英语(二)自学考试-(课堂PPT).pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,#,英语（二）自学考试,备考指南,By,：余勇,1,目录,一、考什么,二、考试题型,三、如何备考,四、学习方法讲解,五、做题方法讲解（真题）,2,一、考什么？,考试要求：,1.,较系统的英语语法知识；,2.,约,3800,个英语单词,&,约,750,个词组；,3.,一定的英语写作能力,重点：基本词汇和语法,目的：培养阅读能力,优势：没有听力,与其他英语考试对比：,高考 约,3500,词汇,Pets 3,约,4000,词汇,CET 4,约,4000,词汇,CET 6,约,6000,词汇,TEM 4,约,8000词汇,TEM8,约,12000,词汇,TOEFL,约,8000,词汇,IELTS,约,8000,词汇,3,二、考试题型,总分,100,，考试时长,150,分钟,题型如下：,阅读判断：,10,阅读选择：,10,概括大意，补全句子：,10,填句补文：,10,填词补文：,15,完形补文：,15,写作：,30,主观题,客观题,4,三、如何备考,植根书本课文、多做模拟题与真题,1.,单词记忆放在具体语境中，尤其是课文；把生词记忆和课文经合，,记单词是为学课文服务,。,2.,通过做基础语法练习和阅读练习来巩固和加强基本词汇和常用词组的练习。,3.,在考试题的练习中巩固和提高词汇的应用能力。,4.,占卷面总分一半的试题所用的句子是根据教材中出现的句子编写的。其余的试题所用句子虽然不是引自教材，但他们的选择也是严格按照考试大纲的要求和教材的范围进行的。,5.,语法系统性,5,四、学习方法讲解,1,）单词记忆,构词记忆、分类记忆、同反义记忆、阅读记忆等,构词记忆,：前缀、后缀、词根、词干、合成,un-,un,able,un,employment,un,cover,re-,re,build,re,cycle,re,write,re,view,-ful beauti,ful,wonder,ful,help,ful,truth,ful,-ous danger,ous,gener,ous,courage,ous,扩展：,create creator creation creative,creatively,Succeed success successful successfully,6,分类记忆,island,岛、岛状物,insular,海岛,peninsula,半岛,islet,小岛,快乐的，高兴的,happy,joyous,blessed,pleasing,delightful,同反义记忆,accept,receive,accident,event,incident,problem,issue,question,matter,合成词,weekend,homesick,woman police,man-made,duty-free,7,坚持四个原则,多感观记忆：眼看，口读，手写，耳听，心记,联系记忆,理解记忆,复习记忆,8,2,）语法学习,十种词性，十六种时态，两种语态，三种语气,名词 动词,形容词 副词,代词 数词,实词,介词 冠词,连词 感叹词,虚词,时间,状态,过 去,现 在,将 来,过去将来,一 般,一般过去时,did,一般现在时,do/does,一般将来时,will/shall do,一般过去将来,would/should do,进 行,过去进行时,was/were doing,现在进行时,am/is/are doing,将来进行时,will/shall be doing,过去将来进行时,would/should be doing,完 成,过去完成时,had done,现在完成时,has/have done,将来完成时,will/shall have done,过去将来完成时,would/should have done,完成,进行,过去完成进行时,had been doing,现在完成进行时,has/have been doing,将来完成进行时,will/shall have,been doing,过去将来完成进行时,would/should have been doing,9,主动语态和被动语态,陈述语气，祈使语气，虚拟语气,条件从句,结果主句,与现在事实相反,A,式：,If I/we/you/he/she/it/they+,动词过去式（,be,动词的过去式一律用,were,）,B,式：,could+,动词原形,I/we/you/he/she/it/they+would+,动词原形,与过去事实相反,A,式：,If I/we/you/he/she/it/they had+,过去分词,B,式：,could have+,过去分词,I/we/you/he/she/it/they+would have+,过去分词,与将来时间相反,A,式：一般过去式,B,式：,were+,不定式,C,式：,should+,动词原形,D,式：,could+,动词原形,would/should+,动词原形,10,3.,句子构成,简单句,的五种基本句型：,并列句,：,And,but,yet,for,so,and so,while,whereas,or,as well as,rather than,either or,neither nor,not only but also,besides,等,感叹句、祈使句,句型,例句,主语,+,动词,Birds fly.,主语,+,动词,+,宾语,The early bird catches the worm.,主语,+,系动词,+,表语,They are birds of a feather.,主语,+,动词,+,宾语,补语,I heard the birds singing merrily.,主语,+,动词,+,间宾,+,直宾,She bought the bird a cage.,11,复合句,主语从句,宾语从句,同位语从句,表语从句,定语从句,限制性,&,非限制性定语从句,状语从句,时间、地点、条件、原因、让步、,方式、比较、目的、结果,另：主谓一致,倒装,名词性从句,12,五、解题方法讲解（真题）,一、阅读判断,先看题，从第一题开始从文中找相对应的句子，如果文中有一样的，则判断是否正确，如果按顺序做下来没看到相同或相近意思的句子，则先标记出来，做完,10,道题后再快速浏览文章，核对有无出现。确定没有后选择答案,C,，表示文中没有给出。,请看下题：,1.I was unhappy with my life three years ago.,A.True,B.False C.Not Given,P1,：,I remember one evening,three years ago,when my life was very different.1 was overweight.I was deeply in debt.I was a smoker.,I felt hopeless and helpless,.I couldnt change anything.,技巧,：,1.,题目中有时间所以先确定文章中时间所在地；,2.,题目讲的是,unhappy,，看文章有没有相同，相近或相反的词。注意,un,happy,，所以也要注意文中出现,not/no,的地方。,hope,less,无希望的；,help,less,无助的,-less,，形容词尾缀，表否定。,13,2.I,drank,every day and couldnt stop it.,A.True B.False,C.Not Given,3.I was unable to support my family.,A.True B.False,C.Not Given,P1,：,I remember one evening three years ago,when my life was very different.1 was overweight.I was deeply in debt.I was a,smoker,.I felt hopeless and helpless.I couldnt change anything.,P2,：,Then I looked up at the sky and thought what a miraclelife is.And I resolved to list the good things in my life.I had a wonderful wife.1 had five amazing children.I could see and appreciate the beauty of the world around me.The list went on,but you get the idea.Even when things seemed terrible for me,actually I was OK.,注：第二题说,drank,，但是通观第一和第二段都没有看见同义词，所以,暂时判断,为文中没提。同理第三题在前两段也未出现。,14,4.One evening,I came to a new understanding of my life.,A.True,B.False C.Not Given,5.Many people,value,the habit of gratitude nowadays.,A.True,B.False,C.Not Given,P3:That night,I,resolved,to,be grateful for,(,对,心存感激,),what I had,and for the people in my life.I started the habit of gratitude.Now many people consider it,unimportant,.Im here to tell you that its very important.It changes lives.,注：,从第,2,段和第,3,段第一句中的,resolved,可以看到第,4,题答案。,resolve,除了表解决外，还可以表转变，正好和第,4,题的,came to a new life,相照应。,第,5,题，很多人可能对,value,这个词的名词意思很熟悉，即价值，但这里考的是,熟词生义,，即,value,做动词时可表重视。而,unimportant,正好表示相反的意思。,通过这两题我们可以看到，如果词汇量不够，就是再多的技巧也不一定有用。,15,6.Now I have a,closer,relationship with my wife.,A.True,B.False C.Not Given,7.I am now,more strict,with my kids.,A.True,B.False,C.Not Given,P4.,Now I appreciate my wife Eva,more,.I feelgood about having her in my life.And we have,deepened,our relationship.I also appreciate my kids more.,Instead of criticizing them,I tend to notice theirloveliness,curiosity and humor.,注：第,6,题的,closer,是一个比较级，表更亲近的，那么我们从第四段可以找到两个对应的词，一个是,more,另一个是,deepened,前者表更，后者是由,deep,引申而来的动词，表加深。,同理第,7,题的更严厉可以与,instead of criticizing them,呼应，其中,instead of,表转折，所以可以得出答案。,16,8.I like making friends with people around me.,A.True B.False,C.Not Given,9.I now try to see the good in others.,A.True,B.False C.Not Given,10.A small action doesnt work to change ones bad habit.,A.True,B.False,C.Not Given,P5.,To others around me,at work and everywhere else,because instead of seeing the faults in everyone,I see the good,and am grateful for them.I need less,，,because instead of thinking about what I dont have,I am grateful for what I do have.Each and every moment becomes cause for gratitude,and life becomes easier.,P6.,Without the habit of gratitude,we tend to complain and see the bad in people and things.,We cant change that at once,but you can do something.For example,you can start with a small action,.Really feel the happiness that something or someone is in your life,or take a moment to make a list of the things in your lifethat youre thankful for.,17,本题总结：按顺序做题,同近义词词义辨析,_,二：阅读选择,(,略,),18,二：概括段落大意和补全句子,16.,D.Impact of ancient Greek values.,Ancient Greek civilization has greatly helped,the building of todays society.,Many countries now still,base their laws and ethics(,伦理）,on the teachings and doings of ancient Greeks.In everyday life,ancient Greeks valued loyalty,glory,intelligence and hospitality(,好客,).These may seem simple values,but they did,effectively shape,ancient Greeceinto a most referenced culture in history.,21.Ancient Greek values are held,(B.in many countries),19,A.Education in ancient Greece.,During ancient Greece,men,were required to go to school and learn,.Boys were taught at home until they were 6 years old and then sent off to school Ancient Greek schools featured a structure that had boys in school from the age of six until fourteen and then an optional additional four years.The boys were trained in arts and in citizen training.Citizen training prepared Greek boys for two aspects of adult life,which were peace and war.,22.Young men in ancient Greece were required,(A.to go to school).,20,F.Sense of honor of ancient Greeks.,Glory for young men in ancient Greecewas the same as fame to young people today.Stories of war glories and battles were handed down to young men so that they desired to make their names along with the victory of a battle.,23.Young Greeks had a strong desire,(C.to achieve honor),B.Friendliness of ancient Greeks.,Helping your fellow man was an important aspect of life in ancient Greece.Ancient Greeks were kind and generous.They offered food,shelter and protection travelers without question.They believed that helping others was their brotherly duty.,24.Ancient Greeks saw it as a duty,(F.to help others),21,E.Top value of ancient Greeks.,Loyalty is perhaps the most important value of ancient Greek civilization.It was stressed in everything the Greeks did.They believed in loyalty to the family,the community and most importantly to the gods.The gods of ancient Greece often sent tests to citizens.Keeping faith through the tests was a sign of loyalty and belief.,25.Ancient Greeks stressed loyalty,(D.in whatever they did),22,四：填句补文,ThePower of Positive Thinking,Human emotion is oneof thosefactors that cannot he defined exactly.Thereason is that it is quiteuncertain.We,cannotchange,the feelings that areroused when we experiencedifferent things.(,26 B.,However,.wemust always remember that,wecan control,our reactions.),Some people forget that they are in control.They make their choices based on theiremotions.I hey experience failure and lossandlet their emotions rule their decisions.They are trappedin their sadness andthus.experiencemore failure.,Some people say they need a lucky,break,to recover from their failures.(,27 E,.,However,liferarely gives people a,break,.),They need to get over their failureson their own.But how do they do that?I he answer is:positive thinking.,23,People often,fail to realize,the power of positive thinking.,(28 A.,They,fail torealize,that their worst enemy lies within themselves.),They,fail to realize,that they only need toovercometheir fears in order to truly succeed in life.They just have too much pride and areblinded of their own shortcomings.,Thepower of positive thinking lies,in belief,.(,29 F.,You need to,believe,that you are in control.),You,makethe decisions that affect your life.,You,may not be able tochangeyour environment,butyou areable to change the way you reactto it.,通过前后句主语判断不能选,D,。,The power of positive thinking lies beyond false courage.You need lo take another look at the world around you.(,30 C.,You cant just,take a look atyour failures,or you will lose hope.),You cant rest,on your success.or foolish pridewill causeyou to make wrong decisions.,D.,We can benefit a lot from positive thinking.,24,五：填词补文,A.seem,E.statues,I.get,B.give,F.tourist,J.rarely,C.place,G extraordinary,K.say,D.talk,H.lines,L.usually,Meet Famous People in London,Many people like to see famous people.But famous people dont,（,31 L,.usuallylike to be looked at.At least,they dont like to be looked at all day every day!However,there is one,（,32 C.place,）,in England,where,you can look at lots of famous people every day.That is Madame Tussauds,（杜莎夫人腊像馆）,the most popular,（,33 F tourist,）,attraction in London.,31.,通过,but,可知其为转折句，对比上一句意思，可以选择最适合的单词为,usually,。,32.,通过,where,可以看出这是一个地点状语从语，,place,正好表示地方。,33.Tourist attraction,为固定搭配，指旅游景点。,25,On most days of the year,（,34,H.lines,）,of visitors can be seen,outside,Madame Tussauds.They want to,（,35 I.get,）,in,and see some of the most famous people in the world.If you like,you can,（,36 D.talk,）,to those film stars,sports stars or politicians in Madame Tussauds,but they wont,（,37,K.say,）,anything to you,because they cant!Madame Tussauds is a waxworks(,蜡像馆,),，,andthe“famous people,”,inthe building are made out of wax.But,this doesnt,（,38,A.seem,）,to be a problem.Ordinary people like looking at,（,39,G.extraordinary,）,people,even if they are only,（,40,E.statues,）,.Its better than nothing!,34.,游客的队伍可以在,MT,的外面见到，外面见到不是排队是什么？,35.,通过上句的,outside,和本句的,in,可以看出是进入。,36.&37.,两者对应，而且是近义，那么选项里面只有,D,，,K,是近义。,38.,但是，这些似乎并不是问题。,39.&40.,普通人想要看大人物，即使他们只是雕像。,A.seem,E.statues,I.get,B.give,F.tourist,Jrarely,C.place,G extraordinary,K.say,D.talk,H.lines,L.usually,26,六：完形补文,Dont Be Afraid of Making Mistakes,Lost of people dont dare to make,mistakes,(mistake).They fearthat they will be,ridiculed,or(41,),(,blame),by others.They fear that they will lose their money and belongings or be under a lot of stress.But risks are(42),(actual),unavoidable,and they do pave the way towards success.,Have,you ever(43),(hear),of someone who achieves success without making any mistakes before?,41.,该空前有一个,or,，表明这是一个选择结构，所以前后动词应该保持一致，,or,前用的,ridiculed,所以,blame,应该用过去分词结构,blamed,.,42.Unavoidable,很明显是一个加了,-able,尾缀的形容词，而修饰形容词的只能是副词，所以前面,actual,应该变形为,actually.,43.,本句句首是,Have,，那么很明显的是现在完成时态，那么动词除了要考虑时态外，还要考虑主被动语态，这句话是主动语态，所以应该填,heard,。,注：本大题语法错误和拼写错误均不给分。,27,So,it is,(44,),(,nature),that,making mistakes in your effort to reach your dreams,is(45),(consider),a must,and you shouldnt worry about that as you may get,a lot of,(46,),（,advantage),out of your mistakes.By making mistakes you then can distinguish between the correct,and,the(47,),(correct),portions of what you did.Anthony DAngelo,said,:“In order to succeed you must fail,so that you know what to do the next time.”,44.,这句话为系表结构，所以,is,后应该接,adj,作为表语，,nature,改为,natural.,45.,从,making,开始的红色句子为动名词结构做整个从句的宾语，可译为“在努力实现梦想的道路上，犯错被认为是必定的。”所以,45,题是被动语态，应填,considered.,46.,直接填入名词复数,advantages,47.,同,41,题解析，填入,incorrect,28,And Robert Louis Stevenson even(48,),(go),to the extreme as to say:“Our business in life is not to succeed,but to continue to fail in good(49)spirit).,”,You neednt worry about anything as long as you keep on going by(50),(wise),learning from your mistakes and trying even harder.,48.,对应前一句,DAngelo said,可知这里,RLS,应该同样是过去式,went,。,49.,Spirits,，,in good spirits,是固定搭配，译为精神抖擞。,50.,同,42,题解析，动词,learn,应该用副词修饰，所以填,wisely,29,七：短文写作,（,100,词左右,）,51.,假设你暑假参加了你所在社区组织的义工（,volunteer,）活动。请给你的美国朋友,Tom,写一封英文电子邮件，与他分享你的感想，内容包括：,你做了什么义工工作,你认为做义工的意义是什么,请以,LiKe,署名。,30,