有机光伏电池OPV发展报告PPT文档.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,Click to edit Master title stylea,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,Click to edit Master title stylea,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,Click to edit Master title stylea,材料合成与制备,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title stylea,*,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title stylea,*,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title stylea,*,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title stylea,*,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth 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title stylea,*,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title stylea,*,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title stylea,*,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title stylea,*,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title stylea,*,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title stylea,*,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title stylea,*,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title stylea,*,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title stylea,*,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title stylea,*,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title stylea,*,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title stylea,*,材料合成与制备,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title stylea,*,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title stylea,*,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title stylea,*,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title stylea,*,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title stylea,*,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title stylea,*,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title stylea,*,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title stylea,*,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title stylea,*,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title stylea,*,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title stylea,*,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title stylea,*,有机光伏太阳能电池,organic photovoltaic solar cell,1目 录,太阳能电池研究概述,OPV,发展历程,OPV,实现原理,前景展望,行业资讯,2,太阳能电池研究概述,太阳能电池研究概述,3,年人均用电量（度）,国家发达指数,能源是国家发展的动力：,随着人口增长，人们生活水平提高，能源需求激增，发展,清洁可再生新能源,成为当务之急！,欧美发达工业型国家,发展中国家,中国,非洲落后,农业型国家,太阳能电池研究概述,4,水利发电,风能发电,太阳能发电,太阳能热水器,核能发电,各种可再生能源对比,:,水利与风能,：受地形和气候限制,太阳能热水,：热能不如电能方便,核能,：核废料的处理，日本核危机引发核安全担忧,太阳能发电是解决能源长期缺口唯一和必然的选择！太阳能发电,：,太阳能广泛存在（全球都有日照）；,太阳能丰富充足（,1,小时地表太阳能等于世界,1,年使用能量）；,太阳能持续稳定（太阳至少持续发光十亿年）,5,中国年太阳总辐射量分布,6,地热,其它,太阳热,光伏,风力,生物质,水电,核能,天然气,煤,石油,全球能源组成结构：,太阳能光伏发电未来将保持高速增长，一百年内取代传统化石燃料成为主要能源！太阳能发电是一个,朝阳产业,！,关键：,光伏发电成本,1%,6%,25%,60%,1%,7,光伏太阳能电池年产量高速增长：,其它,美国,台湾地区,中国大陆,欧洲,日本,8,有机太阳能电池这个概念貌似很新，但其实它的历史也不短跟硅基太阳能电池的历史差不多。第一个硅基太阳能电池是贝尔实验室在1954年制造出来的，它的太阳光电转化效率约为6；而第一个有机光电转化器件是由Kearns和Calvin在1958年制备的，其主要材料为镁酞菁（MgPc）染料，染料层夹在两个功函数不同的电极之间。在那个器件上，他们观测到了200 mV的开路电压，光电转化效率低得让人都不好意思提。,OPV,发展历程,9,此后二十多年间，有机太阳能电池领域内创新不多，所有报道的器件之结构都类似于1958年版，只不过是在两个功函数不同的电极之间换用各种有机半导体材料。1986年，行业内出现了一个里程碑式的突破。实现这个突破的是位华人，柯达公司的邓青云博士。这个时代的有机太阳能电池所采用的有机材料，主要还是具有高可见光吸收效率的有机染料。,（,1%,）！,OPV,发展历程,10,OPV,发展历程,美国加州伯克利分校科学家在,2002,年利用塑料纳米技术研制出第一代塑料太阳能电池，可以安装在一系列便携式设备及可穿戴式电子设备上。提供,0,7V,的电压。,价格低、易成型，通过化学修饰调控性能。,11,有机太阳电池光电转换过程：,1),入射光在有机聚合物中的吸收；,2),产生激子；,3),激子向给体,/,受体界面的扩散；,4),激子在给体,/,受体界面上的电荷分离，产生给体,HOMO,能级上的空穴和受体,LUMO,上的电子；,OPV,实现原理,12,HOMO,HOMO,LUMO,LUMO,下电极,上电极,给体,受体,h,真空,吸收光子产生激子,(,电子空穴对,),激子在给体受体界面分离,自由电子和空穴传输并被两极收集,电荷产生，传输和收集,有机太阳能电池原理,。,有机电池吸收光以后首先激发的是激子，激子由电子和空穴成对组成，呈中性，对电池收集电流并没有贡献。最关键的是产生的激子向给体,/,受体界面扩散，在界面势场的作用下发生电子和空穴的分离，一旦分离以后产生的载流子才对电池有贡献！,13,太阳能电池,能量转换效率,(PCE),：,太阳电池受光面积的最大输出功率（,Pmax,）与入射的太阳光能量密度（,Plight,）的百分比。,R,(JV),max,JscVoc,R(0,),14,有机薄膜制作方法,(,膜厚由转速、溶剂、组成成分和浓度决定,),刮刀刀片,丝网印刷,旋涂,有机太阳能电池制作方法,15,优点,成本低,质量轻,材料来源广泛,制备工艺简单,可做在柔性衬底上,可大面积生产,材料的光及电特性可调整,缺点,效率低,寿命短,有机太阳能电池优缺点,16,有机聚合物太阳能电池的应用前景可表现在：,可穿戴光伏设备（突出的柔性特点，环保特性），,楼宇的玻璃幕墙（需要一定量光透过，又能利用剩余太阳能资源），,条件比较极端的应用场景（高温，弱光等），,便携式小型太阳能设备（材料轻薄）,仿生学应用（例如自然界中光合作用第一步光反应的能量转换效率高达,42%,，可以人工合成这种酶，用以大幅度提高光伏器件效率）,发展前景,17,行业资讯,18,有机光伏薄膜领域的行业领先企业,Heliatek Gmbh,，该公司有机光伏电池的电池效率达到了创纪录的,12.0%,。这种有机光伏电池在,1.1,平方厘米,的标准面积上达到,12.0%,的高效率，它同时采用了两种获专利的吸收材料，可转换不同波长的日光。由于,OPV,在高温和弱光条件下的独特表现，其,12%,的破纪录效率与传统光伏技术（如晶体硅和薄膜光伏电池）达到的,14%,到,15%,的效率相当。在温度逐渐升高和太阳能辐射逐渐减弱的情况下，这些传统技术的电池效率将明显下降，相比而言，有机电池在同等条件下却能提高效率，从而可在现实环境中实现高得多的能源收集率。,行业资讯,19,The End,20,