(优化方案)高考英语一轮复习 unit22课件 北师大版选修8 课件.ppt

Units 2224,选修,8,晨练时刻,句型品味,1,I have recently made a survey among 30 boys and 30 girls in our school about their purpose of surfing the Internet.,2,Recently Ive made a survey,，,which is about the present conditions of the students.,3,According to the figures we gathered,50%said they read at least one of the,bestselling,novels in their spare time.,4,Only by looking at the chart can we see that a majority of them are in favor of it.,晨练时刻,句型品味,5,As you can tell by the chart,the best choice would be a combination of TV and magazine ads.,6,As far as I am concerned,we students should balance our physical exercise and studies.,7,Here are the results,：,Different people have different attitudes towards the health problems.,8,In 2008,，,sales of the computer went up by 16%compared with 0.78 billion the previous year.,晨练时刻,句型品味,9,Recently a survey has been done to find out the reading interests of senior middle school students.,10,In this survey,one thousand senior middle school students from ten schools in,Hubei,Province were interviewed.,11,The Ministry of Education calls on students to exercise for an hour every day,in the hope that they will have good health to work fifty years and enjoy the whole life.,晨练时刻,句型品味,12,Compared with the tuition fees of the South University,which is 8,000,yuan,per year,I can save 3,000,yuan,every year if I choose the North University.,13,They say,，,the easier the means of communication are,the less emotion people give.,晨练时刻,典例朗读,最近，某网站“高中教育是否应该取消文理分科”进行调查，有数万名网民参与投票。结果如下：,人数比例,原因,54%,主张取消文理分科,1.,学生综合素质和竞争力下降；,2,不利于培养学生的人文素养。,40%,主张保持文理分科,1.,学生负担小；,2,有充裕的时间发展优势学科。,晨练时刻,典例朗读,请根据表格的内容，以“,Should Science and Arts Education Be Separated,？”为题，写一篇,120,150,词的英语短文，谈谈你对当前的高中文理分科教育模式的看法。,_,晨练时刻,典例朗读,One possible version,：,Should Science and Arts Education Be Separated?,Recently a survey has been conducted about whether the separation of science and arts education should be cancelled.54%of the people agree to cancel the separation practice while 40%are against it.,Those who are in favor of,cancelling,the practice think that the separation of science and arts education has resulted in the poor quality of,晨练时刻,典例朗读,students,which cannot satisfy the demands of modern society.Besides,students need a good understanding of both science and arts to improve their personality and national competitiveness.,However,those who want to keep the separation argue that it is better for students to be educated separately because it can relieve students heavy load.With fewer subjects to learn,they can have more free time to take exercise and learn their favorite subjects.,Personally,I agree to cancel the separation practice.,Unit 22 Environmental Protection,环境保护,考纲知识预览,重点单词,1,vt,.,使困住,2,prep,.,超出,3,vt,.&,vi,.,牺牲，献出,4,vt,.,主张，提倡,5,vt,.,回收利用,6,vt,.,宣判死刑，注定毁灭,7,n,.,代替品，代用品,8,vt,.,依法没收，扣押,9,n,.,规模，大小,trap,beyond,sacrifice,advocate,recycle,condemn,substitute,seize,scale,考纲知识预览,10,adj,.,艰难的,11,n,.,方法,12,vt,.&,vi,.,逃走,13,n,.,农业,adj,.,农业的,14,prep,.&,n,.,考虑到；假设事实,adj特定的，预定的,15,adj,.,无关紧要的，价值不大的,adj,.(,反义词,),有重大意义的，显著的,rough,agriculture,agricultural,means,flee,given,given,insignificant,significant,考纲知识预览,16,n,.,保留，存疑,v,.,保留；储备；预订,n,.,保护区；储备,17,vt,.,威胁,n,.,威胁,18,adj,.,多变的,n,&,v,.,变化,19,n,.,分离，分开,vt,.&,adj,.,分离，分开；不同的，各自的,reservation,reserve,reserve,threaten,threat,changeable,change,separation,separate,考纲知识预览,20,vt,.,建造,n,.,建造,21,vt,.,采用,n,.,收养；采用,22,adj,.,想得周到的，体贴的,vt,.,考虑；认为,n,.,考虑,23,n,.,资金,adj,.,财政的；金融的,construct,construction,adopt,adoption,considerate,consider,consideration,finance,financial,考纲知识预览,24,n,.,政治,(,活动,),adj,.,政治的,n,.,政治家,25,vt,.,削尖,adj,.,尖的；锐利的,26,vt,.,计算，算出,n,.,计算,n,.,计算器,politics,political,politician,sharpen,sharp,calculate,calculation,calculator,考纲知识预览,1,摆脱，脱离,2,超出,的控制；不受,的控制,3,展望未来,4,提到；涉及；参考；查阅,5,依次；转而,6,引起，导致,7,采取行动,高频短语,break away from,beyond ones control,look ahead,refer to,in turn,lead to,take action,考纲知识预览,8,除,以外,9,(,对已产生的不良后果,),负责任,10,要求结束,11,实际上,12,代表,13,掠去，夺走,14,总的来说,15,导致,16,祝一切顺利,apart from,answer for,call for an end to sth.,as a matter of fact,on somebodys behalf,carry off,all in all,result in,all the best,考纲知识预览,1,the suns rays would bounce back into space,the Earth cold and impossible to live on.,如果没有这些自然存在的气体，太阳的光线将会离开地球，返回到太空，使地球变得寒冷，人类将无法居住。,常考句型,Without these naturally occurring,leaving,gases,考纲知识预览,2.,this data,，,the link between human activities and rising global temperatures is not merely a coincidence.,鉴于这些数据，好像人类活动与正在升高的地球温度之间的联系并不仅仅是巧合。,Given,it seems that,考纲知识预览,3,the Titanic was the largest,the most beautiful,the most technologically advanced and the safest ship,，,and this made people believe that it was unsinkable.,人们声称泰坦尼克号是所造的最大、最豪华、技术最高超、最安全的船只，这就使人们相信它是不可能沉没的。,It had been declared that,that had ever been built,名师一线讲坛,1.beyond prep.,超出，为,所不能及；在,一边,beyond the mountain,在山那边,beyond midnight,午夜以后,beyond ones control/repair,不受,控制；无法修理,beyond ones reach,够不着，超出,之外,be beyond sb.,使人无法理解、想像,单词点击,点对点,名师一线讲坛,beyond ones praise,夸不胜夸,beyond ones power,超出某人权限,beyond ones understanding,无法理解,The road continues beyond the village up into the hills.,那条路经过村子后又往上延伸到群山中。,Most people do not choose to work beyond the normal retirement age.,大多数人过了通常的退休年龄后便不再工作。,名师一线讲坛,The town centre had changed beyond all recognition.,镇中心已变得完全认不出来了。,Its beyond me why she wants to marry Jeff.,我无法理解她为什么要嫁给杰夫。,名师一线讲坛,1,This new model of car is so expensive that it is_the reach of those with average incomes.,A,over,B,within,C,beyond D,below,解析,：,选,C,。,beyond,在此意为“超出”。,A,选项有一定的干扰性，,over,后跟数字，表示“多于”。,即时训练,名师一线讲坛,2.condemn vt.,宣判死刑，注定毁灭,condemn sb.,for/as sth.,由于,而谴责某人,to sth.,迫使某人接受困境（或不愉,快的状况）,to do sth.,（某人）注定要,condemn sth.for/as sth.,由于,而不赞成,/,指责某物,condemn sb.s behaviour,谴责某人的举动,be condemned to,被宣告,名师一线讲坛,The editor of the newspaper was condemned as lacking integrity.,这家报纸的编辑被指责不够正直。,He was found guilty and condemned to be shot.,他被判有罪，处以枪决。,The meat was condemned as unfit for human consumption.,这种肉已不适合人们食用。,As an old person,one is often condemned to live alone.,老人经常出于无奈而独自生活。,名师一线讲坛,2,Poor education_many young people to lowpaid jobs.,A,caused B,condemned,C,contributed D,conducted,解析,：,选,B,。,condemn sb.to sth.,把某人逼到某种境地或状态。,即时训练,名师一线讲坛,3.substitute n,代替品，代用品,vt.,用,代替,vi.,替代，取代,（,1,）,a substitute for.,的代替者,a milk/meat substitute,代乳,/,肉制品,（,2,）,substitute A for B=(substitute B with A),用,A,代替,/,取代,Bsubstitute for,代替，取代,名师一线讲坛,Butter can be substituted with margarine in this recipe.,做这道菜可以用人造黄油代替黄油。,The local bus service was a poor substitute for their car.,他们坐当地的公交车，这比坐自己的汽车可差远了。,名师一线讲坛,replace,，,substitute,(1)replace,多指以新换旧，以好换坏，常与介词,with,连用。,replace A with B,用,B,替换,A,(2)substitute,多指“暂时代替或代理”的意思，常与介词,for,连用。,比较网站,名师一线讲坛,Nothing can substitute for the advice your doctor is able to give you.,大夫所能给你的忠告是无可替代的。,(,牛津,P,1763,),Teachers will never be replaced by computers in the classroom.,课堂上电脑永远不会取代老师。,(,牛津,P,1469,),名师一线讲坛,3,It is wise of you to_welltrained workers _untrained ones in the assembly line.,A,substitute,；,for,B,substitute,；,with,C,replace,；,by,D,replace,；,with,解析：,选,A,。,substitute.for.,用前者代替后者，其余三项均为用后者代替前者。,即时训练,名师一线讲坛,4.nsignificant adj.,无关紧要的，价值不大的，无意义的,an insignificant difference,微不足道的差别,have great significance for.,对,有重大意义的,be of great/little significance,重要的,/,无关紧要的,be of significance=be significant,有重大的意义,名师一线讲坛,be of significance,与,be of+value/importance/use/help,（,=be+valuable/important/useful/helpful,）是类似的。,Looking at the Earth from space makes you realize how small and insignificant we all are.,从太空看地球，会使你发现我们都是多么渺小。,(,朗文,P,1015,),So far,research has not produced anything of very great significance.,迄今为止，研究尚未产生任何具有重大意义的结果。,(,朗文,P,1848,),名师一线讲坛,4.,完成句子,这种新药对治疗这种疾病有重大的意义。,The new drug has great_ the treatment of the disease.,答案：,significance for,即时训练,名师一线讲坛,5.claim vt.,声称；要求；认领,n,要求；索赔；主张,claim sth.,要求,/,索要某物,claim+thatclause,声称,claim sth.for sb.for sth因某事向某人索取某物,claim on sth.,对某事物的权利,claim sth.back,要回某物；索回,Its claimed that.,有人声称,名师一线讲坛,Gascoigne claimed hed been dining with friends at the time of the murder.,加斯科因声称，凶案发生时自己正与朋友们进餐。（朗文,P318,）,Doctors claimed to have discovered a cure for the disease.,医生声称已经找到了治疗该疾病的方法。（朗文,P318,）,They put in a claim on the insurance for the stolen luggage.,他们在行李被偷后向保险公司提出索赔要求。（朗文,P318,）,名师一线讲坛,5,You may be my sister,，,but that doesnt mean you have any_on me.,A,claims B,intervals,C,justice D,extension,答案：,A,即时训练,名师一线讲坛,6,Every citizen in our country may_the protection of the law.,A,announce B,suggest,C,beg D,Claim,解析：,选,D,。,句意：我国的每一个公民都有得到法律保护的权力。,announce,宣告，发表；,suggest,建议，暗示；,beg,请求，乞求。作为公民是有权利得到法律保护的，故,claim,符合句意。,名师一线讲坛,6.threaten vt.,恐吓；威胁；预示,(,危险,),threat n,恐吓；威胁；恶兆,threatening adj.,恐吓的,threaten sb.with sth.,用某事,/,物威胁某人,threaten to do sth.,恐吓说要做某事,threaten rain/a storm,预示着有雨,/,风暴,threaten to rain/snow,预示着要下雨,/,雪,a threat to the whole country,国家的祸根,threatening letters,恐吓信,名师一线讲坛,The boss often threatens his employees with dismissal.,老板经常以开除要挟雇员。,The hijackers threatened to kill all the passengers if their demands were not met.,劫机者扬言若不满足他们的要求，就把所有乘客都杀死。,The black clouds threaten a storm.,那些乌云预示着有暴风雨。,It threatens to rain.,有下雨之势。,名师一线讲坛,7,The robber tried to escape and_ me with a knife.,A,threatened,B,was threatened,C,pointed,D,shocked,解析,：,选,A,。,threaten sb.with sth.,以,相威胁。,即时训练,名师一线讲坛,7.given prep.&n,考虑到；假设事实；,adj.,特定的，预定的；沉溺于,的；有,习惯的,adj.,特定的，预定的；沉溺于,的；有,习惯的,at any given time/point,在任何特定的时间,/,地点,be given to(doing)sth.,经常做；习惯于,take sth.as given,想当然,given that,（,given,看作连词）虽然（有,的事实）,名师一线讲坛,【,注意,】,given,作形容词，表示“特定的，预定的”时，一般只用于名词之前。,At a given time well all start shouting and cheering.,在预定时间，我们大家都要开始高声欢呼。,(,朗文,P,824,),She is given to making wild accusations.,她往往作出荒唐的指控。,(,朗文,P,824,),Given the circumstances,youve coped well.,名师一线讲坛,考虑到各种情况，你已经算是处理得很好了。,(,朗文,P,824,),Given that there was so little time,I think theyve done a good job.,考虑到没有多少时间，我认为他们算是做得不错了。,(,朗文,P,824,),名师一线讲坛,8,_time,hell make much progress in his English.,A,Having given B,To give,C,Giving D,Given,解析,：,选,D,。,此题考查given,的用法。此题中,given,为介词，意为“如果有，假定有”。句意：如果有时间，他的英语将会有大的进步。,即时训练,名师一线讲坛,8.means n.C,方法；手段,by all means,务必；一定；当然可以,by any means,无论如何,by no means,决不（用于句首时引起部分倒装）,by this/these means,用这种,/,这些办法,by means of,依靠,方法，借助,手段,名师一线讲坛,Taking a plane is the quickest means of getting there.,去那儿最快的方式是坐飞机。,All possible means have been tried.,Every possible means has been tried.,所有,(,每一种,),可能的办法都已经试过了。,This plan must be realized by all means.,这个计划必须完成。,名师一线讲坛,Thoughts are expressed by means of words.,思想靠语言来表达。,By no means should he be left alone.,绝不能把他单独留下。,名师一线讲坛,9,May I have a word with you?,_.Im not busy,anyway.,A,By no means,B,By all means,C,By means of,D,By any means,解析,：,选,B,。,根据,Im not busy,，,anyway.,推断“我”同意和你说话。,by all means“,当然可以”，符合句意。,即时训练,名师一线讲坛,单项填空,Fruit juices can be_to your teeth,，,so if you drink too much,，,it may cause great_.,A,harm,B,harmless,C,harmful,单词巧记,名师一线讲坛,解析：,选,C,；,A,。,be harmful to.,cause/do harm to.,表示“对,有害”。句意：果汁可能会对你的牙齿有害，因此如果你喝得太多的话，可能会,(,对你的牙齿,),造成极大破坏。,名师一线讲坛,归纳与比较：,n,.,ful,adj,.,-ful,n,.,adj,.,后缀,-,ful(,充满,的；有,性质或倾向的,),success(,成功,),successful(,成功的,),pain(,疼痛；痛苦,),painful(,痛的；痛苦的,),power(,力量；权力,),powerful(,强有力的；有权势的,),shame(,羞耻；羞愧,),shameful(,可耻的；丢脸的,),cheer(,欢呼；喝彩,),cheerful(,快乐的；高兴的,),meaning(,意义；意思,),meaningful(,有意义的；重要的,),hope(,希望,),hopeful(,满怀希望的；给人以,希望的,),名师一线讲坛,【,经典案例,】,After his_performance at Chicagos Ravinia Festival,gigs(,特邀演出,)in Lincoln Center and Carnegie Hall started pouring in.,A,successful B,cheerful,C,respectful D,meaningful,【,解析,】,这里指他在芝加哥获得“成功”以后，特邀演出纷纷而至，所以选,A,符合题意。,【,答案,】,A,名师一线讲坛,9.lead to,引起，导致，通往，通到,lead sb.to sth.,使得出（观点），引导某人,lead sb.to do sth.,使某人干某事,lead sb.to+n.,带领某人通往,/,到,lead sb.in doing sth.,带领某人做某事,短语扫描,线连线,名师一线讲坛,The bank has offered a reward for any information leading to the arrest of the men.,银行悬赏情报，以便将这些人绳之以法。,(,朗文,P,1105,),An official led me along the corridor to a large office.,一位官员领我沿着走廊走到一间大办公室。,(,朗文,P,1103,),What led you to take up acting as a career?,是什么让你开始从事演艺事业的？,(,朗文,P,1104,),名师一线讲坛,10,As is known to us all,eating too much sugar can_health problems.,A,run across,B,come to,C,meet with,D,lead to,即时训练名师一线讲坛,解析,：,选,D,。,句意：我们大家都知道，吃过多的糖会引发健康问题。,run across,无意中碰到；,come to,来到；共有；谈到；,meet with,遇见,/,到，碰到；,lead to,导致，引起，符合语境。,名师一线讲坛,10.on sb.s behalf,代表,on behalf of sb.=on sb.s behalf,in behalf of sb.=in sb.s behalf,US,都可表示“做某人的代表或代言人；为了帮助某人”。,名师一线讲坛,Im here on behalf of my family to give our regards to you.,我在这里代表我们全家向你问候。,I paid the money on your behalf.,我替你付了钱。,We collected money in behalf of the poor students.,我们为帮助贫困学生而募捐。,名师一线讲坛,11,完成句子,(1)I am appealing_ _(,代表,)the famine victims.,答案：,on behalf of,(2)_(,代表,)my colleagues and myself Id like to give a warm welcome to you all.,答案：,On behalf of,即时训练,名师一线讲坛,11.【,教材原句,】,Without these naturally occurring gases,the suns rays would bounce back into space leaving the Earth cold and impossible to live on.,如果没有这些自然存在的气体，太阳的光线将会离开地球，返回到太空，使地球变得寒冷，人类将无法居住。,句型探究,面对面,名师一线讲坛,【,句法分析,】,(1)without,在本句中表示一个假设的条件，后面的主句中用“,would,do”,表示对将来的虚拟，像这样表假设条件的介词还有,but for,；连词,or,otherwise,，它们引导的句子在英语中称为含蓄条件句。,Without/But for your help,I wouldnt have done it well.,没有你的帮助我不会干得很好的。,名师一线讲坛,(2)leaving the Earth cold and impossible to live on,为现在分词短语作结果状语。,Football is played in over 80 countries,making it the most popular sport in the world.,在,80,多个国家里都有足球这项体育活动，使它成为世界上最受欢迎的一项运动。,They have been discussing the problem for 2 hours,reaching no agreement at last.,他们对这个问题一直讨论了两个小时，最后也没达成协议。,名师一线讲坛,12,The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance,，,_in the natural light during the day.,A,to let B,letting,C,let D,having let,解析,：,选,B,。,考查现在分词做伴随状语；如选,A,表动词不定式做目的状语，必须把题干中的逗号省略。,即时训练,名师一线讲坛,12.【,教材原句,】,An even greater number of people live at risk,to some degree,from earthquakes which have claimed more than 1.6 million lives in the last hundred years.,从某种程度上来说，有更多的人处在地震的危险之中，在过去的几百年间地震已经夺去了,160,多万人的生命。,名师一线讲坛,【,句法分析,】,句中,to some degree,从某种程度上来说，为插入语。一般对一句话作一些附加的说明。常见的插入语有形容词,(,词组,),、副词、不定式、现在分词短语、介词短语、从句以及固定短语等。,名师一线讲坛,(1),常见的介词短语作插入语的有：,in fact,；,in addition;in a word,；,on the other hand;in other words;in ones opinion;in that case,；,by the way,；,of course,；,as a rule;to ones surprise,；,for example;on the contrary(,相反,),；,in a way(在某点上、在某种程度上,),；,for one thing;for another(thing),等。,名师一线讲坛,(2),常见的形容词,(,词组,),、副词作插入语的有：,sure enough(,果然,),；,strange,；,worse still(,更糟糕的是,),；,most important(,最重要的是,),；,honestly,；,obviously,；,however,；,otherwise,；,luckily,；,unfortunately,；,besides,；,first,；,second,；,especially,；,surprisingly,等。,名师一线讲坛,(3),常见的不定式作插入语的有：,to tell the truth,；,to be short(,简单地,),；,to begin with(,首先,),；,to be sure(,自然、当然、果然,),；,to be honest/frank,；,to make things worse;to make a long story short;to speak of(,值得一提的是,),等。这些插入语表示说话人的态度，在句子中作独立成分。,(4),常见的现在分词短语作插入语的有：,generally speaking,；,frankly speaking;judging from/bytalking of(,谈到,),；,considering(,考虑到,),；,putting it mildly(,说得客气一点,),等。这些分词用来修饰全句。,名师一线讲坛,【,注意,】,插入语的位置，可放在句首、句中或句末，一般用逗号或分号隔开。,The hotel itself can accommodate 80 guests and,，,in addition,，,there are several selfcatering apartments.,旅馆本身能容纳,80,位客人，除此之外，还有几个可供自己做饭的套房。,(,朗文,P,21,),Sure enough,，,Mike