河南专用2020版中考英语二轮复习语法专题过关专题三代词课件人教新目标版.pptx

专用,河南,中,考,英,语,2020,第二部分语法专题过关,专题三 代词,PART 02,考点帮,考点,1,人称代词、物主代词和反身代词,考点,2,不定代词,考点,3,指示代词,考点,4,疑问代词,考点,1,考点帮,人称代词、物主代词和反身代词,考点,2,考点,3,考点,4,类别,人称代词,物主代词,反身代词,主格,宾格,形容词性,名词性,第一人称,单数,I,me,my,mine,myself,复数,we,us,our,ours,ourselves,第二人称,单数,you,you,your,yours,yourself,复数,you,you,your,yours,yourselves,第三人称,单数,he,him,his,his,himself,she,her,her,hers,herself,it,it,its,its,itself,复数,they,them,their,theirs,themselves,考点帮,人称代词、物主代词和反身代词,人称代词,人称代词的主格在句中作主语,;,宾格在句中作宾语,用在动词或介词后,;,也可作表语,用在,be,动词或系动词之后。如,:,I saw her walking across the busy street.,我看见她穿过繁忙的街道。,(I,是主语,her,是动词,saw,的宾语,),考点,1,考点,2,考点,3,考点,4,考点帮,人称代词、物主代词和反身代词,人称代词,Can you help look after him for a while?,你能帮忙照看他一会儿吗,?,(you,是主语,him,是介词,after,的宾语,),Whos the girl in the photo?,照片上的女孩是谁,?,Its me.,是我。,(me,是,be,动词,is,的表语,),考点,1,考点,2,考点,3,考点,4,考点帮,人称代词、物主代词和反身代词,提分速记,it,的常见用法,(1),指代上文中提到过的事或物。如,:,I love the spring its a wonderful time of the year我喜欢春季,这是一年里的美妙时节。,(2),指代时间、地点、距离、天气、温度等。如,:It will be winter in a months time.,再过一个月就是冬天了。,(3),作形式主语,常用于以下句型,:,Its+adj.(+for sb.)+to do sth.,做某事,(,对某人来说,),是,的,考点,1,考点,2,考点,3,考点,4,考点帮,人称代词、物主代词和反身代词,提分速记,it,的常见用法,Its time to do sth./for sth./that.,是,(,做,),的时间了,Its ones turn to do sth.,轮到某人做某事,It seems that.,好像,It takes(sb.)+some time+to do sth.,做某事花费,(,某人,),多长时间,(4),作形式宾语,代替动词不定式、动名词或从句,常用在,find,feel,make,think,discover,等词后。如,:,I think it important to protect the environment.,我认为保护环境很重要。,考点,1,考点,2,考点,3,考点,4,考点帮,人称代词、物主代词和反身代词,物主代词,物主代词包括形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。,(1),形容词性物主代词在句中作定语,修饰名词。如,:,This is my computer.,这是我的电脑。,Mr.Wang is coming to our school.I cant wait to see him.,王先生要来我们学校了,我迫不及待地想要见到他。,2019,北京中考,考点,1,考点,2,考点,3,考点,4,考点帮,人称代词、物主代词和反身代词,物主代词,(2),形容词性物主代词,+own+,名词,表示强调。如,:,There is something wrong with her own smartphone.,她自己的智能手机出问题了。,(3),名词性物主代词可以作主语、表语和宾语,其后不能跟名词。名词性物主代词相当于,形容词性物主代词,+名词,。如,:,This is not my backpack.Mine is black,over there.,这不是我的双肩包。我的双肩包是黑色的,在那里。,Whose dictionary is it,yours or his?,这是谁的字典,你的还是他的,?,考点,1,考点,2,考点,3,考点,4,考点帮,人称代词、物主代词和反身代词,反身代词,(1),反身代词可以在句中作宾语、同位语。如,:,Be careful!Dont hurt yourself!,当心,!,别伤到自己了。,The matter itself is not serious.,那件事情本身并不严重。,(2),反身代词常与其他词连用,构成固定搭配。常见的有,:,buy oneself sth.,给自己买,by oneself,单独,独自,do sth.by oneself,亲自做某事,dress oneself,穿着,打扮,考点,1,考点,2,考点,3,考点,4,考点帮,人称代词、物主代词和反身代词,反身代词,enjoy oneself,玩得开心,hurt oneself,受伤,keep sth.to oneself,不将,说出去,learn sth.by oneself/teach oneself,自学,look after oneself,照顾自己,lose oneself in,全神贯注于,专心于,say to oneself,自言自语,考点,1,考点,2,考点,3,考点,4,考点,1,考点帮,不定代词,考点,2,考点,3,普通不定代词,考的易混淆的普通不定代词主要有以下几组,:,(1)many/much/(a)few/(a)little,考点,4,相同点,不同点,many/much,两者都表示,许多,many,修饰或替代可数名词复数,;,much,修饰或替代不可数名词,few/little,两者都表示,几乎没有,表否定意义,few,修饰或替代可数名词复数,;,little,修饰或替代不可数名词,a few/a little,两者都表示,一些,少量,表肯定意义,a few,修饰或替代可数名词复数,;,a little,修饰或替代不可数名词,考点帮,不定代词,考点,1,考点,2,考点,3,考点,4,I have many books to read and much homework to do every day.,我每天都有许多书要读,许多作业要做。,He can speak a little French,but he knows little English.,他能说点儿法语,但几乎不懂英语。,There are a few people over there,but I know few of them.,那儿有一些人,但是他们当中我几乎不认识什么人。,考点帮,不定代词,考点,1,考点,2,考点,3,考点,4,(2)some/any,相同点,既可以修饰或替代可数名词,又可以修饰或替代不可数名词,不同点,some,多用在肯定句中,还可以用在表示邀请、请求或希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中,any,多用在否定句、疑问句和条件状语从句中,;,用在肯定句中表示,任何一个,/,些,Can I get you some water?,我给你拿点水,好吗,?,Are there any apples in the fridge?,冰箱里有苹果吗,?,考点帮,不定代词,(3)either/neither/both/all/none,考点,1,考点,2,考点,3,考点,4,与两者,相关,either,(,两者中,),任何一个,作主语时,谓语动词用单数,;either.or.,或者,或者,要么,要么,连接并列结构作主语时,谓语动词遵循,就近原则,neither,两者都不,neither.nor.,既不,也不,连接并列结构作主语时,谓语动词遵循,就近原则,both,两者都,both.and.,和,都,连接并列结构作主语时,谓语动词用复数,考点帮,不定代词,(3)either/neither/both/all/none,考点,1,考点,2,考点,3,考点,4,与三者,及以上,相关,all,(,三者或三者以上,),全部,作主语时,谓语动词的单复数受其后名词的影响,none三者或三者以上中,),没有一个,Ive bought two books;you can have either.,我买了两本书,你要哪本都行。,Neither Tom nor I am interested in chemistry.,汤姆和我对化学都不感兴趣。,考点帮,不定代词,考点,1,考点,2,考点,3,考点,4,Both of my parents like swimming in summer.,我爸爸妈妈夏天都喜欢游泳。,All the people you invited are coming.,你邀请的人都会来。,None of the questions is/are about school life.,没有一个问题是关于学校生活的。,考点帮,不定代词,(4)each/every,every,强调整体,指三者或三者以上的人或物中的每一个,其后不可加of,仅用作定语,不可单独使用,each,强调个体,指两者或两者以上的人或物中的每一个,可与 of 连用,用作主语、宾语、定语等,可单独使用,考点,1,考点,2,考点,3,考点,4,Every room has a window facing the ocean.,每个房间都有一扇面对大海的窗。,Each of them paid attention to what the other said.,他们两个都注意听对方所说的话。,考点帮,不定代词,(5)other/the other/others/the others/another,考点,1,考点,2,考点,3,考点,4,other,泛指,另外的,(,人或物,),一般用作定语,修饰复数名词或不可数名词。,t,he other,特指,两者中的另一个,(,人或物,),常与,one,连用,构成,one.the other.;,作定语修饰复数名词时,表示,其余全部的,。,others,泛指,其他的,(,人或物,),相当于,other+,复数名词,不能作定语,常与,some,连用,构成,some.others.,。,考点帮,不定代词,(5)other/the other/others/the others/another,考点,1,考点,2,考点,3,考点,4,the others,特指,其余所有的,(,人或物,),相当于,theother+,复数名词,不能作定语。,another,泛指,(,不定数目中的,),另一个,可用作定语,;,还可以和数词以及复数名词连用,表示,再几个,another+,数词,+,名词复数,=,数词,+more+,名词复数。,Ive got some other friends Id like to invite.,我还想邀请一些其他的朋友。,考点帮,不定代词,考点,1,考点,2,考点,3,考点,4,I have two bikes.One is red,and the other is blue.,我有两辆自行车。一辆是红色的,另一辆是蓝色的。,Look!How happy they are!Some are singing,and others are dancing.,看,他们多开心啊,!,一些人在唱歌,另一些人在跳舞。,Helen is taller than the others in our class.,海伦比我们班其他学生都高。,What delicious cakes!May I have another one?,多美味的蛋糕啊,!,我能再吃一个吗,?,The doctor says I should stay in bed for another twodays.(=two more days),医生说我应该再卧床休息两天。,考点帮,不定代词,复合不定代词,初中阶段常见的复合不定代词,:,-one,someone,anyone,everyone,no one,-body,somebody,anybody,everybody,nobody,-thing,something,anything,everything,nothing,考点,1,考点,2,考点,3,考点,4,考点帮,不定代词,复合不定代词,(1),复合不定代词只能作主语、宾语和表语,不能作定语。作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数。如,:,Is everyone here?,人都到齐了吗,?,Someone is knocking at the door.,有人敲门。,(2),当形容词或,else,修饰复合不定代词时,形容词或,else,必须放在复合不定代词之后。如,:,I found something interesting in English learning.,我发现英语学习的有趣之处了。,Someone friendly can be easy to make friends with.,友好的人容易与之交朋友。,考点,1,考点,2,考点,3,考点,4,考点帮,不定代词,提分速记,考点,1,考点,2,考点,3,考点,4,something,意为,某事,;,某物,通常用在肯定句中,;,还可以用在表示邀请、请求或希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中。,anything,意为,某事,;,某物,时,通常用在否定句或疑问句中,;anything,还可以用在肯定句中,此时表示,任何事情,;,任何东西,。,nothing,意为,没有任何东西,;,没有任何事,相当于,not.anything,。,everything,意为,所有东西,;,每件事,。,考点帮,不定代词,提分速记,考点,1,考点,2,考点,3,考点,4,I have something important to tell you.,我有重要的事情要告诉你Would you like something to eat?,你想要一些吃的吗,?,Did you find anything in the room?,你在那个房间里找到什么东西了吗,?,You can buy anything you want on the Internet.,你在网上可以买到任何你想要的东西。,There is nothing in the bottle.,瓶子里什么都没有。,Everything will be fine.Dontworry.,一切都会好起来的,别担心。,考点,1,考点帮,指示代词,考点,2,考点,3,考点,4,单数,复数,用法,例句,thisthese,用于指时间或空间上较近的事物,I like this car better than that one over there.与那边那辆车相比,我更喜欢这一辆。,that,those,用于指时间或空间上较远的事物,These are animals and those are plants.这些是动物,那些是植物。,考点帮,指示代词,考点,1,考点,2,考点,3,考点,4,All I want to say is this ,表语,:That ,主语,is the best way.And you should do it in that ,定语,way.Have you understood that ,宾语,?,指示代词可在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语。,我想说的就是这一点,:,那是最好的方法,并且你应该按照该方法做事。你明白了吗,?,考点帮,指示代词,易失分点,(1)that/those,one/ones,it,的用法,:,that,指代上文提及的单数可数名词或不可数名词,;those,指代上文提及的复数可数名词,此时,that=the one,those=the ones,。如,:,The water in the cup is hotter than that in the bottle.,这个杯子里的水比那个瓶子里的水热。,The values of todays young people are different from those of their parents.,现在年轻人的价值观与他们的父母不同。,考点,1,考点,2,考点,3,考点,4,考点帮,指示代词,one,和,ones,是泛指,指代同类中的任何一个或几个,即同类不同物。如,:,I dont have a pen.Can you lend me one?,我没有钢笔。你能借我一支吗,?,The big fish eat little ones.,大鱼吃小鱼。,it,指代上文中提到的同一事物,如,:,We saw a big tree.It was fully twenty meters high.,我们看见一棵大树。它足有,20,米高。,考点,1,考点,2,考点,3,考点,4,考点帮,指示代词,(2),在电话用语中,this,指代自己,that,指代对方。如,:,Hello!This is Lucy.Whos that?,喂，我是露西。你是哪位,?,Hey,Lucy.This is Mary.,嘿，露西。我是玛丽。,考点,1,考点,2,考点,3,考点,4,考点,1,考点帮,疑问代词,考点,2,考点,3,考点,4,疑问代词是用来构成特殊疑问句的代词,一般位于句首,并在句中充当主语、表语、宾语或定语。,who谁,对人称代词主格和宾格进行提问,Who sits in front of you?谁坐在你的前面?,whom谁,对人称代词宾格进行提问,Whom did he meet yesterday?他昨天见了谁?,whose谁的,对物主代词进行提问,Whose book is this?这是谁的书?,考点帮,疑问代词,what什么,对具体内容进行提问,What do you like about this film?关于这部电影你喜欢什么?,which哪个,对指定范围内的哪个进行提问,Which season do you like best?你最喜欢哪个季节?,考点,1,考点,2,考点,3,考点,4,考点帮,疑问代词,归纳拓展,(1),所有疑问代词均可用作连接代词,引导宾语从句。如,:,Im not sure who will come tonight.,我不确定今晚谁会来。,No one knows what will happen.,没人知道将会发生什么。,Do you know which is right?,你知道哪个是对的吗,?,(2),除,what,外的疑问代词均可用作关系代词,引导定语从句。如,:,Here is the man who you want to see.,你想见的人就在这里。,I prefer the book which is educational.,我喜欢具有教育意义的书。,考点,1,考点,2,考点,3,考点4,考点帮,疑问代词,得分巧记,含,what,的常考句型,:,询问意见,:What about.?,你认为,怎么样,?,What do you think of.?,你认为,怎么样,?,What would you like to.?,你想,?,询问职业,:What is sb.?=What does sb.do?,某人是做什么的,?,询问外貌,:What does sb.look like?,某人长什么样,?,询问性格,:What is sb.like?,某人怎么样,?,询问天气,:What is the weather like?=How is the weather?,天气怎么样,?,考点,1,考点,2,考点,3,考点,4,