,两倍的汽车,)in 1993 as the year before.,as clever a boy,twice as many cars,49,2.So Id like to suggest that the seats at the back be placed higher than those at the front so that everyone can see the screen easily.,因此我建议影院后排的座位应该比前排的高，这样每个人都能容易地看到银幕。,句型公式,suggest that,主语陈述语气,/,虚拟语气,50,【,句式点拨,】,本句的主句是,so Id like to suggest,，后跟一个,that,引导的宾语从句，从句用的是虚拟语气。,so that,引导的是一个目的状语从句。,suggest,引导宾语从句时，如果作“建议”讲，,that,从句要用虚拟语气，即从句的谓语用“,should,动词原形”，,should,可省略；如果作“暗示，表明，说明”讲，其后的宾语从句则用陈述语气。另外，,suggest,的名词形式,suggestion,的相关主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句也使用此虚拟语气。,51,1.She,suggested,that the class meeting,(should),not be held on Saturday.,她建议班会不要在星期六举行。,(,虚拟语气,),2.The expression on his face,suggested,that he,was,very angry.,他脸上的表情表明他很生气。,(,陈述语气,),52,【,活学活用,】,(1)The suggestion _,(,发奖,)by the mayor was accepted by everyone.,(2)The doctors made a suggestion that the new hospital _(,不建在山上,),(3)These facts suggest that _(,没有生命,)on the moon.,that the prizes(should)be presented,(should)not be set up on the hill,there is no life,53,Thank you!,54,Unit 1 Book 7,Living well,55,单词点晴,1.beneficial,adj.,有益的，受益的,benefit,vi.&vt.&n.,be beneficial to,对,有用,/,有好处,/,有益,benefit from/by sth,.,从,中获益，得益于,sth.benefit sb./sth.,be of(great)benefit to,对,（很）有益,/,有好处,for the benefit of sb.=for sbs benefit为,的利益,56,活学活用,A good diet,_,(beneficial),良好的饮食对健康极为有益。,It is said that yoga,_,human health.(benefit),据说瑜珈对人体健康有很大的好处。,is extremely beneficial to health,is of great benefit to,57,The rain,_,_,.(benefit),这场雨将对庄稼很有好处。,I am sure everyone,_,.(benefit)(08,陕西,),我相信大家都会从这个活动中获益良多。,The money is to be used _benefit),该款项将用于救助穷人。,will benefit the crops greatly/,will be of great benefit to the crops,will benefit a lot from this activity,for the benefit of the poor,58,2.absence,n.,缺席，不在；缺乏,absent,adj.,不在的，缺席的，心不在焉的,in ones absence=in the absence of sb,某人不在时,absence of mind/be absent-minded,心不在焉,absence of evidence,缺乏证据,absence from work/school,缺勤,/,缺课,be absent from sth,缺席，不参加（反义）,be present at,出席，在场,an absent expression/look,心不在焉的表情,/,神情,59,活学活用,_,I,looked to see what was on his desk.(absence),（,06,江苏）,他不在时，我看了看他桌上有什么东西。,The case was dismissed _,any definite proof.,此案因缺乏确凿证据而不予受理,Love,_,his childhood.,他童年时根本没有得到过爱。,In his absence,in the absence of,was totally absent from,60,3.fulfill vt.,实现，履行，执行,fulfillment n.U,实现，满足,fulfill ones dream/ambition/potential,实现梦想,/,抱负,/,发挥潜力,fulfill the duty/obligation/promise,履行职责,/,义务,/,诺言,61,4.approval n.,赞成，同意,approve vi.&vt.,disapproval n.,不赞成，不同意,disapprove v.,不赞成，不同意,win ones approval,赢得某人的赞同,meet with ones approval,得到某人的赞同,/,认可,in approval,同意,approve of ones doing sth.,同意某人做某事,62,活学活用,I hope my suggestions _.(meet),我希望我的建议能得到你的认可。,Several people _.(approval),好几个人点头表示同意。,We would be pleased if,_.,(approve),如果你能认可我们的建议，我们会很高兴。,I _,but please dont neglect your studies.(approve),我赞成你设法赚点钱，但不要荒废学业。,will meet with your approval,nodded in approval,you could approve our proposal,approve of your trying to make some money,63,5,profit,n.,利润；赢利；好处；利益,vt.&vi.,获利，受益（于）,make a profit,赚取利润,profit,（,sb.,）,from/by sth.,从,中获利,64,活学活用,In recent years,many football clubs have been run as business,_,.(profit),（,2008,上海）,近年来，很多足球俱乐部进行商业运作，以谋求利润。,Can you patent and,_,your idea?(2007,福建,),你有能力为你的想法获取专利并从中赢利吗？,to make a profit,profit from/by,65,6.adequate,adj.,足够的，合乎需要的,adequately,adv.,充分地，,足够地，恰当的,be adequate for sth,对,足够的,be adequate to do sth.,足以做某事,66,活学活用,They must wear helmets to give,adequate,protection to their heads.(adequate),他们必须戴着头盔给头部充分的保护。,He,_,for a weekend trip.,他携带了足够的衣服去周末旅行。,_,support your family?,你的薪水足够养家吗？,took adequate clothes,Is your salary adequate to,67,短语储存,meet with,sb.,和某人会晤,meet with,sth.,遭遇（某事）,meet with success/failure,成功,/,失败,68,活学活用,The representatives _ to discuss the pay rise.,代表们和公司老板见面，讨论工资增长事宜。,He _ when he tried to solve the problem.,他努力解决这个问题时遇到了一些难题。,His father _ after he published his article.,他父亲文章发表后，遭到了很多批评,。,met with the companys boss,met with some difficulties,met with much criticism,69,句型透视,1.She,is proud to have taken part in,competitions and,to have broken a record,by running two laps(800 metres)this year.,她参加了多次比赛，在今年的,800,米赛跑中打破记录，她对此感到自豪。,【,句式点拨,】,to have taken part in,是不定式的完成式，表示不定式的动作在谓语动词之前发生。,70,活学活用,She said she was sorry,_,.(miss),她说她很遗憾没有见到你。,Im sorry,_,.,我很抱歉让你一直在等。,He doesnt seem,_,tell),他不像是说过谎的样子。,to have missed you,to have kept you waiting,to have told a lie,71,活学活用,Tom seemed,_,.He knew her well.(introduce),汤姆好像被介绍给了简，他和她很熟。,I dont know whether you,_,that Im going to HongKong next week.(hear),我不知道你是否碰巧听说过我下周准备去香港。,to have been introduced to Jane,happen to have heard,72,2My ambition,is to work for,a firm that develops computer software when I grow up.,我的愿望是我长大了要为一家开发电脑软件的公司工作。,Her ambition,is to become,part of the national team for the next Paralympics Games.,她的理想是加入国家队，参加下一届奥运会。,Now his ambition,is to become,an actor.,他现在的理想是成为一名演员。,73,【,句式点拨,】,这些句中,不定式作表语,，,be t