河南专用2020版中考英语八下第12课时Units3_4课件人教新目标版.pptx

第12课时八年级(下)Units 34,知识点1allow的用法,核心精讲过关,难点一provide,offer,give与supply,难点二borrow,lend与keep,难点辨析突破,知识点2compare的用法,知识点3return的用法,知识点4Why don,t you.?句型,知识点5fight的用法,词汇拓展,1.,relation,(,n,.),relationship,(,n,.)关系;联系,relative,(,n,.)亲戚;亲属,2.,ill,(,adj,.),illness,(,n,.)疾病;病,3.,fair,(,adj,.),fairness,(,n,.)公正性合理性,unfair,(,adj,.)不合理的;不公正的,4.,proper,(,adj,.),properly,(,adv,.)正确地;适当地,必备知识梳理,5.quick(,adj,.),quickly,(,adv,.)很快地,6.sweep(,v,.),swept,(过去式/过去分词)扫;打扫,7.,throw,(,v,.),threw,(过去式),thrown,(过去分词)扔;掷,throw away,扔掉;丢弃,8.lend(,v,.),lent,(过去式/过去分词)借给;借出,lend.to.,借给,9.,develop,(,v,.),development,(,n,.)发展;发育;成长,developing,(,adj,.)发展中的,developed,(,adj,.)发达的;高度发展的,10.,drop,(,v,.),dropped,(过去式/过去分词)落下;掉下,11.,argue,(,v,.),argument,(,n,.)争论;争吵,argue with sb.,和某人争吵,12.,communicate,(,v,.),communication,(,n,.)交流;沟通,communicate with,和,交流,13.explain(,v,.),explanation,(,n,.)解释;说明,explain to,向,解释,14.,usual,(,adj,),unusual,(,adj,.)不寻常的;与众不同的,15.two(,num,.),second,(序数词)第二,secondly,(,adv,.)第二;其次,16.clear(,adj,.),clearly,(,adv,.)清楚地;清晰地;明白地,17.cloud(,n,.),cloudy,(,adj,.)多云的,18.type(,n,.),typical,(,adj,.)典型的,19.maybe(,adv,.),perhaps,(同义词)可能,大概,也许,20.independent(,adj,.),independence,(,n,.)独立,21.neighborhood(,n,.),neighbor,(,n,.)邻居,22.save(,v,.),waste,(反义词)浪费,23.love(,v,.),hate,(反义词)恨,厌恶,讨厌,24.old(,adj,.),older/elder,(比较级),oldest/eldest,(最高级),重点短语,1.,do the dishes,洗餐具,2.,take out the rubbish,倒垃圾,3.,fold the clothes,叠衣服,4.,sweep the floor,扫地,5.,make the bed,铺床,6.,clean the living room,打扫起居室,7.,go out,出去,8.,in front of,在,前面,9.,come over,过来,10.,do housework,做家务,11.,walk away,走开,12.,have a test,考试,13.,a waste of,浪费,14.,all the time,一直,15.,as soon as,一,就,16.,in order to,目的是;为了,17.,depend on,依靠;信赖,18.,too much,太多,19.,do one,s part,尽某人的一份力,20.,take care of/look after,照顾,21.,as a result,结果,22.,get into,从事;开始(某事),23.,look through,快速查看;浏览,24.,be angry with,生气,25.,big deal,重要的事,26.,work out,成功地发展;解决,27.,get on with,和睦相处;关系良好,28.,communicate with,沟通,29.,compete with,竞争,30.,cut out,删除;删去,31.,compare.with,比较;对比,32.,in one,s opinion,依,看,习惯用语,any minute now随时;马上;在任何时刻,It,s a big deal./It,s no big deal.这是一件大事儿/没什么大事儿。,情景交际,Unit 3礼貌地提出请求和征求许可,礼貌地提出请求,Could you please take out the rubbish?,Yes,sure.,征求许可,Could I hang out with my friends after the movie?,Yes,but don,t come back too late.,Unit 4谈论问题,提供建议,1.What,s wrong?,I,m really tired because I studied until midnight last night.,2.What should he do?,He should talk to his friend so that he can say he,s sorry.,3.Maybe you could go to his house.,I guess I could,but I don,t want to surprise him.,重点语法,1.Could you please do sth.?句型表示征求许可。,2.Why don,t you.?句型及其回答(主要用来向对方提出建议)。,一、用括号中所给词的适当形式填空,1.It is important for children,to develop,(develop)a good habit of eating,healthy food.,2.We all know that the,fairness,(fair)of the competition is very important.,3.It is quite important for both of us to have proper,communication,(communi-,cate)when we feel angry.,4.Would you mind,lending,(lend)me your eraser?I can,t find mine.,5.Traditional exercises like sit-ups,press-ups and pull-ups are great for strengthen-,ing the body if you do them,properly,(proper).,词汇语境运用,6.We all take great interest in Mr.Li,s,explanation,(explain)of how to orga-,nize our ideas according to the type of writing.,7.Everyone has different,opinions,(opinion)about a good student.Personally,I,think a good student should first be honest and hard-working.,8.The glass,dropped,(drop)onto the floor and was in pieces.My mother told,me to clean them up carefully.,9.When Li Ming,returned,(return)to his hometown last week,he visited his,teachers and they talked a lot about the old school days.,10.I regret,arguing,(argue)with my parents about a small thing.I know what,they have done is for my good.,二、用方框中所给词的适当形式填空,skillprovideinsteadsecondwaste,developcausepressallowthrow,1.The Government has,provided,children in poor areas with food for free since,2011.,2.Firstly,I don,t have enough money.,Secondly,I don,t have free time.,3.,Throwing,rubbish everywhere not only influences the beauty of the park,but,also causes pollution.,4.Driving after drinking isn,t,allowed,because it may cause lots of traffic acci-,dents.,5.Life is not easy nowadays.Young people are under great,pressure,from,schooling and employment.,6.Drunk driving,causes,a lot of traffic accidents every year,so drivers should,put safety at the first place and never drive after drinking.,7.Knowledge is power.So education plays an important part in the,development,of modern society.,8.I don,t want to,waste,my time talking with her.It,s like playing the lute to a,cow.,9.China has ended its one-child policy and let families have two children,instead,.,10.In order to look after themselves better,teenagers should try to improve their liv-,ing,skills,.,1.pass,(,v,.)给;递;走过;通过;传球;,打发/消磨/度过(时间);及格;结束,(,n,.),及格;合格;通过;通行证;车票;乘车证,如:We sang songs to pass the time.我们借唱歌消磨时间。,She got a pass in French.她法语考试及格了。,a bus pass公共汽车乘车证,a boarding pass登机牌,熟词生义讲练,2.hate,(,v,.)厌恶;讨厌;,不愿;不想,(,n,.),憎恶;憎恨;所憎恨的人(或物),如:I hate to trouble you,but could I use your phone?我不愿麻烦你,但我能用一下,你的电话吗?,Plastic flowers have always been a hate of mine.我一向讨厌塑料花。,3.while,(,conj,.)与,同时;当,的时候;而;然而;,直到,为止,(,n,.)一段时间;一会儿,once in a while偶尔地;间或,如:I waited while six o,clock.我一直等到了六点钟。,4.waste,(,n,.)浪费;垃圾,(,v,.)浪费;滥用;,白费;使,屈才,(,adj,.)废弃的;丢弃的,无用的,waste time/a waste of time浪费时间,如:Her advice was not wasted on Chris.她对克里斯的建议没有白费。,You,re wasted as a sales manageryou should have been an actor.你当销售经理,屈才了,你本应该做演员。,There is a waste factory near our village.我们村庄附近有个废弃的工厂。,5.since,(,conj,.)因为,既然;从,以后,(,prep,.)从,以后;自,以来;,(表示气愤)何曾,什么时候,ever since自从,如:Since when did he ever listen to me?他什么时候听过我的话?,6.drop,(,v,.)dropped(过去式/过去分词)落下;掉下;,投递;放弃,(,n,.)滴,drop by顺便访问,如Drop everything and come at once!放下所有事情赶快来吧!,a drop of water一滴水,7.fair,(,n,.)展览会;交易会;,露天游乐场;集市,(,adj,.)合理的;公正的;,相当好的;白皙的,unfair(反义词)不合理的;不公正的,fairness(,n,.)公正性;合理性,如:Let,s take the kids to the fair.咱们带孩子们去游乐场吧。,There,s a fair chance that we might win this time.这次我们可能胜算很大。,8.deal,(,n,.)协议;交易(,v,.),发牌,big deal重要的事情,deal with对付;应付,如:Whose turn is it to deal?该谁发牌了?,9.offer,(,n,.),出价;提议,(,v,.)主动提出;自愿给予,offer to do sth.主动提出做某事,如:I,ve had an offer of$2,500 for the car.有人向我出价2500美元买这辆汽车。,It is a very kind offer.这是一个非常好的提议。,10.clear,(,v,.)清理;丢掉,(,adj,.)清楚易懂的;晴朗的;明显的;头脑清醒的,clearly(,adv,.)清楚地;清晰地;明白地,clear out清理,如:You,ll need to keep a clear head for your exams.你考试时需保持清醒的头,脑。,11.copy,(,v,.)抄袭;模仿;复制;复印,(,n,.)抄本,副本;一本(份,册,),a copy of一份;一本,如:I will send you a copy of the report.我会把这个报告的复印本寄给你。,The book sold 20,000 copies within two weeks.这本书在两周内销售了2万册。,12.return,(,v,.)归还;回来;返回,(,n,.)返回;归还,return books还书,如:I am here waiting for my father,s return from school.我在这儿等我爸爸从学校,回来。,13.push,(,v,.)鞭策;督促;推动;,说服,(,n,.)推,搡的动作,push sb.to do sth.鞭策/督促某人做某事,如:My teacher pushed me into entering the competition.我的老师劝我参加比赛。,The car won,t start.Can you give it a push?汽车发动不起来。你推一下好吗?,14.cause,(,v,.)造成;引起,(,n,.)原因;起因事业,如:The driver,s carelessness was the main cause of the accident.司机的粗心是造,成这一事故的主要原因。,一、根据语境,在横线上写出黑体单词的汉语意思,1.His experiment succeeded finally.All his efforts were not wasted.,白费,2.Driving after drinking is one of the most common causes of traffic accidents.,原因,二、单句填空,Jack hasn,t taken his piano lessons for a long time.,He is considering,dropping,(drop)his piano course and spending more time,on his study.,三、完成句子,1.In the summer afternoon,the children always,pass the time,(度过时间)by,playing in the streets.,2.Suddenly,someone,gave me a push,(推了我一把),and I dropped into the,pool.,How lucky you are fine,but the bad person must be punished seriously.,3.Whenever you want a good meal,come to my restaurant and eat for free.,Believe me.That is,an offer,(一个建议)I will not refuse.,知识点1allow的用法,核心精讲过关,1.Hey,turn it off,please!We don,t,allow music,(允许有音乐)in the read-,ing room.,Oh,I,m sorry,sir.I won,t do it again.,2.You can,t wear shoes inside this place.It,isn,t allowed,(allow).,3.The little girl was crying because her mother didn,t allow her,to eat,(eat)ice,cream.,allow作动词,意为“允许,准许”。主要用法如下:,1.allow+名词/代词。如:,We cannot stand by and allow such a thing.对这样的事,我们不能袖手旁观。,2.allow sb.to do sth.“允许某人做某事”。如My mother allowed me to play for only 30 minutes.我妈妈只允许我玩30分钟。,3.allow sb.sth.“允许某人某事”。如:,Passengers are allowed one item of hand luggage each.每位乘客允许携带一件手,提行李。,知识点2compare的用法,1.Children are always energetic and hopeful.We often compare them,to,the,rising sun.,2.If you compare his work,with,hers,you,ll find hers is much better.,3.If you always,compare yourself with others,(把自己与他人作比较),you,may have tons of pressure.,compare作动词,意为“比较,对比;与,相似;将,比作,”。,compare.to.与compare.with.辨析,短语,意义及用法,例句,compare.,with.,把,和,比较(常表示同类比较),compare,with,How does my writing compare with your writ-,ing?我的作品和你的比较起来怎么样?,compare.,to.,把,比作,(常表示异类相比,比喻),compare,to,We often compare teachers to candles.我们常把,老师比作蜡烛。,注意,compare放在句首作状语时,表被动要用compared,表主动要用comparing。如:,Compared with many people,she is really lucky.和许多人相比,她真的很幸运。,Comparing with his room,I find that mine is a little smaller.和他的房间相比,我发,现我的(房间)更小一些。,知识点3return的用法,1.Where are you going?,I,m going to the library.I,ve finished reading this book,so I,m going to,return,(buy/throw/return/borrow)it.,2.Mike,may I use your car?I need to go to Luoyang.,Of course.But you must return it,to,me this evening.,return的用法:,(1)“返回;回来”,相当于“go back/get back/come back”。如:,Ann will visit you when she returns to London.在Ann返回伦敦后,她将去拜访,你。(当“返回”讲时是不及物动词,后加to才可接地点。另外,return已含有,back的意思,后不可再跟back。),(2)“归还”,相当于“give back”。,I have returned the dictionary.我已经归还了字典。(当“归还”讲时是及物动,词,后可直接接物,若再接人时需加to,同样不可再跟back。如:You should return,the piano to Dick on time.你应该把钢琴按时还给Dick。),知识点4Why don,t you.?句型,1.Why don,t you,go to the park,(去公园)now?,Good idea!,2.I have too much housework to do at home.,Why not,(为什么不)ask your husband for help?,Why don,t you do sth.?意为“你为什么不做某事呢?”,与Why not do sth.?是同,义表达。如:,Why don,t you stay for supper?,=Why not stay for supper?,你为什么不留下来吃晚饭呢?,拓展,Why not?是常见的口语表达意为“为什么不呢?”,该句用于表示同意或赞,同。,Let,s go to the seaside.让我们去海边吧。,OK.Why not?好的。为什么不呢?,知识点5fight的用法,1.Martin Luther King,Jr.led the black to fight,against,the inequality between,the black and the white.Finally,they succeeded.,2.The two friends,had a fight,(打了一架)just now.But later they realized they,were wrong to do so and apologized to each other.,fight的过去式和过去分词均为fought。,1.fight作动词,意为“战斗;打架”。如:,My little brothers are always fighting.我的小弟弟们总在打架。,2.fight against与,作斗争;对抗;fight for为,而战斗。如:,We have to fight against difficulties.我们不得不同困难作斗争。,They fight for their motherland.他们为祖国而战斗。,3.fight作名词,意为“打架;战斗”。如:A fight broke out between Jim and Jack.吉姆和杰克打了起来。,难点一provide,offer,give与supply,难点辨析突破,1.I,m looking for a job.Could you,offer,(provide/produce/trade/offer)me,some information?,Oh,there is perfect one in today,s newspaper.,2.How,s Bob now?,I hear the company,offered,(offer)him a very good job,but he turned it,down.,3.Some people think it,s the parents,job to provide their children,with,a clean,and comfortable environment at home.,4.We,gave,(give)our mom some beautiful flowers on Mother,s Day and she,was very happy.,provide,offer,give与supply辨析,易混词,含义,用法,例句,provide,供给,提供,强调有预见,并通过储存或准备的方式来提供,We provided them with board and lodging.我们给他们提供食宿。,offer,提出,提供,offer强调“主动提供”,如主动提供帮助、服务或物品,He offered me a job,but I didn,t accept it.他提供给我一份工作,但我没有接受它。,give,供给,给,多指一般性“给予”或因别人需要而“给”,We gave her flowers for her birthday.我们送给了她一些花以庆祝她的生日。,supply,供给,提供,供给物资、存货等,We are well supplied with food.我们的食物供给充足。,provide,offer,give与supply句型的区别,(1)provide+,+with+,=provide+,+for+,(2)offer+,+,=offer+,+to+,(3)give+,+,=give+,+to+,(4)supply+,+with+,=supply+,+to+,难点二borrow,lend与keep,1.What did your friend tell you when you borrowed his,book?,He said I couldn,t,lend,(borrow/lend)it to others.,2.The librarian told me that I could,keep,(borrow/buy/keep/return)these maga-,zines for three days.,borrow,lend与keep辨析,如:Do you often borrow books from the library?,你经常从图书馆借书吗?,Thank you very much for lending it to me.,非常感谢你把它借给了我。,borrow,表示“借;借来;借入”,指向别人借来东西,常见的搭配是borrow sth.from sb.,lend,表示“借给;借出”,指把东西借给别人,常见的搭配是lend sb.sth.或lend sth.to sb.,keep,表示“长时间地借用”,可以和时间段搭配,How long can I keep the books?这些书我可以借多长时间?,For two weeks.两周。,注意borrow是非延续性动词,不能和时间段搭配,如果用在现在完成时中,和时,间段搭配时要用延续性动词keep。如:,I have kept the books for two weeks.,这些书我借了两个星期了。,