燃气汽车发动机技术.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,燃气汽车发动机技术,Automotive Natural Gas Engine Technology,康明斯公司北京办事处,Cummins Corporation Beijing Branch,东亚区工程技术总监,Director-Engineering&Technology East Asia,闵 佟,Min Tong,2006.7.13,Agenda,目录,康明斯西港的产品,CWI Worldwide Products,市场进展,Market Evolution,技术发展,Technology Evolution,小结,Summary,作为世界领先的清洁气体燃料发动机的,供应商向所有客车和卡车用户提供最经济的,解决方案,To be the worlds leading provider of clean gaseous fueled engines that deliver the most economic solution for all bus and truck customers.,我们的目标,Our Vision,市场和应用,Markets and Applications,主要市场,Key Markets,美国,加拿大,英国,法国,奥地利,澳大利亚,US,Canada,UK,France,Austria,Australia,中国,(,北京,西安,乌鲁木齐,成都,重庆,西宁,上海,),菲律宾,印度,埃及,拉丁美洲,China,Philippines,India,Egypt,Latin America,俄罗斯,捷克,Russia,Czech Republic,应用,Applications,公交客车,穿梭接送客车,垃圾运输车,Transit Buses,Shuttle Buses,Refuse trucks,另担运输车,清扫车,压缩天然气运输车,Delivery Trucks,Street Sweepers,CNG Haul trucks,发动机累计销售,Cumulative Engine Sales,over,12,000,engines in service,Worldwide,其中,2600,台 在中国,2600 in China,市场进展,Market Evolution,产品发展,Product Evolution,L10G,燃气发动机,L10G gas engine,第一台闭环电控的,B,系列发动机,1st closed loop electronic control LB engine,C8.3G,投产,Launch C8.3G,增强型技术,Plus Technology,增强型,B,燃气发动机,B Gas Plus,增强型,B,液化石油气发动机,B LPG Plus,增强型,L,系列 燃气发动机,L Gas Plus,ISL G,1989,B5.9G1995,1996,C Gas Plus 2001,2002,2003,2004,2007,康明斯西港产品系列产品,CWI Product Line,450,650,850,1050,1250,150,200,250,300,350,400,扭矩,Torque,功率,Horsepower,L Gas Plus,C Gas Plus,B Gas Plus,B LPG Plus,5.9 Litre8.3 Litre 8.9 Litre,195230 hp 250-280 hp 320 hp420500 lb-ft 750 850 lb-ft 1000 lb-ft,1.8 NOx+NMHC 1.8 NOx+NMHC 1.5 NOx+NMHC,0.01 PM 0.01 PM 0.01 PM,宽广的产品系列,Broadest Product Line Today,美国的排放法规,Emissions Regulations,*,*,Average,NOx,value during 3 year phase-in period,Urban Bus,硫含量,颗粒物,氧化氮,+,非甲烷碳氢,城市客车,Todays Diesel and NG Engine Emissions,0.00,0.02,0.04,0.06,0.08,0.10,0.12,0.0,1.0,2.0,3.0,4.0,5.0,氮氧化物,NOx,(,g/bhp,-hr),颗粒物,PM (,g/bhp,-hr),CNG 2003,CNG 2003,Diesel 2003,Diesel 2003,Source:DOE 1/28/03,目前,柴油机和天然气发动机排放比较,Comparison on Emissions between Diesel&Gas Engine,天然气发动机可以降低城市噪音污染,Gas Engine will reduce noise level in the city,50.0,70.0,90.0,Peak Torque,Full Load,Low Idle,No Load,Engine Test Mode,Diesel bus engine,C Gas Plus,Natural gas is 11.8,decibels quieter at idle,Natural gas is 6.1,decibels quieter at,peak torque and load,50.0,70.0,90.0,Peak Torque,Full Load,Low Idle,No Load,Engine Test Mode,Decibels dB(A),柴油车,CG,天然气车,Natural gas is 11.8,decibels quieter at idle,Natural gas is 6.1,decibels quieter at,peak torque and load,天然气发动机低噪音优势已被承认,一部,柴油机产生的噪音相当于,十部,天然气发动机的噪音总和,最大扭矩,全负荷,低怠速,无负荷,天然气发动机低,6.1,分贝,天然气发动机低,11.8,分贝,随着排放的降低柴油汽车的运营成本会上升而燃气汽车成本保持相对平稳,Directionally diesel powered vehicle costs are rising with decreasing emissions,while natural gas vehicle costs are remaining relatively flat,历史上在美国天然气成本按能量等效相比,较柴油燃料低,25%,Historically natural gas in the US has cost 25%less than diesel fuel on a gallon equivalent basis,燃料成本上的节约可能是相当大的,特别是高燃耗的应用如城市公交和垃圾收集车,Fuel cost savings can be significant,especially in high fuel use applications like transit bus and refuse collection,当燃料成本和安装成本之和有利于燃气汽车的市场上,可以给用户提供最低的生命周期成本,.,Can offer customers lowest life cycle cost in markets where combined fuel costs and total vehicle installed cost favors natural gas over diesel fuel,生命周期成本,Life Cycle Costs,天然气与柴油发动机主要特性的比较,Key Characteristics-Natural Gas,vs,Diesel,L 10 G,C 8.3,C Plus,ISL G,ISL G,排放,Emissions,+,+,+,+,+,可靠性,Reliability,_,_,0,0,0,燃料成本,/,哩程,Fuel Cost/Mile,_,_,0,+,+,耐久性,Durability,_,_,0,0,0,生命周期成本,LCC,_,_,_,0,+,时间,Timeline,1989,1996,2001,2007,2010,0.2g,NOx,过度到氢燃料的途径,Pathway to Hydrogen,50%,NOx,Reduction,以氢为燃料的燃料电池驱动的客车现在还在演示阶段Hydrogen fuel cell powered buses are in demonstration today,掺氢可以减少,NOx,排放,Hydrogen blends can achieve reduced,NOx,康明斯西港发动机现正在演示加氢天然气运营,CWI engines are in demonstration today with hydrogen blended natural gas,(20%hydrogen by volume),技术发展,Technology Evolution,天然气发动机技术,Natural Gas Technology,八十年代后期车用发动机采用理想化学配比和稀燃两种火花点火技术,In the late 80s,automotive engines utilized both Stoic and Lean Burn spark ignited technologies,过量空气系数,排放,化学配比燃烧,稀燃,稀薄燃烧界限,Lean Burn Combustion Limits,Air/Fuel Ratio,空/燃 比,Lean Misfire Limit,过稀失火界限,Detonation Limit,爆震界限,BMEP,Thermal Limit,热负荷界限,Rich Misfire Limit,过浓失火界限,Lean,稀,Rich,浓,Stoichiometric,化学配比,闭环稀燃,开环稀燃,化学配比,平均有效压力,稀燃技术,Lean Burn Technology,对于中载和重型车市场而言稀燃显现为较合适的技术,Lean Burn technology emerged as the appropriate technology for the medium/heavy duty automotive markets,-,燃料经济性,Fuel efficiency -,功率和扭矩,Power&Torque,-,可靠性,/,耐久性,Reliability/durability-,放热,Heat rejection,第一代产品使用固定动力应用中的现成子系统,The 1,st,generation engines utilized available subsystems from the stationary application engines,燃料系统,Fuel system -,点火系统,Ignition system,节气阀控制,Throttle control,这些设计的问题是随环境及应用的变动性和敏感性,These designs suffered from variability and sensitivities to both the environment and application,现行的产品技术,Current Product Technology,第二代产品出现于九十年代中期 体现为使用电子控制已及专为汽车应用设计的子系统,2,nd,Generation engines emerged in the mid 90s and utilized electronic controls with subsystems designed for the automotive applications,减少变动,Reduced variability,集成设计,Integrated design,降低成本,Lower cost,提高可靠性,Improved reliability,从,2001,年康明斯西港推出第三代,”,增强型,”,技术发动机,CWI introduced the 3,rd,Generation PLUS technology starting 2001,更多的集成,More integration,更能适应环境,Robust against the environment,对应用不敏感,Insensitive to application,更宽的燃气成份适应能力,Wide fuel composition capability,强调可靠性,Emphasis on reliability,故障诊断,Troubleshooting/diagnostics,2007 L,系列产品,ISL G 07,2007,年产品,07 Product,理想化学配比燃烧,Soich,.Combustion,冷却的废气再循环,CEGR,三效催化剂,3-way catalyst,电控,Electronic controls,空,-,空增压中冷,Turbocharged,CAC,汽车排放,Automotive Emissions,现有产品,Current Products,2007,年产品,07Product,早期产品,Early Products,颗粒物,氧化氮,+,非甲烷碳氢,理想化学配比的燃烧允许使用三效催化剂,Stoichiometric,combustion allows use of 3-way catalyst,可满足,EPA 2010,年及以后的法规,Can meet EPA 2010 and beyond,催化剂技术已由轿车工业所证明,Proven catalyst technology from passenger car industry,可望能满足,2010,年,EPA,法规并具有可与柴油机相比的生命周期成本,Expect the technology to deliver EPA 2010 emissions and competitive LCC with diesel,较低的二氧化碳排放,Lower CO2 emission,冷却的废气再循环,Cooled EGR,高扭矩,High torque,高效率,High efficiency,可靠性,/,耐久性,Reliability/Durability,康明斯柴油机零件通用,Cummins diesel parts,用于,ISL G,系列的技术,ISL G Technology,Charge Air Cooler,EGR,Valve,Fuel&EGR,Mixing,EGR-Cooler,Turbo,TWC,Natural Gas,Throttle,Crankcase Breather,ISL G,示意图,ISLG Schematic,燃料与,EGR,混合器,天然气,节气阀,空,空 增压中冷器,曲轴箱通风,EGR,阀,增压器,EGR,冷却器,三效催化器,小结,Summary,天然气发动机已经并将继续在降低排放方面领先,Natural gas engines have provided and will continue to provide emissions leadership,天然气发动机技术的持续发展将提供优良的性能,效率,可靠性和生命周期成本等优越性,.,Natural gas engine technology continues to evolve,providing superior performance,efficiency,reliability,and LCC advantages,为了改善大气质量和合理利用能源在积极的政策鼓励和资助下大量采用天然气发动机汽车是可能的,Significant market adoption of natural gas engines powered vehicle,is possible through progressive policy and funding support,天然气发动机可被看成向氢燃料过度的途径之一,Natural gas engines are considered as a pathway to Hydrogen,谢 谢,!,Thank you!,