高考英语第一轮总复习经典实用学案 高三册Units11-12 学案.ppt

Units 11,12,Key to success&Education,(2009,湖北八校一联,),某中学生英文报对是否该取消,“,五一,”,长假及其理由，在中学生中进行了问卷调查。调查结果如下：,赞成取消,(24%),不赞成取消,(76%),游客集中，交通拥挤。景点污染，文物受损。,春暖花开季节，适合出游踏青，放飞心情。促进旅游经济、商品销售业的发展。,请你以该报纸英语编辑的身份，根据上表调查结果，以,May Day Long Holidays,Kept or Cancelled,为题，为报纸写一篇,110,左右的简短英语报道。开头已为你写好，不计入总字数。,May Day Long Holidays,Kept or Cancelled?,Recently,we carried out a survey on whether the May Day long holidays should be cancelled or not by means of questionnaire among students.The results are as follows,：,_,_,参考答案,May Day Long Holidays,Kept or Cancelled?,Recently,we carried out a survey on whether the May Day long holidays should be cancelled or kept by means of questionnaire among students.The results are as follows,：,About 24%of the surveyed people are in,favour,of the canceling.The defenders state that the May Day long holidays contribute to many problems.For a start,many tourists choose to travel during the long holidays;as a consequence,the traffic,whether the train or the plane,is very crowded,which,of course,brings a lot of inconveniences to the people who need to make regular trips.It is an accepted fact that every tourist attraction can only receive a certain number of visitors,but now with the tourists flowing in,the scenic spots are damaged and some cultural relics are ruined.Anyway,none of us,including the visitors,is willing to see the consequence.,However,another 76%are strongly against the canceling.May is a good time for outing and to experience spring,so people need the long holiday.No one can deny that the tourism economy is promoted,especially sales of commodity in the tourism destinations.,Maybe whether the May Day long holidays will be cancelled or kept depends on the government,s policy.,.,重点单词,1,_(,v,i,.),拒绝；变小；变少；变弱,(,v,t,.),拒绝；使下降,(,n,.),下降；衰退；斜坡,2,_(,v,i,.),辞职,3,_(,adj,.),互相矛盾的；互相对立的,4,_(,v,t,.),使尴尬；使为难,5,_(,n,.),妥协；和解；折衷,6,_(,adj,.),暂时的；临时的,7,_(,v,t,.),怀疑；不相信,(,n,.),嫌疑犯；可疑对象,8,_(,n,.),名声；名誉；名气,9,_(,n,.),描述；介绍；提出,10,_(,n,.),计划表；日程安排表,11,_(,v,t,.),选择；挑选；选拔,12,_(,v,t,.),取得；获得,13,_(,v,t,.),提倡,14,_(,adj,.),常怀疑的,15,_(,adj,.),义务的；有责任的；必须做的,16,_(,n,.),负荷；负载,答案,1decline,2.resign,3.contradictory,4.embarrass,5,compromise,6.temporary,7.suspect,8.reputation,9,presentation,10.schedule,11.select,12.obtain,13,advocate,14.sceptical,pulsory,16.load,.,词汇拓展,1,shame,_(,adj,.),可耻的，丢脸的,_(,adj,.),无耻的,2,combination,_(,v,.),使,(,结合,),3,finance,_(,adj,.),_(,n,.),金融家,4,congratulate,_(,n,.),祝贺；贺词,5,definite,_(,adj,.),决定性的,_(,ad,v,.),确切地,6,ambitious,_(,n,.),野心，志向,7,violent,_(,n,.),暴力，暴行,8,regulation,_(,adj,.),_(,反义词,),不规则的,9,excite,_(,adj,.),兴奋的,_(,adj,.),令人兴奋的,_(,n,.),激动，兴奋,10,division,_(,adj,.),_(,v,.),分开，分散,11,expectation,_(,v,.),_(,adj,.),预料的；预期的,12,uncertain,_(,反义词,)ad,v,.),无疑地，确实地,_(,n,.),确信，确实,13,summary,_(,v,.),概括，总结,_(,n,.),总数，总计,14,restriction,_(,v,.),_(,adj,.),限制性的,15,suit,_(,adj,.),合适的，适宜的,16,evident,_(,n,.),证明，证据,17,profession,_(,adj,.),职业的，专业的,18,donate,_(,n,.),捐赠物,19,expand,_(,n,.),_(,adj,.),广阔的,20,tendency,_(,v,.),趋向，倾向,21,distribute,_(,n,.),_(,n),分发者，分配者,_(,adj,.),经销的，分销的,答案,1,shameful;shameless,bine,3,financial;financier,4.congratulation,5,definitive;definitely,6.ambition,7.violence,8,regular;irregular,9.excited;exciting;excitement,10,divisible;divide,11.expect;expected,12,certain;certainly;certainty,13.summarize;sum,14,restrict;restrictive,15.suitable,16.evidence,17,professional,18.donation,19.expansion;expansive,20,tend,21.distribution;distributor;distributive,.,重点短语,1,_ demand,需求,2,make the best _,充分利用,3,count._.,把,当作、视为,4,_ a whole,普遍说来；作为整体,5,take._ account,考虑；体谅,6,keep an eye _,照料；照管,7,_ reality,事实上；实际上,8,pull out _,从,中退出,9, thick and thin,不畏艰险；在任何情况下,10,stick _,继续支持；保持联系,答案,1,in,2.of,3.as,4.as,5.into,6.on,7,in,8.of,9.through,10.with,.,重点句型,1,What if.,？要是,又怎么样？,2,Considering that.,考虑到,3,Be careful to describe the subject of the graph rather than the picture the graph makes.,认真描述图表所反映的问题而不是描述图表的画面。,.,词汇聚焦,1,embarrass,vt,.,使为难；使尴尬,搭配：,be/feel,embarrassed(at,/by/with.)(,对,),感到尴尬,embarrassing questions/position/silence,令人尴尬的问题,/,地位,/,沉默,Some people will be embarrassed if others keep praising them in their face.,如果别人当面不停地夸奖自己，有些人会感到不好意思。,Don,t embarrass them with personal questions.,不要问隐私让他们感到尴尬。,指点迷津,embarrassed,adj人,),感到尴尬的；,embarrassing,adj,.(,事,),令人尴尬的,It is rather _ that we still do not know how many species there are in the world today.,A.misleading,B.embarrassing,C.boring D.demanding,解析：,句意：我们还不知道目前世界上的动植物有多少种类，这是令人尴尬的事。,embarrassing,“,令人尴尬的,”,；,misleading,“,令人误解的,”,；,boring,“,令人厌倦的,”,；,demanding,“,(工作,),苛求的，费力的,”,。,答案：,B,2,excite,vt,.,使兴奋；使激动,excited,a,(,人,),兴奋的；激动的,excitedly,ad,v,.,exciting,a,(,事,),使人激动的；令人兴奋的,excitingly,ad,v,.,excitement,n,.U,刺激；激动；兴奋,搭配：,become/get excited at/by/about/over/with,因,而激动兴奋,Strong coffee excites your nerves.,浓咖啡刺激神经，使人兴奋。,I was very excited when I knew that I had passed the visa interview.,得知通过了签证面试，我非常兴奋。,This is an exciting story.,这是一个令人激动的故事。,The news caused great excitement.,这消息极令人兴奋。,指点迷津,excited,与,interested,surprised,用法相同，,exciting,与,interesting,surprising,用法相同。,Most people find it difficult to tell one from another in any case.I stayed to watch the races,and I must admit I found it quite _.,A.exciting B.dangerous,C.boring D.peculiar,解析：,exciting,“,激动人心的,”,。根据下文,Anyway,the crowd around me were obviously enjoying their day out at the races.,可判断出作者认为这种比赛是激动人心的。,dangerous,“,危险的,”,；,boring,“,无聊的,”,；,peculiar,“,奇怪的,”,。,答案：,A,3,analyse,vt,.,分析；研究,analyse,the cause of the failure,分析失败的原因,analyse,a sentence when studying grammar,学习语法时对句子进行分析,analysis,n,C,，,U,分析，研究,He,analysed,the food and found it contained poison.,他对食物作了化验，发现有毒。,指点迷津,analyse,又作,analyze(AmE,),Specialists will be invited to _ our present system before we try to improve it.,A.measure B.comment,C.explain D.,analyse,解析：,句意：在我们改进目前的体系之前，要邀请专家进行分析。,analyse,“,分析,”,；,measure,“,测量,”,；,comment(on),“,评论,”,；,explain,“,解释,”,。,答案：,D,4,advocate,vt,.,提倡，主张,搭配：,advocate(doing),sth,.,提供、主张做某事,advocate,v,t,.,表示,“,提倡，主张,”,时，后可跟名词或动名词即,advocate,sth,./advocate doing,sth,.,，也可跟,that,从句，从句中谓语动词应用,should,型虚拟语气，即,advocate that,sb,.(should)do,sth,./advocate that,sth,.(should)be done.,Most feminists advocate equal pay for men and women.,许多女权主义者提倡男女同工同酬。,指点迷津,advocate,后面不能接动词不定式，搭配与,suggest,近似。,Mr,Jones holds strong views against video games and _ the closing of all recreational facilities for such games.,A.assists B.permits,C.advocates D.admits,解析：,句意为：琼斯先生强烈反对电子游戏，倡导关闭所有开发此类游戏的娱乐设施。,advocates,“,提倡，主张,”,；,assist,“,援助，帮助,”,；,permit,“,允许,”,；,admits,“,承认，接纳,”,。,答案：,C,5,donate,vt,.,捐赠，赠送,donate,sth,.(to,sb./sth,.),捐赠，赠送,(,钱、物等,),donate large sums to relief organizations,向救济组织捐赠巨款,donate blood,献血,donation,n,.C,捐赠物；,n,.U,捐赠，赠送,指点迷津,donate,虽然是及物动词，但不能接双宾语，常与介词,to,搭配。类似用法的词语还有：,introduce,sb,.to,sb,.,explain,sth,.to,sb,.,If most breadwinners _ a day,s pay to the Hope Project,then it will be hopeful.,A.gift B.present,C.donate D.give,解析：,句意：如果大多数养家人都为希望工程捐献他一天所得，那么希望工程大有希望。,gift,指赋予某人什么才能，通常用于被动语态；,give,为一般用语；,present,是正式颁给某人，通常附有仪式，着重强调赠者与接受方的关系；,donate,所赠的对象一般是慈善事业或机构。,答案：,C,.,短语突破,The population as a whole is/are in,favour,of the reform.,全体人民普遍拥护改革。,On the whole,I,m in,favour,of the proposal.,总的说来，我赞成这个提议。,指点迷津,as a whole,通常不与它的修饰成分分开，而,on the whole,通常用作插入成分，需用逗号与句子其他成分分开。,I,ll tell you how to do it once again.,我将再告诉你一次怎么做。,指点迷津,以上短语通常作状语。,If you do have difficulties in picking up the,programmes,with a short,wave radio,it is better to try it _ another day.,A.at once B.once in a while,C.once D.once again,解析：,at once,“,立刻,”,；,once in a while,“,偶尔,”,；,once,“,一次,”,；,once again,“,再一次，又一次,”,。根据句意，只有,D,项符合题意。,答案：,D,The general pulled his troops out of the area.,将军把他的部队从那个地区撤了出来。,TV,programmes,usually cater to all tastes.,电视通常提供各种不同趣味的娱乐节目。,When judging his performance,don,t take his age into account.,评价他的表演时，不要考虑他的年龄。,He didn,t live up to his reputation.,他的生活与他的名声不符。,指点迷津,cater to,中的,to,为介词，后需接名词或动名词作宾语；,in reality,和,in fact,常用作状语。,We thought they had come to repair the phone,but in _,，,they were burglars.,A.reality B.addition,C.future D.vain,解析：,句意：我们原以为他们是来修电话的，可实际上他们是强盗。,in reality,“,事实上，实际上,”,；,in addition,“,另外，而且,”,；,in future,“,未来，将来,”,；,in vain,“,徒然地，白费力地,”,。,答案：,A,Keep an eye on the baby.,照看一下这个婴儿。,I,ve lost my ring.Could you keep an eye out for it when you clean the house?,我的戒指不见了。你打扫房子时能留点神吗？,指点迷津,keep an eye on,与,take care of,look after,近义；,keep an eye open,与,watch,近义。,Could you please _ my suitcase for a moment?,With pleasure.,A.keep an eye open for B.keep your ears open,C.keep eyes on D.keep an eye on,解析：,keep an eye on,“,照料，照管,”,；,keep an eye open for,“,留心，注意,”,；,keep one,s ears open,“,留心听,”,。,答案：,D,5,stick with,sb./sth,.,继续支持某人,/,某事；保持与某人,/,某事联系,stick to,坚持,(to,为介词,),stick out,伸出，突出,I,m sticking with my original idea.,我坚持我原来的主张。,Stick with me and you,ll be all right.,有事你来找我就没问题了。,Don,t stick your head out of the car window.,不要把头伸到车窗外。,指点迷津,stick to,坚持理论,(,观点、看法等,),；,insist on doing,sth,.,坚持做某事。,Suddenly I regained hope.I decided to _ next year.,A.hold on B.turn to,C.begin with D.stick with,解析：,从下文判断,“,她决定明年坚持比赛,”,，,stick with,“,坚持,”,。,答案：,D6,drop out(of),退出，辍学,drop by/in,顺便,(,或偶然,),访问,drop in at some place,参观,(,某地,),drop in on,sb,.,拜访,(,某人,),drop off,睡着；,(,让,),下车，把,放下；下降，减少,Since his defeat he,s dropped out of politics.,他失败后就不再从事政治活动了。,The manager dropped in unannounced at the office several times a week.,经理每星期都不经事先通知来办公室几次。,I must have dropped off for a few minutes.,我一定是睡着了几分钟。,指点迷津,drop in at/on.,为顺便拜访，而,visit,或,pay a visit to,为专程拜访。,Joe Jones,the eldest of the eight children,had to _ out of high school at the age of 16 to help his father on the farm.,A.leave B.drop,C.fall D.go,解析：,leave,作,“,离校，退学或毕业,”,讲时，是及物动词，即,leave schooldrop out of,有,“,放弃,”,的意思；,fall out,为,“,争吵，发生，产生,的结果,”,；,go out of school,虽有,“,走出学校,”,的意思，但不符合语境，这里是,“,退学,”,的意思，故选,B,。,答案：,B,7,result in,产生某种作用或结果,result from(,因而,),产生，发生，出现,Our efforts resulted in success.,我们的努力终于成功了。,Hs injuries resulted from a fall.,他因摔倒而受的伤。,指点迷津,result in,后面常接结果；,result from,后常接原因。,A love marriage,however,does not necessarily _ much sharing of interest and responsibilities.,A.take over B.result in,C.hold on D.result from,解析：,result in,“,导致，引起,”,；其他选项意思分别为：,take over,“,接管,”,；,hold on,“,继续，坚持,”,；,result from,后接原因，表示,“,因,而发生，产生,”,。,答案：,B,8,to begin with,首先，第一，起初,(1)in the first place;firstly,首先，第一,(2)at first,起初,To begin with he had no money,but later he became quite rich.,他起初没钱，可是后来相当富有了。,指点迷津,to begin with,为一固定词组，不能去掉,to,，它与,firstly,at first,“,相近,”,。,I,m not going._ I haven,t a ticket,and second I don,t like the play.,A.Begin with B.Beginning with,C.To begin with D.Begun with,解析：,to begin with,“,首先，第一,”,；,begin with,“,以,开始,”,。,答案：,C,.,句型归纳,1,It is important that all members of the team feel that each of them makes an equal contribution and that they help and support each other.,所有队员都感觉他们中每个人所做的贡献是相等的，而且他们能相互帮助和支持，这一点是很重要的。,思维拓展,it,作形式主语的句型：,It,be,过去分词,that,从句。,It is believed that China will become one of the strongest countries in the world.,人们相信，中国将成为世界上最强大的国家之一。,(,本句型常用的动词是：,say,hope,think,suppose,expect,report,know,believe,decide,等,),It,be,形容词,that,从句。,It is probable that she will be a little late.,她可能要迟到一会儿。,It,be,名词,that,从句。,It is a truth that there would be no new China without the Communist Party.,没有共产党，就没有新中国，这是一个真理。,It,seems/happens/appears,等不及物动词,that,从句。,It seems that he enjoys pop songs very much.,看来他非常喜欢流行音乐。,如果句子是疑问形式，就只能用,it,作形式主语。,Is it true that he will go abroad next week?,他下周要出国，是真的吗？,固定句型：,It takes,sb,.some time to do,sth,.,某人花多少时间做某事,It took him fourteen hours to go to New Zealand from Shanghai by plane.,乘飞机从上海到新西兰花了他,14,个小时。,It is,adj,.,for,sb,.to do,sth,.,It is difficult for us to finish the task in such a short time.,在这么短的时间内我们要完成这项任务是很困难的。,The Foreign Minister said,“,_ our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.,”,A.This is B.There is,C.That is D.It is,解析：,本题考查,It,作形式主语的用法。通过分析题干结构可知，,that,引导主语从句，因此需用,It is,It,作形式主语。而,this,that,无此用法，,B,项意义不当。,答案：,D,2,It is reported that 99%of school,age children in China attended primary school by 2004.,据报道，到,2004,年，,99%,的适龄儿童都上小学了。,It is reported that.(It is,p,.,p,.,that.),据报道,People report that,主句,主语,be reported to do.,思维拓展,It,s hoped that.,人们希望,It,s thought that.,有人认为,It,s ordered that.,已下令,It,s supposed that.,据推测,It,s well known that.,众所周知,It,s pointed out that.,需要指出的是,It must be admitted that.,必须承认的是,指点迷津,句型中,it,作形式主语，,that,引导主语从句，不能省略。,Robert is said _ abroadbut I don,t know what country he studied in.,A.to have studied B.to study,C.to be studying D.to have been studying,解析：,动词不定式的完成式表示过去发生的事，所提供的情景,what country he studied in,表明,Robert,过去曾在某个国家学习过，要填,to have studied,。,答案：,A,3,In north and central Australia the population is so spread out that children in some rural settlements can be as far as 1,000 km away from the nearest school.,在澳大利亚的北部和中部地区，人口很分散，一些偏远地区的孩子们离最近的学校也有,1,000,千米。,so.that.,如此,以致于,，,that,引导结果状语从句在,so.that.,或,such.that.,句型中，,that,在状语从句中不作任何句子成分，注意与定语从句中的,that(,作主语或宾语,),区分。,思维拓展,指点迷津,such,是形容词，修饰名词，,so,是副词，修饰形容词、副词。,so little,后必须接不可数名词，表示,“,如此少的，这么少的,”,；若,little,意思是,“,小的,”,，是普通形容词，前面用,such,。,many,(a)few,much,(,a)little,用于,such,之前，表示,“,许多,/,一点这样的,”,；而,many,few,much,little,用于,so,之后，表示,“,这么多,/,少,”,。,a,an,用在,such,之后，但,no,any,some,all,以及数字用于,such,之前。,so,adj,.,a/an,单数可数名词,such,a/an,adj,.,单数可数名词,too,adj,.,a/an,单数可数名词,(,to do),as,adj,.a/an,单数可数名词,(,as),How,adj,.,a/an,单数可数名词,What,a/an,adj,.,单数可数名词,We were in _ when we left that we forgot the airline tickets.,A.a rush so anxious B.a such anxious rush,C.so an anxious rush D.such an anxious rush,解析：,such,后接名词，正确的词序是,such an anxious rush,。,so,是副词后接形容词，正确的词序是,so anxious a rush,。,答案：,D4,I had my hair cut off and sold it because.,我把头发剪了并且卖了因为,该句中,have,为使役动词，构成,have,sth,.done,结构，其中的,sth,.,与,do,之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系。,思维拓展,have,的常见用法：,助动词,用于陈述语气,You have been to Beijing,haven,t you?,用于虚拟语气,Without your help,we would have failed.,实义动词,与,got,连用，多用于口语，表示,“,有,”,。,I,ve got something interesting to tell you.,用于否定句，有,“,容忍，允许,”,之意。,I won,t have you say such things.,have,sth,.done,get,sth,.done,让某人做某事或使某事发生,I,d love to have this package weighed.,have,sb,.do,sth,.,让某人做某事,make,sb,.do,sth,.,get,sb,.to do,sth,.,have,sb,.doing,keep,sb,.doing,让某人处于某种状态或持续某种动作,My dad has only two men working for him.,won,t have,sb,.do/doing/done,不容忍，不允许,She won,t have herself treated as a commodity.,I won,t have you tell me what to do.,We won,t have you doing that.,固定搭配,have,sth,.on,穿戴,have it that,据,的说法,have a say,有权发言,have a pity on,同情，可怜,have in mind,考虑到,have a go,试一试,have no business,无权，没有理由,(,做某事,),Whom would you rather _ paint the wall?,Johnson.,A.ask B.order,C.have D.get,解析：,将此题还原为一个陈述句，即,“,You would rather,have(whom,)paint the,wall.,”,A,、,B,、,D,三个选项都必须接动词不定式，即,ask/order/get,sb,.to do,sth,.,。,答案：,C,5,Not only will these qualities make you rise in the eyes of others,you will also feel better about yourself.,这些品质不仅会使你在别人眼中的地位得到提升，也会使你自我感觉更好。,Not only.(but)also,“,不但,而且,”,，连接两个并列的成分。,指点迷津,not only,放在句首时，句子用部分倒装，但连接的成分是主语时，虽位于句首，也不用倒装语序。如：,Not only does she like English,(but)also she learns it well.,她不仅喜欢英语，而且学得好。,Not only I but also she likes English.,不仅我而且她也喜欢英语。,具有否定意义的词语,(,主语除外,),位于句首时用倒装。这类词有：