河南专用2020版中考英语二轮复习语法专题过关专题十二简单句课件人教新目标版.pptx

专用,河南,中,考,英,语,2020,第二部分语法专题过关,专题十二 简单句,PART 02,考点帮,考点,1,陈述句,考点,2,疑问句,考点,3,祈使句,考点,4,感叹句,考点,5 There be,句型,考点,1,考点帮,陈述句,考点,2,考点,3,考点,4,考点,5,肯定式,+(+,其他,),Mary gets up at half past six.,玛丽在六点半起床。,The sun rises in the east.,太阳从东方升起。,One careless move may lose the whole game.,一着不慎,满盘皆输。,否定式,1.be,动词、助动词和情态动词变否定形式,须在其后直接加,主语,谓语,考点,1,考点帮,陈述句,考点,2,考点,3,考点,4,考点,5,not,。如,:,She is not a doctor.,她不是一名医生。,She hasnt finished the task.,她还没有完成这项任务。,You shouldnt tell him the truth.,你不应该告诉他真相。,2.,当句中只有实义动词作谓语时,需要借助助动词构成否定句。如,:,My aunt doesnt like watching TV plays.,我姑姑不喜欢看电视剧。,2019,重庆中考,B,卷,考点,1,考点帮,疑问句,考点,3,考点,4考点,5,+,Is she a painter?,她是一名画家吗,?,2.+,Do you like swimming in summer?,你夏天喜欢游泳吗,?,May I open the window?,我可以打开窗户吗,?,考点,2,一般疑问句,需用,yes,或,no,回答的疑问句叫作一般疑问句。,be,动词,主语,表语,谓语,助动词,/,情态动词,其他,主语,考点,1,考点帮,疑问句,考点,3,考点,4,考点,5,对一般疑问句作肯定回答时,常用,Yes,主语,+be,动词,/,助动词,/,情态动词,;,作否定回答时,常用,No,主语,+be,动词,/,助动词,/,情态动词,+not如,:,Are you a student?,你是一名学生吗,?,Yes,I am./No,I am not.,是的,我是。,/,不,我不是。,Can Lily speak Chinese?,莉莉会说汉语吗,?,Yes,she can./No,she cant.,是的,她会。,/,不,她不会。,考点,2,考点,1,考点帮,疑问句,考点,3,考点,4,考点,5,考点,1,考点,2,提分速记,回答含有否定词的一般疑问句时,要在,yes,后用肯定结构,表示肯定,;,在,no,后用否定结构,表示否定,但其汉语翻译与原意正好相反。如,:,Isnt it your English book?,这不是你的英语书吗,?,Yes,it is./No,it isnt.,不,这是。,/,是的,这不是。,考点,1,考点帮,疑问句,考点,3,考点,4,考点,5,考点,1,考点,2,特殊疑问句,由特殊疑问词引导的疑问句叫作特殊疑问句。特殊疑问句是由,特殊疑问词,+,一般疑问句,构成,回答特殊疑问句时不能用,yes,或,no,。,疑问词的用法如下,:,考点,1,考点帮,疑问句,考点,3,考点,4,考点,5,考点,1,考点,2,what,对事物或抽象概念等提问,Whats the time?,几点了,?,What makes you so happy?,何事让你如此开心,?,询问职业或身份,Whats your dad?=Whats your dads job?,你父亲是做什么的,?,后接名词,构成疑问短语,What subject do you like best?,你最喜欢什么科目,?,English.,英语。,(1),疑问代词,考点,1,考点帮,疑问句,考点,3,考点,4,考点,5,考点,1,考点,2,who,询问身份,Who is the boy?,那个男孩是谁,?,which,询问哪一个,Which is better exercise swimming or tennis?,游泳和网球,哪种运动比较好,?,后接名词,构成疑问短语,Which book are you looking for?,你在找哪本书,?,考点,1,考点帮,疑问句,考点,3,考点,4,考点,5,考点,1,考点,2,(2),疑问副词,when,询问时间,When is her birthday?,她的生日是什么时候,?,where,询问地点,Where are you going?,你要去哪里,?,why,询问原因,Why are you late again?,你为什么又迟到了,?,Why dont you do sth.?=Why not do sth.?,常用于表示劝告、建议等,意为,为什么不,呢,?,考点,1,考点帮,疑问句,考点,3,考点,4,考点,5,考点,1,考点,2,how,询问方式,How can I help you?,我怎么做能帮到你,?,询问健康状况,How is your aunt?,你阿姨怎么样了,?,后接形容词、副词等,询问数量、频率、价格、程度等。,How many books are there?,有多少本书,?,How soon will you come back?,你多久之后回来,?,考点,1,考点帮,疑问句,考点,3,考点,4,考点,5,考点,1,考点,2,选择疑问句,1.+,Is he a worker or a doctor?,他是一名工人还是一名医生,?,2.+,Which ice-cream would you like,chocolate or strawberry?,你想要哪个冰激凌,巧克力味的还是草莓味的,?,一般疑问句,or,被选择部分,特殊疑问句,A,B,or,考点,1,考点帮,祈使句,考点,2,考点,3,考点,4,祈使句表示命令、请求、建议或劝告等。主语通常被省略,谓语动词用原形,句末用句号或感叹号。,肯定祈使句,1.,动词原形,+,其他,如,:,Listen to the teacher carefully.,认真听老师讲课。,2.Let+,第一、三人称的宾格,/,名词,+,动词原形,+,其他,如,:,Let the students come in!,让学生们进来,!,考点,5,考点,1,考点帮,祈使句,考点,2,考点,3,考点,4,否定祈使句,1.Dont+,动词原形,+,其他,如,:,Dont be late for school again.,不要再上学迟到了。,2.Never+,动词原形,+,其他,如,:,Never judge a person by his looks.,不要以貌取人。,3.No+,名词,/,动名词,如,:,No parking!,禁止停车,!,考点,5,考点,1,考点帮,祈使句,考点,2,考点,3,考点,4,祈使句的应答语,1.Lets,开头的祈使句,其答语常用,Good idea./OK.,等。如,:,Lets go to the library to borrow some books.,我们去图书馆借些书吧。,Good idea.,好主意。,2.,其他肯定祈使句的应答语常用,Yes/OK,I will.,等,否定祈使句的应答语常用,Sorry/No,I wont(do it again).,等。如,:,考点,5,考点,1,考点帮,祈使句,考点,2,考点,3,考点,4,Its going to rain.Remember to take an umbrella with you.,就要下雨了。你记着带上雨伞。,Thanks,I will.,谢谢,我会的。,Dont draw on the blackboard.,不要在黑板上画画。,Sorry,I wont.,对不起,我不会,(,再那样做,),了。,考点,5,考点,1,考点帮,祈使句,考点,2,考点,3,考点,4,提分速记,祈使句与简单句、复合句之间的转换,(1)Lets+,动词原形,+,其他,.,可转换为,Shall we+,动词原形,+,其他,?,。如,:Lets go fishing this afternoon.=Shall we go fishing this afternoon?,我们今天下午去钓鱼吧。,(2)“,祈使句,+and/or+,简单句,.”,可转换为含,if,引导的条件状语从句的复合句。如,:,考点,5,考点,1,考点帮,祈使句,考点,2,考点,3,考点,4,Use your head,and youll find a way.=If you use your head,youll find a way.,动动脑筋,你就会找到方法。,Hurry up,or well be late.=If we dont hurry up,well be late.,如果不快点,我们就会迟到。,考点,5,考点,1,考点帮,感叹句,考点,2,考点,3,考点,4,感叹句用来表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情,通常用,what,或,how,引导,句末用感叹号。,具体用法如下,:,How,引导的感叹句,主要用来感叹形容词、副词或谓语动词。,1.How+,形容词,/,副词,+,主语,+,谓语,!,如How beautiful the flowers are!,多么漂亮的花啊,!,How fast the man runs!,那个人跑得真快啊,!,考点,5,考点,1,考点帮,感叹句,考点,2,考点,3,考点,4,2.How+,形容词,+a/an+,单数可数名词,+,主语,+,谓语,!,如,:,How clever a boy he is!,他是多么聪明的一个男孩啊,!,3.How+,主语,+,谓语,!,如,:,How time flies!,时光飞逝,!,How I want to have a new mobile phone!,我多想有一部新手机啊,!,考点,5,考点,1,考点帮感叹句,考点,2,考点,3,考点,4,What,引导的感叹句,1.What+a/an+,形容词,+,单数可数名词,+,主语,+,谓语,!,如,:,Look,what a beautiful skirt she has bought!,看,她买了条多么漂亮的裙子呀,!2019,威海中考,2.What+,形容词,+,复数可数名词,/,不可数名词,+,主语,+,谓语,!,如,:,What beautiful pictures they are!,它们是多么美丽的图画啊,!,What cold weather it is!,多么寒冷的天气啊,!,考点,5,考点,1,考点帮,感叹句,考点,2,考点,3考点,4,其他感叹句,1.,在陈述句、祈使句句尾加感叹号,表示某种强烈的感情。如,:,She plays the piano so well!,她钢琴弹得真好,!,Stop talking!,不要说话了,!,2.,有时单词和短语本身也可用来表示感叹。如,:,Wonderful!,好极了,!,考点,5,考点,1,考点帮,There be,句型,考点,2,考点,3,考点,4,考点,5,There be+sb./sth.+,地点状语,/,时间状语,表示,某处,/,某时有某人,/,某物,。,There be,句型结构,+,There be,句型的时态,There be,主语,其他成分,考点,1,考点帮,There be,句型,考点,2,考点,3,考点,4,考点,5,There be,句型中的主谓一致,There be,句型中,be,动词的形式要与离它最近的主语保持数的一致,即遵循,就近原则,。如,:,There are some flowers and a tree in the garden.,花园里有一些花和一棵树。,考点,1,考点帮,There be,句型,考点,2,考点,3,考点,4,考点,5,妙辨异同,There be,句型和,have,的区别,:,(1)There be,句型表示,存在,强调,某地,/,某时有某人,/,物,不表示所属关系。如,:,There is a science lab next to the library.,图书馆旁边有一个科学实验室。,(2)have,表示所属关系,强调,某人,/,物拥有,。,如,:We have a beautiful garden.,我们有一个漂亮的花园。,