高中省略句详解专题名师优质课获奖市赛课一等奖课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,本幻灯片资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，如有不当之处，请参考专业资料。,Ellipsis,省略,第1页,什么叫省略？,为了使语言简练或防止重复，省略句中一个或几个句子成份，这种语法现象称为省略。,第2页,简单句中省略,并列句中省略,状语从句中省略,定语从句中省略,名词性从句中省略,动词不定式省略,介词省略,使用,so,，,not,等时省略,省,略,类,型,第3页,一、简单句省略,1.,省略主语。,i.e.,(I)Beg your pardon.,(It)Sounds like a good idea.,2.省略谓语或谓语一部分。,i.e.,(Is there)Anything I can do for you?,(Is)Anybody here?,第4页,3.,省略主语和谓语，或谓语一部分。,i.e.,(Are you)Hungry?,(I want)orange juice,please.,4.,省略宾语或表语。,i.e.,-Where has Mr.Smith gone?,-Sorry,I dont know(where he has gone).,-Who has an English dictionary?,-I have.,-I am an English teacher.,-I am,too.,第5页,二、在由,and,或,but,连接并列句中，为防止重复，常省略一些重复词或词组。,1,.,省略共同主语。,i.e.,Tom picked up a book on the floor and(Tom)handed it to his teacher.,2.,若主语不一样而谓语助动词、情态动词相同，则省略后面助动词或情态动词。,i.e.,Jack must have been playing football and Mary(must have been)doing her homework.,第6页,3.,若主语与谓语动词相同，则省略后面主谓成份。,i.e.,His advice made me happy,but(his advice made)Jim angry.,4.,若主语不一样，但谓语及后续部分相同，则省略谓语及后续部分。,i.e.,I was born in winter in 1998 and Bob(was born in winter)in 1989.,5.,省略重复介词、连词及后续部分。,i.e.,He was late because he had overslept and(because he had)missed the train.,第7页,三、状语从句中省略,1.,在,when,while,whenever,till/until,if,unless,as soon as,as if/though,than,as,whether,等引导状语从句中，若谓语部分含有,be,动词，而主语又跟主句主语相同或从句主语为,it,时，则省略从句主语和,be,动词。,i.e.,Wood gives much smoke while(wood is)burning.,His opinion,whether(it is)right or wrong,would be considered.,Ill buy a TV set if(it is)possible.,If(it is)necessary,I will go.,Dont speak until/till(you are)spoken to.,Fewer people came than(they were)expected.,Please do the work as(you are)told to.,I will not go to the meeting unless(I am)invited.,第8页,2.,虚拟条件句常省略,if,，并将,were,，,had,，,should,提前组成部分倒装。,i.e.,Should there be a flood(=if there should be a flood),what should we do?,Had he taken my advice(=if he had taken my advice),he would be a college student now.,Were she my daughter(=if she were my daughter),I wouldnt allow her to study abroad.,第9页,四、定语从句中省略,1.,在限制性定语从句中，作宾语关系代词,whom/who,，,which,，,that,可省略,i.e.,He is the man(whom/who/that)you can safely depend on.,The book(which/that)you bought is good.,2.the way,作先行词在定语从句中作状语，能够用,in which/that,引导，也能够省略不用。,i.e.,I dont like the way(in which/that)you talk to your mother.,第10页,五、在名词性从句中省略,1.,在,know,，,think,，,consider,，,suppose,，,find,，,believe,，,say,，,decide,等动词后面所接宾语从句中，连词,that,能够省略；若带有多个宾语从句，只有第一个,that,能够省略，其余不省略。,i.e.,He said(that)the text was very important and that we should learn it by heart.,第11页,2.,由,which,，,when,，,where,，,how,和,why,引导宾语从句，可省略从句句子，只保留引导词。,i.e.,She will come back,but he doesnt know when(she will come back).,第12页,3.,insist,，,order,，,command,，,suggest,，,advise,propose,，,request,，,require,，,demand,desire,后面宾语从句或主语从句,应用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词用,“,should,+,动词原形,”,，,should,能够省略。,i.e.,He ordered that the meeting(should)be held at once.,He advised that I(should)not go abroad.,It is suggested that we(should)go to see the film.,一个坚持,两个命令,三个提议,四个要求,第13页,4.,名词,suggestion,proposal,advice,order,demand,requirement,decision,等,后面同位语从句和表语从句省略,should,。,He made a suggestion that they(should)hold an English speech contest.,Doctors give us some advice that we(should)pay more attention to our health.,My suggestion is that we(should)walk home instead of taking a taxi.,The requirement is that every student should donate one or two books.,同位语从句,表语从句,第14页,5.,主语从句中省略。,It is important/necessary/essential/vital/,strange/surprising/natural that(should)do,it is suggested/advised/requested/,required/ordered/proposed/decided that(should)do,i.e.,It is suggested that we(should)prevent water from being polluted.,第15页,六、动词不定式省略,1.,省略,to,后面动词。,在同一个句子或联络紧密对话中，为了防止重复，动词不定式符号,to,后面动词或短语经常被省略。,这种情况惯用于：,动词（短语）,refuse,，,like,，,love,，,would like,，,would love,，,wish,，,want,，,hope,，,expect,，,intend,，,try,，,forget,，,prefer,，,mean,等之后；,在,be going to,be about to,be supposed to,have to,used to,之后；,以及形容词,afraid,，,happy,，,glad,，,pleaseddelighted,，,willing,，,ready,等之后。,第16页,i.e.,-Would you like to come tonight?,-Id love to(come tonight).,-I am going shopping.will you go with me?,-Id like to(go with you),but I am busy now.,-Do you think you can pass the driving test?,-I hope so/I expect to(pass the driving test).,-Will you do me a favor?,-I am glad to.,The child wanted to play in the street but his mother asked him not to(play in the street).,I broke the vase but I didnt mean to(break the vase).,第17页,i.e.,I am not a doctor now,but I hope to be(a doctor)in the future.,Mary hasnt finished typing the article,but she ought to have(finished it).,-Was Mr.black a soldier?,-He ought to have been(a soldier).,注：,假如不定式,to,后面是,be,have,，,have been,动词,，,通常,要保留它们。,第18页,2.,省略不定式符号,to,。,并列不定式，第一个带,to,后面省略,to,。,i.e.,My work is to look after the children and(to)teach them English.,I want to go and(to)see him.,不过当并列两个不定式表示对比关系时，第二个,to,不能省略。,i.e.,To be for the plan or to be against the plan doesnt matter.,We live to give but not to get.,To,不能省略,第19页,当不定式做表语时，假如前面主语中出现实义动词,do,及,do,各种形式，则,to,可省略。,i.e.,What he wants to do is(to)go home.,动词,have(,使、让,),，,make,let,see,hear,notice,observe,watch,feel,help,短语,listen to,look at,后面带不定式作宾补省略,to,。,i.e.,I saw Jack cheat in the exam.,No one can help him(to)solve the problem.,He was made to work day and night.,介词,but,，,except,（除了）前有,do,详细形式时，后面不定式省略,to,。,i.e.,All he could do was nothing but wait and see.,He has nothing to do except/but go home.,区分：,He has no choice but to go home.,被动语态,to,不能省略,第20页,七、介词省略,1.,一些与动词、名词或形容词一起搭配介词经常省略，只保留其后动名词。,常见结构有：,Have difficulty/trouble(in)doing sth.,Be busy(in)doing sth.,Stop/prevent/sb.(from)doing sth.,Spend some time(in)doing sth.,i.e.,The heavy rain prevented him(from)arriving there on time.,He spent four hours(in)going over his lessons.,第21页,2.,表示时间介词,at,，,on,和,in,用在,next,，,last,，,this,，,these,，,yesterday,，,tomorrow,，,one,，,any,，,every,，,each,，,some,等词之前，普通能够省略。,i.e.,We go to school every day except Sundays.,He will come back next year.,We will have a meeting this week.,第22页,八、使用,so,，,not,等时省略,在英语中，能够用,so,，,not,或其它方式来省略上文或问句中一部分或整个句子。,i.e.,Can you finish your work today?,-I think so./I think not./I dont think so,-the boys are not doing a good job,are they?,-I guess not.,-Do you think it is going to rain?,-I am afraid not.,(,注意：,hope,，,guess,believe,expect,be afraid,只能用,not),第23页,Complete the sentence,1.,过马路要小心汽车。,Look out for cars _ _ _.,2.,正如计划一样，他们按时出席了会议。,They attended the meeting on time _ _.,3.,他比预料晚回三天。,He came back three days later _ _.,4.“,明天天气会放晴吗？”“我希望这么。”,-will it clear up tomorrow?,-I _ _.,5.,即使我们都精疲力竭，但我们并没有停下来。,_ _ _,we didnt stop.,exercise,when,crossing,the,street,as,planned,than,expected,hope,so,Though,worn,out,第24页,Multiple choice,1.when _help,one often says“Thank you.”or“Its kind of you.”,A.offering B.to offer,C.to be offered D.offered,2._fired,your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.,A.Would you be B.Should you be,C.Could you be D.Might you be,exercise,第25页,3.-Do you have anything to say for yourselves?,-Yes,theres one point _we must insist on.,A.why B.where,C.how D./,4.You cant imagine what difficulty we had _home in the snowstorm.,A.walked B.walk,C.to walk D.walking,exercise,第26页,5.Would you like to go shopping with me tomorrow?_,I will do some shopping alone.,A.If not B.If so,C.If you do D.If you cant,6.-I was wondering if we can go hiking this weekend.,-_good.,A.sound B.sounded,C.sounds D.sounding,exercise,第27页,7.The suggestion has been made that the football game _.,A.put off B.had been put off,C.be put off D.to be put off,8.He said that he was young _he couldnt carry the heavy box.,A.and B.and that,C.that D.such that,一个句子中假如包含两个或两个以上宾语从句，那么第一个宾语从句引导词,that,能够省略，而其它引导词不能省略,exercise,第28页,9.-Whats the matter with marry?,-She wasnt invited to the hall,but she still _.,A.hopes to B.hopes so,C.hopes it D.hopes that,10.One of the sides of the board should be painted yellow,and _.,A.the other is white,B.another is white,C.the other white,D.another white,exercise,第29页,11.I really dont think Tony will be upset,but Ill go and see him in case he _.,A.is B.has been C.will be D.does,12.The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day,_accompanied by an adult.,A.once B.when C.if D.unless,第30页,13.I like this jacket better than that one,but it costs almost three times _.,A.as much B.as many,C.so much D.so many,14.You can only be sure of _you have at present;you cannot be sure of something _you might get in the future.,A.that;what B.what;/,C.which;that D./;that,第31页,15.They made a request that the problem _ at the meeting.,A.will discuss B.will be discussed,C.should discuss D.be discussed,16.-whats the matter with Della?,-Well,her parents wouldnt allow her to go to the party,but she still _.,A.hopes to B.hopes so,C.hopes not D.hopes for,第32页,17.-Do you have any idea what Paul does all day?,-As I know,he spends at least as much time playing as he _.,writes B.does writing,C.is writing D.does write,18.-Do you think Jack is going to watch a football match this weekend?,-_.,I believe not B.I believe not so,C.I dont believe it D.I dont believe,第33页,Thank you,第34页,