Unit-2-Hiroshima---the-“Liveliest”-City-in-Japan市公.pptx

Advanced English,Book One,Unit 2 Hiroshima-the“Liveliest”City in Japan,Li Xingqiao,College of International Exchange&Compulsory Foreign Languages Education,1/44,Teaching,Objectives,1.know the background of Hiroshima,2.understand the structure and grasp the main idea of the text;,3.master the language points appeared in the unit;,4.appreciate the reportorial writing skills and rhetoric devices of the passage;,5.conduct a series of discussing,analyzing,presenting activities related to the theme of this essay.,2/44,Hiroshima-the“Liveliest”City in Japan,CONTENTS,B,E,A,D,C,Lead-in,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,Exercise&Homework,Post Reading,3/44,Lead-in,I.Questions for Discussion,What do you know about Japan?,1.geography?,National Name:,Nippon,Geography,:Four main islands:Honshu(,本州),Hokkaido(,北海道),Kyushu(,九州),and Shikoku(,四国),Area,:371,857 sq.km.,Population,:126,804,433 ().,Capital,:Tokyo4/44,Lead in,5/44,Lead-in,2.history?,After a brief war with China in 18941895,Japan acquired Formosa(Taiwan),the Pescadores Islands(澎湖列岛),and part of southern Manchuria.,In 19041905,Japan defeated Russia,gaining the territory of southern Sakhalin(Karafuto库页岛)and Russias port and rail rights in Manchuria.,In World War I,Japan seized Germanys Pacific islands and leased areas in China.,1931,it invaded Manchuria,and lasted till 1945.,On Dec.7,1941,it launched Pearl Harbor attack.,The dropping of atomic bombs on the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945 by the United States finally brought the government to admit defeat.Japan surrendered formally on Sept.2,1945,6/44,Lead-in,3.culture?,The,kimono,is the traditional dress of Japan,and it is worn nowadays on formal occasions.,7/44,Sakura(,cherry),is the national flower of Japan,and there are over four hundred varieties of cherry trees in Japan.,The first day of blooming in Tokyo is about 20 March,and the full bloom will be one week after from the day of first bloom.,Lead-in,8/44,Sumo,Sumo is a Japanese style of wrestling and Japans national sport.,9/44,Sado（茶道）,the ceremony celebrating the Way of Tea,has been much favored by Japanese high society as an artistic ceremony.,Sado,10/44,Buddhism(佛教),In Japan,a Buddhist monk is allowed to marry.After a reform,Buddhist monk live a life as common people.,Belief,11/44,In Japan,oysters are called the Milk of the sea because of their high nutritional value and rich taste.,Seafood is one of the favorite food in Japan.,12/44,Sushi寿司是在饭里放醋做主材料日本料理寿司色彩非常鲜明。制作时，把新鲜海胆黄、鲍鱼、牡丹虾、扇贝、鲑鱼籽、鳕鱼鱼白、金枪鱼、三文鱼等海鲜切成片放在雪白香糯饭团上，一揉一捏之后再抹上鲜绿芥末酱，最终放到古色古香瓷盘中.吃寿司，考究是一口闷，唯其如此，饭香与生鱼片香味才能完全相融，将齿颊间填得满满，不留一丝缝隙,13/44,Background Information,Sept.1,1939 Hitler invaded Poland.beginning World War II,Jun.22,1941 Gr.invaded USSR,Dec.7,1941Pearl Harbour,Sept.1943 Italy surrendered,May.7,1945 Gr.Surrendered,Despite six months of intense strategic,fire-bombing of 67 Japanese cities,the Japanese government,ignored,an ultimatum given by the,Potsdam Declaration,.By,executive order,of President,Harry S.Truman,the U.S.dropped the,nuclear weapon,Little Boy,on the city of,Hiroshima,on Monday,August 6,1945,followed by the detonation of,Fat Man,over,Nagasaki,on August 9.,About World War II,14/44,Background Information,The target of Hiroshima was a city of considerable military importance,containing Japans Second Army Headquarters,as well as being a communications center and storage depot(,军需库,).,Six days after the detonation over Nagasaki,on August 15,Japan announced,its surrender,to the,Allied Powers,signing the,Instrument of Surrender,on September 2,officially ending the,Pacific War,and therefore World War II.,15/44,Background Information,Atomic Bomb:,The explosion produces great amounts of heat,a shock wave and intense radiation.The region of the explosion becomes radioactively contaminated and radioactive products may be deposited elsewhere as fallout(,辐射尘,).,Within the first two to four months of the bombings,the acute effects killed,90,000166,000,people in Hiroshima and,60,00080,000,in Nagasaki,with roughly half of the deaths in each city occurring on the first day.,Survivors are still dying of leukaemia(,白血病,),pernicious anaemia(,恶性贫血,)and other diseases induced by radiation.Almost 98%of the buildings were destroyed or severely damaged.,16/44,Background Information,Little Boy,17/44,Main idea:,At the hospital.,Structure,Main idea:,The way to the restaurant boat.,Main idea:,The arrival,Part II:Para.2-6,Part,III,:,Para,.,7-26,Part I:,Para.1,Part IV:Para.27-39,Main idea:,Meeting the mayor,Global Reading,18/44,What points the writer described in Para.1,?,Detailed Reading of Part I,Two points:the stationmaster&himself,stationmaster,:,in uniform,shout,“Hiroshima!Everybody off!”,himself,:didnt understand;had a lump in my,throat;Sad thoughts on my mind;a far,greater adventure;Was I at the scene of the,crime?,indication:,He was with a heavy heart to arrive Hiroshima,being extremely sad and guilty.He was being tortured,by a guilty conscience.,description details,19/44,Detailed Reading of Part I,Words and expressions,1.,had a lump in my throat,:,a physical response when one wants to cry or feels wronged;be choked(with emotion),I had a lump in my throat while watching the report about Wenchuan earthquake.,2.Have something on ones mind,worried,about 惦念,忧虑,practice,practice,3.Have something in mind:,remember;think of/plan to do,practice,Ive had my fathers illness on my mind all day.我整天都为父亲病情担忧.,Have you anyone in mind for the job?,What do you have in mind to do with him?,20/44,How many journeys mentioned from the station to the destination?,Detailed Reading of Part II,1st one:,from the railway station to the City Hall,Driver,:,Friendly:;Hi;grin;,Skilled:pop open;at top,Speed;flash;narrow;,Lurch;sharp twists;,screech,Ignorance:ask the way,Crowd,:dont have the,same preoccupations.,Women,:kimonos Vs,western dress,Men,:be oblivious of;,bob up exchange,Ritual formula;use telephone,2nd one:,from,the City Hall to the destination,Usher,:friendly&helpful-bow,heave a sigh,sketch a,map,Restaurant boat:,a barge with a roof;an arresting,Spectacle-old Japan house Vs skyscrapers,description details,21/44,Detailed Reading of Part II,Words and expressions,preoccupy:V.,engage(ones mind,attention,etc)so that he cannot think of other things;占据（某人）思想;使（某人）心无二用;迷住;,preoccupied,adj.thinking about something a lot,with the result that you do not pay attention to other things;,preoccupation,n.state of thinking or worrying about something a lot,with the result that they do not pay attention to other things,Health worries preoccupied him for the whole holiday.,Hes completely preoccupied with all the wedding preparations at the moment.,He answered me in a rather preoccupied manner.,他心不在焉地回答我.,His main,preoccupation,at that time was getting enough to eat.,practice,22/44,Detailed Reading of Part II,Words and expressions,2.ritual,:,n.action or actions done or used in a religious or some other ceremony程序,仪节,;procedure regularly followed in precisely the same way each time 固定方式;老习惯;adj.,3.formula:,n.a method or set of principles that you use to solve a problem or to make sure that something is successful 方法、标准；a series of numbers or letters that represent a mathematical or scientific rule 公式；set of symbols showing the elements that a substance is made of 分子式；fixed arrangement of words,esp as used on social,legal or ceremonial occasions 套语,惯用语,There is no,magic formula,that will transform sorrow into happiness.,Water is represented by the simple formula H2o.,“How do you do”and“Excuse me”are social formulae.,practice,A traditional country usually employ rituals more than modern ones.,He,went through the ritual,of lighting his cigar.,They have ritual dance on that day.,practice,23/44,Detailed Reading of Part II,Words and expressions,4.martyr,:,n.,someone who dies for their religious or political beliefs and is admired by people for this殉难、殉道者；v.if someone is martyred,they are killed because of their religious beliefs,5.screech:,v.if a vehicle screeches,its wheels make a high unpleasant noise as it moves along or stops;to shout loudly in an unpleasant high voice because you are angry,afraid,or excited,The gate screeched as it opened.,monkeys screeching in the trees,practice,He was a martyr to the cause of racial harmony.,Shes a martyr to her arthritis.,Becket was martyred in 1170.,practice,24/44,Detailed Reading of Part II,Words and expressions,6.barge,:,n.,a large low boat with a flat bottom,used for carrying goods on a,canal,or river驳船（河流 运河等中载运客货大型平底船）.,25/44,Detailed Reading of Part II,Words and expressions,7.moor:,v.to fasten a ship or boat to the land or to the bottom of the sea using ropes or an,anchor,8.concrete:n.a substance used for building that is made by mixing sand,very small stones,cement,and water 混凝土;definite and specific详细、明确,a concrete path,wall,etc,The police have nothing concrete to go on.,practice,The boat was moored to(a post on)the river bank.,practice,26/44,What did the writer describe in the part?,Detailed Reading of Part III,Japanese:,A stunning,porcelain faced woman in,Mayor:tall,thin,sad-eyed,serious;Hiroshima is a,city familiar,world renown,oysters,Others:serious;agitated,A small one:tell a story and the truth,himself:,enter low-ceilinged rooms;tread cautiously;,experiencing a twinge of embarrassment;crushed,Overwhelmed;difficult to ask;inhibited;jolt,description details,The truth:Japanese are so deeply hurt that they want to forget the unbearable feeling as quickly as possible.,The author was feeling more and more guilty,inhibited and sad.,27/44,Detailed Reading of Part III,Words and expressions,9.,stun:,v.to make someone/sth unconscious for a short time by a sudden attack;to shock(sb),esp.with sth unexpected,Stunning:,adj.very surprising or shocking;extremely attractive or beautiful,10.,This done,I entered,one of the low-ceilinged rooms of the little floating house,treading cautiously,on the soft matting and experiencing a twinge of embarrassment,at the prospect of meeting the mayor of Hiroshima in my socks,.,practice,The impact of the ball had stunned her.,John stunned the crowd with a last-minute goal.,You look stunning in your new suit.,What a stunning discovery!,28/44,Detailed Reading of Part III,Words and expressions,11.tatami,:,n.,Straw matting used as a floor covering especially in a Japanese house.,29/44,Detailed Reading of Part III,Words and expressions,2.prospect,:n.,wide view of a landscape,;picture in the mind or imagination,esp of a future event;the possibility that something will happen or something expected,a magnificent prospect of mountain peaks and lakes,She viewed the prospect of a week alone in the house without much enthusiasm.,A new round of trade talks is,in prospect.,practice,3.crush:v.n.,break sth hard into small pieces or into powder by pressing;defeat(sb/sth)completely;a strong feeling of romantic love for someone,Wine is made by crushing grapes.,The rebellion was crushed by government forces.,Her refusal crushed all our hopes.,She,had a,huge,crush on,her geography teacher.,practice,30/44,Detailed Reading of Part III,Words and expressions,4.inhibit:v.,to prevent something from doing something well that should be natural or easy to do;,inhibition n.Inhibited a.,An unhappy family life may,inhibit,childrens learning.,Shyness,inhibited,him,from,speaking.,Recording the meeting may,inhibit,people,from,expressing their real views.,practice,5.agitate:v.,to argue strongly in public for something you want,especially a political or social change煽动;鼓吹;to make someone feel anxious,upset,and nervous使（人 感情等）产生忧虑;搅乱;激动,31/44,Detailed Reading of Part III,Words and expressions,6.jolt:v.,to move suddenly and roughly;to give someone a sudden shock or surprise,The old bus jolted along,the wet rough road.,It jolted me into making the decision to quit.,Her sharp words seemed to jolt him out of his depression.,practice,agitate against nuclear weapons,agitate for higher pay,I must warn you that any mention of Clare agitates your grandmother.,practice,32/44,Detailed Reading of Part III,Words and expressions,8.oyster,:,n.,a type of,shellfish,that can be eaten cooked or uncooked,and that produces a jewel called a,pearl,33/44,Detailed Reading of Part III,Words and expressions,9.The atomic museum,:,n.,34/44,What did the author describe in this part?,Detailed Reading of Part IV,The meeting/interview with the victims at the hospital,especially the great agony they suffered.,settings:,smell of formaldehyde and ether;stretchers,send,Shivers down the spine of any healthy visitor.,The interview reveals the great agony they suffered,.,Physically:,hair began to fall out;belly turned to,water;have been testing,treating,keeping alive by,constant care;some committed suicide;,Mentally:,humiliating to survive;children encounter,prejudice;no one will marry the daughter or niece,Lucky birds:,They pass days of great suffering as if,they were years;they have learned to,live with,it;,what great courage&determination it demands.,description details,35/44,Detailed Reading of Part IV,Questions,Why did the fisherman gaze at me with interest?,It might be that the writer was the first person who had ever showed interest in him or in people like him and had come to see and hear them,2.,what do you feel at the old mans words,(has been making little lucky,birds,congratulating himself,),?,There is one kind of extremely sorrowful state of mind in the world,:,The usual way to show ones grief is,crying ones tears out,.Furthermore,it comes to,standing there,looking into a distance,dumbfounded,.And the,most heart-breaking sorrow is from a long period of,suffering to acceptance,and then,pretending to enjoy the state of suffering,.,3.The writer didnt ask questions he prepared but tore it,why?,Because they were absolutely stupid questions,for the answers go clearly,without asking.,36/44,Detailed Reading of Part IV,Words and expressions,humiliate:v.,make(sb)feel ashamed or disgraced;lower the dignity or self-respect of,humiliating adj.Humiliation n.,Her boss humiliated her in front of all her colleagues.,He felt humiliated by her scornful remarks.,a rather humiliating experience,suffer public humiliation,practice,2.on ones part/on the part of sb.:,made or done by sb 由某人做出,for ones part:,as far as someone is concerned 就某人来说,It was an error on my part.,那是我过失.,The agreement has been kept on my part but not on his.,我一直恪守协议,但他并不恪守.,For my part,I dont mind where we eat.,对我来说,37/44,Post Reading of the Text,Writing Technique,1.Contrast:,description of the scenery and of his own emotion,Scenery:,lively,happy,vigorous,cheerful,etc.,Psychology:,repentant,penitent(,悔罪;忏悔,),guilty,sad.,Hiroshima,symbolizes war crime,sin,death,terror,etc.,2.,Humour:,serious looking men,bob up and down,the cab driver,the usher,meeting the mayor in his socks,spinal column flexible,Hiroshima-oysters,small man with very large eye-glasses,his eyes nearly closed behind their thick lenses,etc.,38/44,Rhetoric device,Irony:,a figure of speech in which the meaning literally expressed is t