雅思阅读课-判断题教学文稿.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,雅思阅读,-T/F/NG,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,雅思阅读判断题中的几大误区,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,误区一 不敢选TRUE,很多,考,生在做T/F/NG题时，看见题目与原文稍微有点不一样，就倾向于选FALSE。在雅思阅读考试中经常出现同义词或近义词替换，如原文出现earnings,题目出现rewards；原文出现discount price,题目出现special offer。很明显，它们的意思是一样的，因此应该大胆地选TRUE。,其实，只要题目与文章对应出处的主题相同，考点词方向一致，就能选TRUE。,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,误区二见到only或must等绝对词就选FALSE,其实，这种情况下答案为FALSE的概率大概为85%，还有15%的可能是NOT GIVEN。因此，在考试时如果时间允许的条件下，还是应该老老实实地找出处，然后进行比较。,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,原文：His aim was to bring together,once every four years,athletes from all countries on the friendly fields of amateur sport.,题目：,Only,amateur athletes are allowed to compete in the modern Olympics.,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,“见到only就选FALSE”这个结论加一个条件，那就是，如果在文章中出现并列关系，在题目中却出现了only结构，那么答案选FALSE。,e.g.原文：Since the Winter Games began,55 out of 56 gold medals in the mens Nordic Skiing events have been won by competitors from,Scandinavia or former Soviet Union,.,题目：,Only Scandinavia,have won gold medals in the mens Winter Olympic Nordic Skiing events.,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,误区三找不到就选NOT GIVEN,这是最常见的误区之一，有些学生在考试时由于过度紧张，在没有仔细查找细节的情况下，动辄就选NOT GIVEN。,根据过去的经验，NOT GIVEN并不占答案的多数。以下是NOT GIVEN在不同情况下可能出现的数量，供大家参考。,（N为一篇文章考的判断题题量，n为答案选NG的数量。）,当N=3时，n=1。,当4N7时，n=1或2。,当N=8或9时，n=2或3。,注意：90%的T/F/NG题属于第种情形，即考47道题。,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,误区四 总是想直接判断NOT GIVEN,其实，直接判断NOT GIVEN的难度很大，需要对原文进行“地毯式”搜索才行。这就导致占用太多时间，费力而又不讨好。与其这样，倒不如在那些答案可能为“NOT GIVEN”的题目上先做个标记，等整个题型做完以后，回头再看看其T/F/NG三个答案的分布情况，作出选择判断。这种解题思路能够很好地避免因个别题目太难而耽误时间过多。据不完全统计，TRUE大概占42%，FALSE占38%，NOT GIVEN占20%。三者的比例大概为2：2：1，其中TRUE的可能性比FALSE略大些。这个结论有助于考生在做完题目以后进行检查，保证答案分布“合理”。,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,解题步骤,步骤一：,定位,，找出题目在原文中的出处。,(1)找出题目中的,关键词,，最好先定位到原文中的一个段落。,(2)从头到尾,快速阅读该,段落,，根据题目中的其它关键词，在原文中,找出与题目相关的一句或几句话,。,(3,)仔细阅读这一,句,话或几句话,，根据第二大步中的原则和规律，确定正确答案。,注意：要注意,顺序性,，即题目的顺序和原文的顺序基本一致。,步骤二：,判断,，根据下列原则和规律，确定正确答案。,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,一、选“是”的情况,情况一：题目是原文的同义表达。通常用,同义词或同义结构,。,例 1,原文：Frogs are losing the ecological battle for survival,and biologists are at a loss to explain their demise.,题目：Biologists are unable to explain why frogs are dying.,解析：题目中的are unable to与原文中的are at a loss to 是同义词，题目中的why frogs are dying与原文中的their demise是同义词，所以答案应为True。,例 2,原文：Gatsbys comments regarding university standards have,been roundly criticized as alarmist by,most educationists who point out that,by any standard of measurement,Australias education system overall,at both secondary and tertiary levels,is equal to that of any in the world.,题目：Australias education system is equal to any in the world in the opinion of most educationists.,解析：原文中的划线部分is equal to与题目中的意思一样，所以选True。,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,情况二：题目是根据原文中的几句话做出,推断或归纳,。不推断不行，但有时有些同学会走入另一个极端，即,自行推理或过度推理,。,例：,原文：For example,it has been demonstrated that rapid response leads to a greater likelihood of arrest only if responses are in the order of 1-2 minutes after a call is received by the police.When response times increase to 3-4 minutes-still quite a rapid response-the likelihood of an arrest is substantially reduced.,题目：A response delay of 1-2 minutes may have substantial influence on whether or not a suspected criminal is caught.,解析：从原文的两句话可以推断出：1-2分钟，抓住罪犯的可能性很大，3-4分钟，可能性就实质性的降低。所以，1-2分钟的反应延迟会对嫌疑犯是否被住产生实质性的影响，答案应为True。,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,总结,A)肯定=双重否定或正话反说,他长得很难看=他长得没有攻击性,B)同义词或同意短语,长得很难看=长得很抽象=长得很爱国=长得很敬业=长得很提神=长得很像车祸现场,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,calculate,count,compute,call,summon,send for,cautious,attentive,prudent，careful,cause,reason,excuse,cease,pause,stop,halt,quit,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,center,middle,heart,core,midst,certainly,naturally,of course,surely,certainty,assurance,conviction,change,alter,vary,convert,modify,transform,turn,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,二、选“否”的情况,情况一：题目与原文,直接相反,。,通常用,反义词、not加同义词及反义结构,。,例,原文：Individuals of all ages are being driven by social pressures to achieve academic success solely for monetary considerations instead of for the joy of enlightenment.,题目：Most people who upgrade their qualifications do so for the joy of learning.,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,情况二：,原文是多个条件并列，题目是其中一个条件,。,原文是两个或多个情形(通常是两种情形)都可以，常有,bothand、and、or及also,等词。,题目是“必须”或“只有”其中一个情况，常有,must及only,等词。,例,原文：Booking in advance is strongly recommended as all Daybreak tours are subject to demand.Subject to availability,stand-by,tickets,（剩余的票子）,can be purchased from the driver.,题目：Tickets must be bought in advance from an authorized Daybreak agent.,解析：原文是提前预定、直接向司机购买都可以，是多个条件的并列。题目是必须提前预定，是必须其中一个情况。所以答案应为False。,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,情况三：原文为人们对于某样事物的理论或感觉，题目则强调是客观事实或已被证明。,原文强调是一种,“,理论”或“感觉”,，常有,feel,sense,theory,等词。题目强调是一种,“,事实”,，常有,fact及prove,等词。,例,原文：Another,theory,is that worldwide temperature increases are upsetting the breeding cycles of frogs.,题目：It is a,fact,that frogs breeding cycles are upset by worldwide increases in temperature.,解析：原文中有 theory，强调是“理论”、“推测”，还没有得到证实。题目中有fact，强调是“事实”。所以答案应为False。,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,情况四：原文和题目中使用了表,示,不同范围、频率、可能性,的词,。,原文中常用,many(很多)、sometimes(有时)及unlikely(不,太可能),等词。题目中常用,all(全部)、usually(通常)、always(总是)、及impossible(完全不可能),等词。,例 1,原文：,Almost everyone,with or without a computer is aware of the latest technological revolution destined to change forever the way in which humans communicate,namely,the Information Superhighway.,题目：Everyone is aware of the Information Superhighway.,例 2,原文：Without a qualification from a reputable school or university,it is,unlikely,to find a good job.,题目：It is,impossible,to get a good job without a qualification from a respected institution.,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,情况五：,原文中包含条件状语，题目中去掉条件成份,。,原文中包含条件状语，如,if、unless或if not,也可能是用介词短语表示条件状语如,in,with,but for或except for,。题目中去掉了这些表示条件状语的成份。这时，答案应为False。,例,原文：The Internet has often been criticized by the media as a hazardous tool in the hands of young computer users.,题目：The media has often criticized the Internet because it is dangerous.,解析：原文中有表示条件状语的介词短语in the hands of young computer users,题目将其去掉了。所以答案应为 False,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,三、选“不确定”的情况,情况一：题目中的某些内容,在,原文中没有提及,或,找不到依据,。,Eg water is cold,water is hot.,water is clean.,(当原文和题干的两个对应句可以在真实条件中同时存在，就选NG),例：,原文：Already,millions of people around the world are linked by computer simply by having a modem(调制解调器)and an address on the Net,in much the same way that owning a telephone links us to almost anyone who pays a phone bill.,题目：Using the Internet costs the owner of a telephone extra money.,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,情况二：题目中,涉及的范围小于原文涉及的范围，也就是更具体,。,原文涉及一个较大范围的,范筹,，而题目是一个具体,概念,。也就是说，题目中涉及的范围比原文要小。,例1,原文：Our computer club provides printer.,题目：Our computer club provides color printer.,解析：题目中涉及的概念比原文中涉及的概念要小。换句话说，计算机俱乐部提供打印机，但是是彩色还是黑白的，不知道或有可能，文章中没有给出进一步的信息。所以答案应为Not Given。,例2,原文：Tourists in Cyprus（塞浦路斯）come mainly from Europe.,题目：Tourists in Cyprus come mainly from the UK.,解析：题目中涉及的概念“UK”比原文中涉及的概念“Europe”要小。原文只说到塞浦路斯旅游的游客主要来自欧洲，有可能主要来自英国，也可能主要来自欧洲的其他国家，文章中没给出进一步的信息。所以答案应为Not Given。,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,情况三：,原文是某人的,目标、目的、想法、愿望、保证、发誓,等，题目是,事实,。,原文中常用,aim(目的)、purpose(目的)、promise(保证)、swear(发誓)及vow(发誓),等词。题目中用,实意动词,。,例,原文：Wealthy parents,have always been willing to spend,the vast amounts of extra money necessary to send their children to schools with a perceived educational edge.,题目：Some parents,spend,extra on their childrens education because of the prestige attached to certain schools.,解析：原文中说有钱的父母愿意付更多钱让孩子名气更响的学校，但这不是事实。所以答案应为Not Given。,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,注意,1一定要依据原文，不能凭皆自己的知识。,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,2可以依据原文做适当的推断，但不能做无根据的自行推断或过度推断。,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,3要注意题目要求答什么。同是是非题，有时题目要求考生答Ture/False/Not Given，有时要求答T/F/NG，有时又要求考生答Yes/No/NotGiven，必须按照要求去做，否则，本来判断正确，因为不符合要求而失分，很可惜。避免答错的一个方法是：在平常练习中就按照题目的要求去答，而不是随心所欲。,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,4题目中若出现must、only、all及always，答案一般不会是True。题目中出现这些很常见，95%的答案都不是True。题目中出现上述这些词，答案False是还是NotGiven，就不一定，需要根据上面讲的规律再做判断，一般答案是False的比例更大一些。,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,5答案选择有一定的规律。通过实践得出如下的规律：A 题目数目在5个或5个以上时，三种答案都要出现。题目数目在5个以下时，则不一定。B可以连续三题答案都一样，如都是Ture，但还没有连续四题答案都一样。连续三题都一样的情况也不多见。,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,大,总结,1 出现同义表达或推断归纳的为YES/TRUE.,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,2 出现,Not,Must/only,Fact/prove,Many/sometimes/unlikely/all/usually/always/impossible,原文中有if/unless/ifnot/in/with/but/for/except for等表示条件状语成分时,答案应该为NO/FALSE,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,3 出现,原文没有提及或者找不到依据的题目,题目范围比原文所说的范围小，更具体的内容时候,原文是目标，想法，愿望，保证，发誓,（,aim,purpose,promise,swear,vow,）,的时候，题目是事实的时候,。,题目中有比较级，原文中没有比较级。,答案是NOT GIVEN,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,