translationese.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Translationese,1.C,oncept,s of,translationese,2.Reasons 3.Strategies to avoid,translationese,1.1 Study by western scholars:,first put forward by,Nida,in,The Theory and Practice of Translation:“i.e.,formal fidelity with no constant attention to the content and the effect of the message,”.,在西方学者中,美国翻译理论家尤金,奈达在其著作,The Theory and Practice of Translation,中最先对,translationese,一词进行了界定和讨论。就此国内许多研究者,如范仲英认为,translationese,是奈达为了描述某种翻译现象而专门造的词,In,Newmarks,A Textbook of Translation:,“literal translation that makes little sense or is unnatural”.,英国翻译理论家彼得,纽马克在其著作,A Textbook of Translation,中对,translationese,一词也有所提及。,Translationese,在西方辞书中涉及更少,。,Definition in,Dictionary of Translation Studies,by Mark,Shuttleworth,is:,a general pejorative term used to refer to TL usage which because of its obvious reliance on features of SL is perceived as unnatural,impenetrable or even comical.,Translationese,is typically caused by an excessively,literal approach,to the translation process or an imperfect knowledge of TL.Dictionary of Translation Studies,收录了,translationese,词条,并将其定义为“,A general pejorative term used to refer to TL usage which because of its obvious reliance on features of SL is perceived as unnatural,impenetrable or even comical.”“,通常来说是一个贬义术语,用来指因明显依赖源语的语言特色而让人觉得不自然,费解甚至可笑的目标语用法。”,1.2 study by Chinese scholars:,林天煌,中国翻译词典,：“翻译体，又称翻译腔或翻译症,”,谭载喜,翻译研究词典,：“翻译体”,方梦之,译学词典,：“翻译症，主要特征为文笔拙劣，即译出来的东西不自然、不流畅、生硬、晦涩、难懂、费解，甚至不知所云。这种症状往往并不是由于译者文化水平低，写作能力差而产生的，而是由于译者在翻译过程中受原文语言表达方式的影响和束缚，使译文不符合译文语言的表达习惯。”,陆谷孙,英汉大辞典,：“翻译症”；“表达不流畅、不地道的翻译文体，翻译腔”,1.3,translationese,的一些定义用于描述某种明显依赖源语特色而形成的目标语用法，让人觉得不自然、费解甚至可笑。,翻译症,：指在一定时期内译文中不符合译语规范的语言表达形式。没有译错，译文勉强能接受。“病症”需尽快“诊治”。,翻译腔,：中性词，客观地描述了一种不符合译语表达习惯的翻译现象。,翻译体,：有自身独特的“美学品格”，使原文中一些新奇的语言表达方式得以保留，这些表达方式反映了异域的思维模式和风土人情，可以丰富本民族的语言在一定时期内有存在的价值。但在翻译实践中译者应尽量避免。,Meaning,：,is shown the bad habits or improper practices during doing the translation.,Translationese,refers to the inferior expression and wording in translation which is not in accordance with the Chinese linguistic habits or professional habits,though there is no much trouble with the content conveyance.,2.,Reasons,Use the translation of words in dictionary blindly.Translate the function words directly.,Follow or Copy the Textual Word Order,.,Follow or Copy Textual Expression,.,Use the translation of words in dictionary blindly.,照搬英汉词典是释义,I believed then that I would die,there,and,I saw with a,terrible clarity,the things of the valley below.,原译：这时我觉得我要死在那儿了，而且,清晰得可怕,地看见了下面山谷里的景物。改译：这时我觉得我要死在那儿了，而下面山谷里的景致却看得,异常清晰,Translate the function words directly and blindly,照搬原文功能词,At Eton the boys stand in a cluster and lift their hats,when,their names,are,called.,译文,1,：在伊顿，学生们站在一起，,当,他们的名字被叫到的,时候,，就举起帽子。译文,2,：在伊顿，学生们站在一起，,叫到名字,就举起帽子。,Follow or Copy the Textual Word Order,照搬原文的语序,Hardly a month goes by without word of another survey revealing new depths of scientific illiteracy among U.S.citizens,version1,：几乎没有哪个月没有关于美国公民科学知识匮乏现象加深的又一调查报导。,version2,：美国公民科学知识匮乏的现象日益严重，这种调查报告几乎月月都有。,Follow or Copy Textual Expression,照搬原文的表达方式,Our son must go to school.He must,break out of the pot that holds us in,.version1,：我们的儿子一定得进学校。他一定得,打破这个把我们关在里面的罐子,。,version2,：我们的儿子一定要上学，一定要,出人头地,。,3.Strategies to avoid,translationese,On Lexical level,to focus on Word meaning,On syntactical level,Sentence structure,In respect of revision,do a second revision after a period of time,language sensibility,1.enough practice2.do a second even third revision,