河南专用2020版中考英语二轮复习语法专题过关专题十语态课件人教新目标版.pptx

专用,河南,中,考,英,语,2020,第二部分语法专题过关,专题十 语态,PART 02,考点帮,考点,1,被动语态的构成,考点,2,被动语态的用法,考点,3,主动语态变为被动语态,考点,1,考点帮,被动语态的构成,考点,2,考点,3,时态,被动语态,示例,一般现,在时,am/is/are,+,过去分词,Shoes are made by them in that factory.,鞋子是由他们在那家工厂制造的。,一般过,去时,was/were+,过去分词,The classroom was cleaned by us just now.,教室刚才被我们打扫过了。,一般将,来时,will/be going to be+,过去分词,The work will be finished by them next Friday.,这项工作将在下周五由他们完成。,考点,1,考点帮,被动语态的构成,考点,2,考点,3,时态,被动语态,示例,现在进,行时,am/is/are being+,过去分词,The walls are being painted by some workers now.,一些工人现在正在粉刷墙面。,过去进,行时,was/were being+,过去分词,The flowers were being watered by her in the yard at this time yesterday.,昨天这个时候她正在院子里浇花。,现在完,成时,have/has been+,过去分词,A model plane has been made by me.,一个飞机模型已经被我制作出来了。,考点,1,考点帮,被动语态的构成,考点,2,考点,3,含情态动词的被动语态的结构为,:,情态动词,+be+,过去分词。如,:,Factories must be prevented from pouring polluted water into rivers and lakes.,必须阻止工厂向河流和湖泊排放污水。,2018,荆州中考,考点,1,考点帮,被动语态的用法,考点,2,考点,3,1.,当强调动作的承受者时,如,:,The cup was broken by David.,这个杯子是被戴维打碎的。,2.,当不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者时,如,:,The watch is made of gold.,这块手表是用金子做的。,Many people are killed in traffic accidents every year.,每年有许多人死于交通事故。,考点,1,考点帮,被动语态的用法,考点,2,考点,3,3.,当动作的执行者是物而不是人时,如,:,Many houses were washed away by the flood.,许多房屋被洪水冲走了。,4.,作客观说明时,常用,Its said/reported+that.,结构。如,:,Its said that the first chopsticks were used in China 5,000 years ago.,据说,五千年前,第一双筷子在中国被使用。,2017,哈尔滨中考,考点,1,考点帮,主动语态变为被动语态,考点,2,考点,3,变化规则,:,主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语,;,若宾语为人称代词,要将宾格变为主格,;,及物动词由主动形式变为被动形式,;,将主动语态的主语变为被动语态的宾语,并由,by,引导。,1.,主语,+,及物动词,+,宾语,Lu Xun wrote the book.The book was written by Lu Xun.,鲁迅写了这本书。,考点,1,考点帮,主动语态变为被动语态,考点,2,考点,3,2.,主语,+,及物动词,+,宾语,+,宾语补足语,I saw some children flying kites in the park.Some children were seen by me flying kites in the park.,我看到一些孩子在公园里放风筝。,变化规则,:,宾语补足语保留在原处,其他成分的变化同,主语,+,及物动词,+,宾语,的变化规则。,考点,1,考点帮,主动语态变为被动语态,考点2,考点,3,变化规则,:,带双宾语的动词变为被动语态时,可以选择将其中任意一个宾语转化成主语。直接宾语作被动语态的主语时,要在间接宾语前加介词,to/for;,间接宾语作主语时无须加介词。,3.,主语,+,及物动词,+,间接宾语,+,直接宾语,Jack bought me a present.,杰克给我买了件礼物。,I was bought a present by Jack.(,间接宾语作主语,),A present was bought for me by Jack.(,直接宾语作主语,),考点,1,考点帮,主动语态变为被动语态,考点,2,考点,3,4.,主语,+,短语动词,+,宾语,I worked out a plan.A plan was worked out by me.,我制订了一个计划。,注,:,短语动词是一个不可分割的整体,由主动句变为被动句时不可漏掉其中的介词或副词。,考点,1,考点帮,主动语态变为被动语态,考点,2,考点,3,提分速记,主动语态表示被动意义的情况,:,(1),某些系动词,(look,taste,smell,sound,等,),用主动形式表示被动意义。如,:,The soup smells good.,这汤闻起来很香。,(2)write,open,sell,read,等词作不及物动词且它们的主语为物时,可用主动语态表示被动意义。如,:,The storybook sells well.,这本故事书卖得很好。,(3),某些表示,发生,爆发,的不及物动词或短语,可用主动语,考点,1,考点帮,主动语态变为被动语态,考点,2,考点,3,态表示被动意义。如,:,The earthquake happened at nine last night.,昨天晚上九点发生了地震。,(4),某些表示,需要,的动词,可用主动语态表示被动意义。如,:,The washing machine needs/requires repairing.=The washing machine needs/requires to be repaired.,这台洗衣机该修理了。,(5)sth.be worth doing,是主动形式表示被动意义。如,:,The book is worth reading.,这本书值得读。,