高考英语 Unit5知识与要点课件 新人教版选修6 课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,话题,The power of nature(,大自然的力量,),功能,Emotions(joy,，,fear,，,anxiety,，,surprise)(,情感,快乐、恐惧、担忧与惊奇,),语法,Revising the,ing form(,复习,ing,形式,),重点,单词,erupt,，,eruption,，,volcano,，,appoint,，,fog,，,evaluate,，,absolute,，,absolutely,，,potential,，,precious,，,uncomfortable,，,tremble,，,anxiety,，,anxious,，,panic,，,diverse,，,diversity,，,appreciate,，,guarantee,重点,短语,compare.with,/to,，,burn.to the ground,，,be appointed as,，,make ones way,，,protect.from/,against,，,take sb.by surprise,，,give birth to,，,glance through,，,vary from.to.,，,pick up,重点,句型,1.I was about to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.,2,The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study,but this being my first experience,I stayed at the top watched them.,3,Having bought the precious necklace,，,she had no money left.,4,The height of the land varies from 700 metres above sea level to over 2,000 metres and is home to a great diversity of rare plants and animals.,1,appoint vt.,任命，委派，约定,(,时间、地点等,),归纳拓展,(1)appoint sb.,任命某人,appoint sth.(for sth.)(,为某事,),确定,(,日期、场所,),appoint sb.as/to be.,把某人任命为,appoint sb.to do sth.,指派某人做某事,(2)appointment,n,约定，约会，任命,make/fix an appointment with,与,约会,keep,/break ones appointment,赴约,/,失约,They appointed him(as)captain of the England team.,他们任命他为英格兰队队长。,We must appoint someone to act as secretary.,我们得指定一个人当秘书。,The time appointed for the meeting was 10,：,30.,规定开会的时间是,10,：,30,。,She made an appointment for her son to see the doctor.,她为儿子约定了看医生的时间。,【,链接训练,】,Hes been_to the State Supreme Court in California.,A,determined B,appointed,C,admitted D,assumed,【,解析,】,determine,“,决定，确定,”,；,appoint,“,约定，任命，委任,”,；,admit,“,容许，承认,”,；,assume,“,假定，设想,”,。句意为：他被任命为加利福尼亚州最高法院的法官。,【,答案,】,B,2,absolute adj.,纯粹的；完全的；绝对的；专制的；不容置疑的,归纳拓展,(1),表示,perfect,，,complete,的意思。,(2)absolute,没有比较级，不被表示程度的副词，如,very,等修饰，但可以用,nearly,等修饰。,(3)absolute majority,绝对多数，超过半数,absolute trust,/proof,完全的信任,/,确凿的证据,absolute zero,绝对零度,(4)absolutely,ad,v,.,绝对地；完全地,(,常用于口语交际中,),His story was an absolute lie.,他的故事是十足的谎言。,Theres no absolute standard for it.,它没有绝对的标准。,Do you agree with me,？你同意我的意见吗？,Absolutely.,完全同意。,【,链接训练,】,Do you think there is possibility that theyll get married?,_.They dont have any common tastes.,A,Absolutely B,Certainly,C,Absolutely not D,Absolute not,【,解析,】,Absolutely not.,意为,“,(,他们,),绝对不会,(,结婚,),”,。,【,答案,】,C,3,suit n,一套衣服,v适合，使适宜,归纳拓展,(1)suit sb.,适合某人,suit.to.,使,适合,be suited for/to.,适合,(2)suitable,adj,.,合适的，适当的,be suitable for sb.,/sth.,适合于某人,/,某物,be suitable to do sth.,适合做某事,That colour doesnt suit your complexion.,那颜色不适合你的肤色。,He and his wife are well suited to each other.,他和妻子十分般配。,He tried to suit his performance to the audience.,他尽力使自己的表演迎合观众的口味。,The show is not suitable for children.,该表演不太适合少儿观看。,同类辨析,suit,，,match,与,fit,(1)suit,多指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位等。,(2)match,多指大小、色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配。,(3)fit,多指大小、形状合适，引申为,“,吻合,”“,协调,”,。,【,链接训练,】,How about eight oclock outside the cinema?,That_me fine.,A,fits B,meets,C,satisfies Dsuits,【,解析,】,考查动词辨析。,fit,多指,“,大小、形状合适,”,；,meet,，,satisfy,常指,“,满足,”,；,suit,指,“,合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位等,”,。,【,答案,】,D,There is growing public anxiety over the safety of the trapped people.,公众对被困人们的安全的担忧在不断滋长。,He is still absent.Im anxious about him.,他依然未到，实在让我担心。,He was anxious that the meeting the following day should be a success.,他希望第二天的会议成功。,【,链接训练,】,“,My fathers sick,，,”,she said to no one in particular.I could see the_and fear in her eyes.,A,anxiety B,curiosity,C,decision D,attempt,【,解析,】,考查名词辨析。句意为：她并没有特别对某个人说，,“,我的父亲病了,”,。我从她的目光中能看得出担心和恐惧。,anxiety,“,忧虑，担心,”,，与题意相符。,curiosity,“,好奇心,”,；,decision决定,”,；,attempt,“,尝试,”,。,【,答案,】,A,5,panic n,恐慌，惊慌,vt.&vi.(,使人或动物,),恐慌，惊慌,注意：,panic,的过去式、过去分词为,panicked,；现在分词为,panicking,。,归纳拓展,(1)panic over,/about/,at sth.,对某事感到惊慌；因,而恐慌,panic sb.into doing sth.,使某人,(,因惊慌,),仓促做某事,(2)be in a panic,处在恐慌中,(,表状态,),get into a panic,陷入恐慌,(,表动作,),be seized with a panic,惊慌失措,in a state of panic,惊恐万分,The birds panicked at the sound of the gunfire,，,flying in all directions.,鸟儿听到枪响，吓得四处飞散了。,The eruption of volcano panicked many people into leaving this area.,火山喷发吓得很多人逃离了这个地区。,She got into a real panic when she thought she had forgotten the tickets.,她想起忘了带入场券，顿时惊慌起来。,Shoppers fled the street in panic after two bombs exploded in central London.,两枚炸弹在伦敦市中心爆炸之后，购物者惊慌失措地逃离了那条街。,【,链接训练,】,He _ and ran as fast as he could to safety.,A,paniced B,panicked,C,to panic D,panicking,【,解析,】,句意为：他很惊慌，赶快跑到安全的地方。,panic,的过去式和过去分词都是,panicked;,另外，空白处是句子的谓语，非谓语形式是不能独立作谓语的。,【,答案,】,B,The audience was thrown into a(n)_ when the fire started.,A,terror B,panic,C,disorder C,alarm,【,解析,】,throw into a panic,“,使慌乱,”,是固定短语。,terror,通常当不可数名词用；,disorder,是抽象名词，一般修饰事物或状态；,alarm,显然不能放在不定冠词,a,后面，而且也不可能与,throw,搭配。,【,答案,】,B,6,guarantee n,C,；,U,保证；商品保证；保证书,vt.,保证；保证,免受损失,(,或伤害等,),归纳拓展,(1)guarantee sb.against/from.,保证某人免受损害、危险等,guarantee to do sth.,保证要做某事,guarantee sth.to sb.,向某人担保,/,保证某事,be guaranteed to do sth.,必定会做某事,(2)give sb.a guarantee that.,向某人担保,(be)under guarantee,在保修期内,This insurance guarantees you against loss in case of fire.,这项保险保证你在发生火灾时不受损失。,I guarantee to pay off his debt.,I guarantee(that)I will pay off his debt.,我保证付清他的债务。,The watch is still under guarantee.,这只手表仍在保修期内。,Can you give me a guarantee that the work will be finished on time?,你能向我保证工作会按时完成吗？,诱导展望,guarantee,作,“,抵押,”,讲时是不可数名词，没有复数形式。,What do you have to offer as guarantee for the loan?,你用什么来做这笔贷款的抵押呢？,【,链接训练,Working hard is not only a _ of great success,，,but it is among the essential requirements.,A,sign,B,signal,C,guarantee,D,supposition,【,解析,】,句意为：刻苦努力不是取得巨大成功的唯一保证，但它是基本条件之一。,guarantee,“,保证,”,；,supposition,“,想象，假定,”,；,sign,“,迹象，标记，符号,”,；,signal,“,信号，暗号,”,。,【,答案,】,C,1,burn to the ground,全部焚毁,归纳拓展,由,burn,所构成的其他短语：,burn away,持续燃烧；,(,使,),烧掉，烧光,burn down(,建筑物被,),烧毁；火势渐弱,burn off,烧掉；烧除,burn out,熄灭；烧坏；,(,使,),精疲力尽,burn up,烧掉；烧毁；耗费,About 10 persons had no place to live in because their houses burnt to the ground in the fire that happened yesterday.,大约有,10,个人无处栖身因为他们的房子在昨天的火灾中被烧成了灰烬。,If you put more coal,，,the fire will burn up.,要是你再添点煤，火就会燃起来。,But for the fire fighters,，,the hotel burnt off.,要不是消防员，这家旅馆会被烧掉的。,【,链接训练,】,Be careful with fire,，,or it will _ the whole building.,A,burn down B,burn away,C,burn up D,burn out,【,解析,】,burn down,意为,“,焚为平地，烧得精光,”,，符合题意。,burn away,“,逐渐烧完,”,；,burn up,“,烧掉,”,；,burn out,“,烧光,”,，均不如,burn down,符合题意。,【,答案,】,A,2,make ones way,前往，向前,归纳拓展,feel ones way,摸索着前行,fight/push ones way,推挤着前行,wind ones way,蜿蜒向前,lose ones way,迷路,force ones way out,挤出去；冲出去,push ones way in,挤进去,Though it was raining hard,，,he made his way home.,尽管雨下得很大，他还是赶回家了。,Look,！,Many children are making their way to the beach.,看，许多孩子正往海滩走去。,We fought our way through the forest.,我们穿过森林前进。,The smoke winds its way out of the cave.,烟弯弯曲曲地飘出了山洞。,诱导展望,make ones way,与,go,同义，但更强调突破障碍、排除困难而前行。,【,链接训练,】,If you want to _ you must learn to work hard while you are still young.,A,make your way B,make its way,C,make a way D,make the way,【,解析,】,句意为：如果你想获得成功，你必须学会趁着年轻的时候努力工作。,C,、,D,两项本身有误，,make its way,意为,“,有利可图,”,，不符合句意。,【,答案,】,A,When that evening we made _ up to Helens flat,，,we found that Edward was there.,A,our ways B,our road,C,our roads D,our way,【,解析,】,make ones way,“,进行，前进,”,，,way,不用复数。,【,答案,】,D,3,vary from.to.,由,到,不等,归纳拓展,(1)vary in sth.(,大小、形状等,),不同，有别,vary with,随,而变化，改变,vary between.and.,从,到,转变,归纳拓展,(2)various,adj,.,各种各样的；多姿多彩的,varied,adj,.,各种各样的；变化的,variable,adj,.,可变的，易变的,(3)variety,n,.,不同种类；多样化,a variety of,varieties of,various,各种各样的,Opinions vary from individual to individual.,仁者见仁，智者见智The color of the leaves varies with weather.,叶子的颜色随着天气的变化而变化。,Theres a variety of dishes on the menu.,菜单上有种类繁多的菜肴。,【,链接训练,】,It is obvious that the hopes,，,goals,，,fears and desires _ widely between men and women,，,between the rich and the poor.,A,alter B,shift C,transfer D,vary,【,解析,】,句意为：显然，男人与女人之间、富人与穷人之间，他们的希望、目标、恐惧和渴望有很大区别。,vary,相当于,be different,。,alter,指,“,微小的变化,”,，不影响本质的改动；,shift,指位置、性质、形式等,“,改变、转变,”,。,transfer,表示,“,将某物,(,人,),由一处转移至另一处,”,。,【,答案,】,D,The meaning of life _ according to the nature of ones lifestyle.,A,moves B,changes,C,varies D,turns,【,解析,】,vary,“,相异，存在不同之处,”,，符合题意。,move,“移动,”,；,change,“,改变,”,；,turn,“,转变,”,，均不合题意。,【,答案,】,C,4,I was about to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.,我正要回去睡觉，突然我的卧室亮如白昼。,归纳拓展,(1)be about to do sth.when sth.happened,表示,“,正要做某事，这时,/,那时突然发生了某事,”,。,此处,be about to do sth.,意为,“,即将要做某事,”,。其通常不用于带具体时间状语的句子中；,when,在此作连词使用相当于,and just then,或,and just at that time,，意为,“,正在这时,/,那时,”,，用来引出一个突然出现的动作。,(2)be doing sth.when sth.happened,表示,“,正在做某事，这时,/,那时某事突然发生了,”,。,(3)had done sth.when sth.happened,表示,“,刚做某事,(,多长时间,),，这时,/,那时突然发生了某事,”,。,Frank was about to leave when he noticed a letter lying on the floor.,弗兰克刚要离开，这时他发现地板上有一封信。,We were doing our homework when the light went out.,我们正在做作业，突然灯灭了。,同类辨析,be about to,与,be going to,(1)be about to,表示最近的将来，意为,“,即将,”,；,be going to,多表示计划或安排，意为,“,打算,”,。,(2)be about to,不可与具体的时间状语连用，如果有具体的时间状语，应用,be going to,结构。,We are about to leave.,我们就要走了。,We are going to leave tomorrow.,明天我们就要走了。,【,链接训练,】,Professor Lee was _ to go back for class again _ someone told him he was wanted on the phone.,A,about,；,as B,about,；,after,C,about,；,while D,about,；,when,【,解析,】,be about to do.when.,“,正要做,这时,”,，为固定句型，所以正确答案为,D,。句意为：李教授正要再次返回教室这时有人告诉他有人打电话找他。,【,答案,】,D,5,.but this being my first experienceI stayed at the top and watched them.,我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上看着他们。,此处,this being.,是独立主格结构。,归纳拓展,(1),独立主格结构的构成方法：,n,/,pron,.,v,.,ing/,ed,/to do/,n,.,/,adj,./,ad,v,./,prep,.phrase,。,独立主格结构可分为两部分：一部分是名词或代词,(,主格,),，起着逻辑主语的作用；另一部分是由形容词、副词、名词、分词、不定式、介词短语等构成，表示前面名词或代词的状态、状况或动作。它们同在句中作状语、同位语或定语。,(2),独立主格结构在句法上独立于句子主体之外，跟主句没有任何句法联系，但在意义上却与主句紧密联系在一起，共同构成一个完整的语义环境；独立主格结构没有主语和谓语，只有逻辑上的主语；独立主格结构可置于句首、句尾，用逗号与主句隔开。在句子中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随等。,School being over,，,the students left the classroom and went home.,放学了，学生们离开教室回家了。,The weather being fine,，,we have made up our minds to go for a picnic.,天气很好，我们决定去野炊。,He stood at the window,，,the sun shining upon his face.,他站在窗前，阳光洒在他的脸上。,The signal given,，,the train started.,信号发出了，火车启动了。,【,链接训练,】,There _ nothing to do,，,we went to the cinema and saw an adventurous film.,A,was B,had,C,being D,had been,【,解析,】,本题应选用现在分词构成独立主格结构。,【,答案,】,C,Such _ the case,，,I couldnt help but _ him.,A,being,；,support,B,is,；,to support,C,has been,；,supporting,D,be,；,supported,【,解析,】,cant help but,为固定短语，,but,后接不带,to,的不定式；,Such being the case,为独立主格结构，,the case,为逻辑主语。,【,答案,】,A,复习动词的,ing,形式作状语,1,动词的,ing,形式作状语时表示的动作是主语动作的一部分，与谓语表示的动作或状态是同时或几乎是同时发生的，或是先于谓语动词的动作发生，它的逻辑主语与句子的主语一致。动词的,ing,形式作状语时常表示时间、条件、原因、方式、伴随、让步、结果，多用逗号同句子其他成分隔开。,(1),表示时间，如果两个动作完全同时发生，可用,when/while,加现在分词表示。,Hearing the news,，,they all jumped with joy.,听到这个消息，他们都高兴得跳了起来。,Dont mention this while talking to him.,和他谈话时不要提这件事。,(2),表示条件，作条件状语，相当于条件状语从句，一般放在句首。,Going there by plane(,If you go there by plane),you will arrive tomorrow morning.,如果你乘飞机去那里的话，明天早上就会到。,注意：表示条件时主句中的谓语动词往往用将来时或带有情态动词。,(3),表示原因，作原因状语。通常放在句首。,Seeing nobody at home,，,she decided to leave a message.,看到没人在家，她决定给他们留个便条。,(4),表示行为方式或伴随情况，作方式状语或伴随状语。,All night long he lay awake,，,thinking of the problem.,他整夜躺在床上睡不着，思考着那个问题。,The whale looks for food using sound waves.,鲸鱼利用声波寻找食物。,(5),表示一种自然的或符合逻辑的结果。通常放在句子后面。,He fired his gun,，,killing the wolf.,他开枪了，把狼打死了。,(6),作让步状语，通常放在句首。,Riding a horse or driving a car,，,you should learn to control it.,无论是骑马还是驾车，你都得学会控制它。,注意：,当动词的,ing,形式作状语时，其逻辑主语就是句子主语。如果,v,.,ing,短语的逻辑主语和句子主语不一致，即为错句。,Smelling sweet and fresh,this food is very popular with local people and tourists.,这种食物闻起来既甘甜又新鲜，因此受到了当地人们及旅游者的喜爱。,(,Because this food smells sweet and fresh,this food is very popular with local people and tourists.),而不可以说：,Smelling sweet and fresh,local people and tourists are very fond of this food.,有时动词的,ing,形式或动词的,ing,短语有自己的逻辑主语，它们之间有逻辑上的主谓关系，称之为独立主格结构。,Class being over,，,the children could play football.,下课了，孩子们可以踢足球了。,(,句子主语为,the children,，动词的,ing,形式的逻辑主语是,class,，相当于：,When class was over,，,the children could play football.),v,.,ing,短语在句中作插入语，对全句作解释，此时不存在其逻辑主语必须和句子主语一致的问题。,Generally speaking,，,newspapers follow the American way.,一般来说，报纸采用美国英语的拼法。,2,现在分词的否定结构是在分词前加,not,，注意不要受谓语动词否定形式的影响。分词完成式的否定结构通常不把,not,置于,having,和过去分词之间。,Not knowing Toms telephone number,，,Mary was very anxious.,不知道汤姆的电话号码，玛丽很着急。,Not having finished my shopping,，,I couldnt go home.,还没买完东西，我不能回家。,3,现在分词有一般式和完成式,如果现在分词的动作和谓语的动作同时或几乎同时发生，现在分词用一般式；如果现在分词的动作发生在谓语动作之前，现在分词应当用完成式。,Having watered the flowers,，,he began to cut the grass.,他把花浇好后，开始割草。,注意：,(1),现在分词被动语态的一般式表示一个被动动作正在进行，或与谓语动词表示的动作同时进行；现在分词被动语态的完成式表示一个被动动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前已经完成。,Youll find the topic being discussed everywhere.,你会发现到处都在讨论这个话题。,Having been taught hundreds of words,，,the students can make up some simple dialogues.,被教会几百个单词后，这些学生能组织简单对话了。,(2),现在分词用作宾语补足语或主语补足语时，所表示的动作和谓语动词的动作是同时进行的。,The farmer saw smoke rising from the ground.,这农夫看到烟从地面升起。,(3),分词作伴随状语时，若表示,“,正在被,”,的概念时，一般不用现在分词的被动式，而用过去分词。,Followed by some officials,，,Premier Wen inspected Yushu.,温总理带着一些官员视察玉树。,不能说Being followed by some officials,，,.,【,链接训练,】,The boy often gives a satisfactory answer to the teachers question,，,_ just a minute.So hes usually the teacher pet.,A,thought B,having thought,C,and to think D,thinking,【,解析,】,此题为分词,ing,形式短语作状语，且,think,表示的动作发生在,give a satisfactory answer,之前，故用,having thought,。,【,答案,】,B,Her performance was a great success,，,_ more and more people.,A,attracting B,had attracted,C,attracted D,to attract,【,解析,】,句意为：她的演出很成功，吸引了越来越多的人。现在分词作结果状语表示必然的或符合逻辑的结果。,【,答案,】,A,_in the leg made it impossible for him to walk as fast as usual.,A,Injured B,Being injured,C,Having injured D,Having been injured,【,解析,】,句意为：腿部受伤使得他无法像往常一样走得那样快。,being injured,是动名词的被动语态，在句子中作主语。,【,答案,】,B,The World Expo Shanghai 2010 is more like a platform for cultural exchange,，,_people into closer contact with the rest of the world.,A,to bring B,bringing,C,brought D,having brought,【,解析,】,句意为：,2010,年上海世博会更像一个文化交流的平台，使得人们与世界的其他地方更紧密地联系在一起。现在分词短语作结果状语，符合题意。,【,答案,】,B,What made the student so upset?,_ to go to the movie.,A,Having not been allowed,B,Not having allowed,C,Because of not having allowed,D,Not having been allowed,【,解析,】,句意为：,什么事让这位同学如此沮丧？,没让他去看电影吧。第二句回答第一句话,what,提出的问题。,because of,引导原因状语，非谓语动词的否定式应在其前加,not,，因此排除,A,、,C,项，根据句意应用被动形式，所以选,D,。,【,答案,】,D,