高考英语二轮总复习 第24讲 信息的表述课件 新课标(湖南专用) 课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,第,24,讲 信息的表述,2,本文着重讲述了美国的政府特许学校,(charter school),的相关情况：它的定义、与传统学校对比之异同以及存在的问题等。,71.,Charter schools,直接题。综合全文可以得出。,思路点拨,72.,Definition/Meaning,概括题。,思路点拨,73.,Receiving tax money,改写题。根据第三段“,It receives tax money to operate a number of students.”,可得出。,思路点拨,74.agreement(or charter),直接题。根据第三段“,These governments provide the school with the agreement,or charter that permits it to operate.”,可判断。,思路点拨,75.,Differences,概括题。对比上面,similarities,可得。,思路点拨,76.,teaching contents,改写题。根据第四段“,Local,state or federal governments cannot tell it what to teach.”,可判断。,思路点拨,77.,how to reach/ways to reach/ways of reaching,改写题。根据第五段“,Each school can choose its own goals and decide the ways it wants to reach those goals.”,可判断。,思路点拨,78.,fewer,改写题。根据第五段“,Class sizes are usually smaller than in many traditional public schools.”,可判断。,思路点拨,79,traditional public schools,直接题。由倒数第二段“They say these schools may receive money badly needed by traditional public schools.”,可判断。,思路点拨,80.,(needed)space,直接题。根据最后一段“,Many also lack needed space.”,可判断。,思路点拨,理解是前提，而表述是目的和归宿。要正确、有效地表述信息要注意以下几点：,一、注意文字的简洁性,有以下几个规律可循：,(1),用名词所有格形式“,s”,代替介词,of,。,(2),词性转换。,(3),句子结构转换。主要通过加工压缩信息抓住要点。言简意赅，击中要害。因此怎样加工压缩信息就成了广大考生必备的一种技能。阅读填空题要掌握以下几种技能：,词形转换的能力。主要是看其前后的动词形式再作确认。如果前后都是动词原形那就不变；如果前后是,v,.ing,形式，那就要随其变形。,删减多余词汇的能力。一般主要是删去不影响主要意思表达的修饰词汇。如形容词、副词、冠词等等。,以群体代替个体。如有的将,a,/,an,n,.,变为其对应的复数形式。,原意改换能力。可以用同义或近义词代替；或用反义词或派生词改换；或用从句改写；或用意思接近的名词短语代替原句较长的句子。,同义、近义词归纳,1.run out(of)lack use up give out,用光，用尽,2.take place of replace,代替，替代,3.no matter what whatever,不管什么,4.international worldwide global universal throughout the world all over the world,全世界,e into being come into existence appear,形成，源于,6.in the countryside in rural areas,在乡下,in the city in urban areas,在城里,7.besides as well as whats more apart from in addition,而且，除了,8.split break,sth,.apart destroy damage,撕裂，毁坏,e out publish,出版，发行,10.remove get rid of,拆除，移走,11.immediately directly instantly secondly the moment the minute upon/on doing as soon as,一,就,12.solutions to do,sth,.ways to do,sth,./ways of doing,sth,.approaches to do,sth,.,做某事的方法,13every year yearly annual,每年，年年,14.make,sb,.have the ability to do,sth,.enable,sb,.to do,sth,.,使某人能够做某事,15.a growing number an increasing number,越来越多,16.work out a plan make a plan,制订计划,17.like,sth,.better prefer,更喜欢,18.make,sth,.better improve,使某物变好,19.take the advantage of make full/good use of,充分利用,20.be aware of know realize become conscious of,知道，意识到,21.believe in trust have faith/trust in,相信，信任,22.give up abandon stop quit,放弃,23.go to a foreign country go abroad,出国,24.be not present at be absent from,缺席,25.be present at attend,出席，参加,26.take in absorb,吸收,27.speed up quicken accelerate,加速,28.occasionally accidentally incidentally once in a while,偶尔,29.accomplishcomplete get through,完成,30.because of due to on account of owing to thanks to,因为，由于,31.occupy account for make up,构成，占,32.accuse of charge with,控告,33.look up to admire show respect for,钦佩，仰慕,34.grownup adult,成人,(,的,),35.move forward advance,前进,36.have an effect/influence on affect,影响,37.later on afterwards,之后,38.be afraid of be scared of be terrified at fear be frightened,害怕,39.disapprove of oppose object to disagree to be against,反对,40.by oneself alone,独自地,41.lose ones temper get angry/annoyed,发怒,42.make,sth,.known to the public announce declare,宣布,43.reply to answer make response to react to,回答,44.be anxious about be concerned about be worried about,担心,45.make an apology to say sorry to apologize,道歉,46.appeal to interest attract,吸引,47.give birth to bear,生育,48.cause trouble to bother disturb,打扰，妨碍,49.have the courage to be brave to,有勇气，勇敢,50.refuse to accept boycott,拒绝接受,51.out of breath breathless,上气不接下气,52.figure out calculate,计算,53.call off cancel,取消,54.hold a celebration celebrate in celebration of observe,庆祝,55.one hundred years century,世纪,56.run after chase,追赶,57.mix,sth,.up combine with,混合,58.at ease comfortable,舒适，放松,59.make up for compensate,弥补,60.take part in compete in participate in join in attend,参加,61.draw a conclusion conclude,作结论,62.carry out conduct perform,实施,63.contribute to lead to result in,造成，导致,64.be convinced of believe,信服，相信,65.be important count matter,重要,66.rely on count on depend on,依赖，依靠,67.at risk in danger,处于危险中,68.know nothing about in the dark,一无所知,69.turn a deaf ear to refuse to listen to,充耳不闻,70.deal with handle cope with do with,处理，对付,71.ten years decade,十年,72.make up ones mind decide to do determine to be determined to,下定决心,73.win over defeat,击败,74.delay put off postpone,推迟,75.on purpose deliberately by design,故意,76.give a description of describe,描述,77.in spite of despite,尽管,78.be worthy of deserve,值得,79.be different from differ from,与,不同,80.on display on show on exhibition,展览,81.be drunk with be bent on be addicted to be crazy about,沉溺于，着迷,82.run away escape,逃跑,83.earn a living make a living,谋生,84.employ adopt use take on,采用,85.full of energy energetic,精力充沛的,86.would like to do,sth,.enjoy doing,sth,.feel like doing,sth,.be fond of doing,sth,.,想要做某事,87.make sure ensure,确保,88.at last eventually,最后，终于,89.here and there everywhere,到处，处处,90.work out exercise,锻炼,91.as a matter of fact in fact/effect actually,事实上,92.make fun of laugh at play tricks/jokes on make a fool of,嘲笑，捉弄,93.grasp take hold of catch hold of,抓住,94.body language gesture,肢体语言,95.go hungry starve,挨饿,96.pay no attention to ignore overlook take no notice of,不关注,97.at a loss feel puzzled at be confused at,不知所措,98.go with match,相配,99.keep up maintain,保持,100.at the same time meanwhile,同时,101.take place occur,发生,102.be well received popular,受欢迎,103.take the possession of own possess,拥有,104.in public ,publically,公开地,105.take pride in be proud of,以,为自豪,106.set free release,释放,107.look like resemble,像,108.stand for represent,代表,109.seek search ,search,for hunt for look for,寻找，搜寻,110.all of a sudden all at once suddenly,突然地,111.put up with tolerate stand bear,忍受,112.put on weight gain weight,长胖,113.speak in a low voice whisper,低语,二、注意表述的概括性,概括性是英语阅读填空所考查的重点，要求对阅读信息具有较强的综合归纳能力。在解答这类题时，要找出共性，根据标题词的特点表达，平时注意积累典型的概括性词汇及其常用搭配，以便迅速锁定最佳词语。,阅读填空的概括性词汇分类归纳,表原因：,reason(for),cause(of),目的：,purpose,aim,destination(,目的地,),goal,target,种类：,kind of,type of,sort of,variety of,category of,style(,风格,),方式：,means,way,method,方位：,location,position,建议：,advice,suggestion,recommendation,tip,观点：,attitude,idea,opinion,aspect,concern,用途,(,功能,):usage,function,变化，趋势：,trend,development,raise,increase,decrease,change,spreading,描述：,description,appearance,look,color,size,length,width,distance,height,shape,来源，历史：,history,source,origin,root,影响，结果：,effect,influence,result,consequence,措施，行动：,measure,action,activity,益处，不利：,benefit,advantage,convenience,disadvantage,概括，总结：,summary,conclusion,主题：,topic,theme,main idea,subject,特点：,feature,characteristic,评论：,comment,remark,assessment,问题：,problem,question,issue,需求：,demand,need,requirement,内容，项目：,content,item,事实，细节：,fact,detail,信息：,information,情绪，感觉：,feeling,emotion,物质，材料：,substance,material,步骤：,beginning,ending,step,procedure,process,比例：,rate(,比例，速度,),percentage,天气，气候：,weather,climate,灾难，事故：,disaster,accident,threat,关系：,relation,relationship,不同：,difference,diversity,交通：,traffic,transportation,时间，年代，年龄：,date,time,age,性别：,sex,国籍：,nationality,质量，数量：,quality,quantity,number,速度：,speed,事件：,incident,event,反应：,response,实践：,practice,定义：,definition,产品：,product,防止：,prevention,precaution,程度：,degree,相同，不同：,similarity,difference,信仰：,belief,答案：,solution,answer,人口：,population,资源：,resource,职位：,position,职业：,work,job,occupation,profession,设备：,equipment,任务：,task,组织者：,organizer,sponsor,参加者：,participant,种族：,race,peoples,三、注意表述的对称性,对称性是英语阅读填空的又一要求。考生必须对试题所在表格中的上下、左右进行研究，挖掘出其表达形式的共性，如名词短语、介词短语、非谓语动词短语及特殊符号等都应该保持一致。,四、注意表达的正确性,正确表达是英语阅读填空的基本要求。考生在找出相关信息后，必须仔细研究，作出正确的表达。务必要避免时态、人称、单复数形式的错误，更不能出现拼写、标点符号等错误。,