人文英语(1)-形考册答案.pptx

口令：BBS1113,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,#,口令：BBS1113,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2020/3/9,#,口令：BBS1113,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2020/3/9,#,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2020/3/9,#,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2020/3/9,#,人文英语,1,形考作业1,一。交际用语,A 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.C,二、词汇与结构,6-10 BCAAA 11-15 ACBBB 16-20 CCBAB,四、翻译,三、阅读理解,21-25 CCAAB 26-30 TFFTT,31-35 ACBBC,形考作业,1,2,6.be familiar with,熟悉,7.Look at,看,look into,调查,look after,照顾，照料,8.,经常性习惯性动作使用一般现在时 行为动词作谓语使用动词原形，第三人称单数用,does,9.Extend the boundaries knowledge,扩大知识面,increase,增加（数目、数量、体积）,enrich,使富足,10.You are,all,coming to the party,all,作为同位语放在,be,动词之后,11.See sb.,do,sth.,看到某人做某事,12.In case,以防,although,尽管，虽然,as long as,只要，如果,13.Seminar,研讨会,semester,学期，半学年,season,季节,14.Even if,即使，纵然,Let alone,更不用说,let out,放出，发出（声音）,形考作业,1,3,15.Be going to,give her,打算,16.If it,rains,tomorrow,we,wont,go out for a picnic.,主句用一般将来时，,if,条件句用一般现在时。简称,主将从现,17.Would like,to do,sth.,想要做某事,18.Cant have done,不可能做了,（表对过去事情的推测）,19.,even if,一般引导的是把握不大或假设的事情,even though,引出的是事实,.,如：,Even if we achieve great success in our work,we should not be proud.,即使我们在工作中取得了巨大成绩,也不应该自满,.,Even though he was late,he was not criticized by the teacher,虽然他晚了,可他并没有受到老师的批评,.,20.,“有某人在做某事”这一句型，即“,There be,sb,doing sth,地点时间状语”。,形考作业,1,4,人文英语,1,形考作业,2,一。交际用语,A 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.A,二、词汇与结构,6-10 CAABA 11-15 BB A CC 16-20 BCBBB,四、翻译,三、阅读理解,21-25 CBCAB 26-30 TFTFT,31-35 BCBAC,形考作业,2,注：,7.,在题干,could,后加,not,12.,去掉题干中,of,6,6.put up,建造；举起,put off,推迟,put on,穿上,;,戴上,7.The couple was so drunk that they could not drive home.,drunk adj.,醉,so+adj./adv.+that,如此,以致,The couple was too drunk to drive home.,tooto,太,而不能,Is the river deep enough for swimming/to swim in?,在这条河里游泳水够深吗,?,enough,用於动词,形容词和副词之後,enough to do sth/for doing sth,达到满意的程度,;,足够地,;,充足地,:,8.Suggest,见课本,P71,语言解释,15.,9.do/does/did,用来加强语气 见课本,P10,语言解释,1.,10.admission,进入或获准进入某建筑物,社团,学校等,reward,n.,报酬,酬谢,opportunity,n.,机会,时机,7,11,the number of,表示“,的数量”，跟,复数名词,连用作,主语,时，中心词是,number,，,谓语动词,要用单数。例如：,The number of students in our class is50,我们班学生的数量是,50,人。,a number of,表示“许多”，相当于,many,修饰,可数名词,复数,。作主语时，谓语动词用复数。,number,前可用,large,，,small,等修饰，以表示程度。例如：,A number of students are planting trees on the hill,许多学生在小山上植树。,8,12.worth worthy,均可作表语,但所用句型不同,:,be worth doing,doing,用主动试表被动，如：,The film is worth seeing.(,电影值得看,),（被看）。,The novel is worth reading.,（这本小说值得读）（被读）,worthy,用于该句型，要加,of,表达被动意义，还需用被动式：,The film,is worthy of,being seen.,The novel is worthy of being read.,此外，,worthy,还可用作形容词，作前置定于定语，,worth,不行,.,He is a worthy man.(,他是一个值得尊敬的人,),13.,9,13.,.,比较级、最高级的构成规则见课本,P53,表示,“,比,.,更,”,。用比较级形容词,+than+,比较成分,than,后主词的述语 动词往往省略,非正式用法的,than,后的人称代名词可用宾格。,He is younger than me.,他比我年轻。,I am a better swimmer than he(him).,我游泳比他好。,表示,较,.,低,;,不及,.,用,less+,原级形容词,+than+,比较成分,。,I am less young than he(is).,我不比他年轻。,表示两者之中,较,.,用,the+,比较级,+of the two,。,This one is the bigger of the two houses.,这所房子是两座房子中较大的。,10,比较形容词可以被副词如,a little(,一点,),much(,很多,),even(,更加,),still(,更加,),far(.,的多,),等修饰,但不可用,very,修饰。,翻译,:,现在的生活比二十年前简单得多了。,(,误,)Life is very easier than it was twenty years ago.,(,正,)Life is very much easier than it was twenty years ago.,11,14.as+,形容词或副词的原级,as,达到与什么相同的程度,如,:He is as strong as a horse.,他力大如牛。,15.economic,是,economy,的形容词形式，,economical,也是,economy,的形容词形式,economic,economical,两个词都可译成“经济的”，但含义不同。,economic,用以指与贸易、工业或财富等有关的“经济上的”或“有关经济学方面”的意义，一般用作定语。如,:,They are faced with many economic problems.,他们面临许多经济问题。,The country is in a bad economic state,so we must reduce profits.,国家经济状况不佳，所以我们应减少利润。,economical,则指与“节约”同义的“经济”，相当于,not wasteful,。既可指人也可指物，既可作表语也可作定语。如,:,She is an economical housekeeper and feeds her family cheaply.,她是一个节俭的家庭主妇，她全家的花销不大。,12,16,.,endure,toothache,忍受牙痛,Suffer(from/with/for sth)feel pain,discomfort,great sorrow,etc,感到疼痛,不适,悲伤等,;,受苦,;,吃苦头,:,Do you suffer from(ie often have)headaches?,你常头痛吗,?,Shes suffering from loss of memory.,她患有遗忘症,.,17.,现在进行时,am/is/are+v-ing,13,18.whether,和,if,都可以引导宾语从句，表示“是否”，在口语或间接引语中两者可以互换使用。如：,I wonder if/whether I can get some advice from you.,Ask him whether/if he can come.,但在有些情况下，,whether,和,if,的用法有一定区别。,1.whether,引导的从句常可以与连词,or,或,or not,直接连用，而,if,一般不能。如：,正：,Let me know whether you can come or not.,误：,Let me know if you can come or not.,2.,当宾语从句提到句首时，只能用,whether,引导，而不能用,if,。如：,正：,Whether it is true or not,I cant tell.,误：,If it is true or not,I cant tell.,14,3.whether,可以引导带,to,的不定式，,if,则不能。如：,正：,I dont know whether to accept or refuse.,误：,I dont know if to accept or refuse.,4.whether,及其引导的成分可放于介词之后，作介词的宾语，但,if,不能。如：,正：I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.,误：,I worry about if I hurt her feelings.,15,5.whether,可以引导从句，作主语、表语或同位语，而,if,不能。如：,正：,It was uncertain whether he would come.,误：,It was uncertain if he would come.,正：,His first question was whether Tom had arrived yet.,误：,His first question was if Tom had arrived yet.,正：,We must consider the question whether we will take these measures.,误：,We must consider the question if we will take these measures.,16,19.occur,happen,和,take place,。首先明确，三者都可表示“发生”之意，都是不及物动词或短语，不能用于被动语态。,occur,是比较正式的用语，可用于具体或抽象的事物，通常指按计划或规律在较为确定的时间“发生”的事。,如：,Im afraid that this would occur during my absence.=Im afraid that this would happen during my absence.,恐怕这事会在我不在时发生。,happen,常指具体事件的发生，特别指那些偶然的或未能预见的“发生”。,比如：,New things are happening all around us.,我们身边总有新事发生。,take place,通常指“（某事）按计划进行或按计划发生。”,比如：,Great changes have taken place in China since.,中国发生了翻天覆地的变化。,此外,take place,还有“举行”之意,。（本课即是如此）如：,The meeting will take place next Friday.,会议将在下周五举行。,17,(1).take place,表示“发生、举行、举办”，一般指非偶然性事件的“发生”，即这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排，例如：,Great changes have taken place in our hometown during the past ten years.The Olympic Games of 2008 will take place in Beijing.,(2).happen,作“发生、碰巧”解，一般用于偶然或突发性事件，例如：,What happened to you?(,一般不说：,What did you happen?)Maybe something unexpected happened.I happened to see him on my way home.,=It happened that I saw him on my way home.,(3).occur,作“发生、想到、突然想起”解，其意义相当于,happen,，例如：,What has occurred?(=What has happened?),A big earthquake occurred(=happened)in the south of China last month.It occurred to me that she didnt know I had moved into the new house.,18,人文英语,1,形考作业,3,一。交际用语,B 2.A 3.C 4.C 5.C,二、词汇与结构,6-10 ABAAC 11-15 ACBBA 16-20 BAABC,第,8,题 在题干,could,后加上,not,。,四、翻译,三、阅读理解,21-25 CACBC 26-30 TFTFT,31-35 CBABA,形考作业,3,20,6.pull over,把,开到路边；靠边停车,pull out,离开；拔出,考点复合形容词：数次,+,名词（单数）,+,形容词,180-foot-high 180,英尺高的；,five-inch-tall 5,英寸高的；,7-year-old 7,岁的,This is a 100-year-old school.,so that,tooto,和,enough to,之间的相互转换,1.He is old enough to go to school.,He is _ _ that _ _ go to school.,2.She was so weak that she couldnt take care of her baby.,She was _ weak _ take care of her baby.,答案,1.so old;he can 2.too;to,21,sothat,与,tooto,的转换,当,that,引导的从句为否定式且从句主语与主句的主语相同时,sothat,可转换为,tooto,结构若从句主语与主句的主语不相同时,sothat,可转换为,toofor sb to,结构。,例如：,She is so young that she cant go to school.,She is too young to go to school.,The box is so heavy that he cant carry it.,The box is too heavy for him to carry.,22,sothat,与,enough to,的转换,1.,当,that,引导的从句为肯定式时若从句主语与主句主语相同时,sothat,可转换为,enough to,结构若从句主语与主句主语不相同时,sothat,可转换为,enough for sb to,结构。,例如,Xiao Lin is so old that he can go to school.,Xiao Lin is old enough to go to school.,The box is so light that he can carry it.,The box is light enough for him to carry.,23,当,that,引导的从句为否定式时若从句主语与主句主语相同时,sothat,可转换为,enough to,的否定结构若从句主语与主句主语不相同时,sothat,可转换为,enough for sb to,的否定结构。同时要注意转换后的形容词副词要用其相应的反义词。,例如,The man is so old that he cant go to work.,The man isnt young enough to go to work.,The desk is so heavy that I cant move it.,The desk isnt light enough for me to move.,enough to,的句式为否定式时,enough to,可以转换为,tooto,结构。但转换后的,tooto,结构中的形容词副词要用其相应的反义词。,例如,He is not old enough to do the work.,He is too young to do the work.,The problem is too difficult for me to work out.,The problem isnt easy enough for me to work out.,24,改写同义句每空一词。,1.The book is interesting enough for everybody to read.,The book is _ interesting _ everybody likes to read it.,2.The boy is so short that he cant reach the buttons of the lift.,The boy is _ short _ _ the buttons of the lift.,The boy isnt _ _ _ _ the buttons of the lift.,答案,1.so;that 2.too;to reach;tall enough to reach,25,9.had better do sth.,最好干,had better not do sth.,最好不干,let sb.do,让某人干,10.If(,表示条件,),如果,主句用将来时，,if,从句用现在时表示将来,简称：主将从现,He will come if you invite him.,如果你请他,他会来的。,26,11.in front of,，,in the front of,，,at the front of,这三个介词短语的涵义均与“在前面”有关，但用法区别在于：,in front of,通常相对于某物体的外部来说指另外的物体或人位于该物前面，意为“在,前面”。如：,There are some trees in front of the house,房子的前面有一些树。（树在房子之外的前面）,in the front of,通常相对于空间而言，指某人或物位于某个空间的内部，但它指的是物体的前部，意为“在,的前部”。如：,The teacher is standing in the front of the classroom,老师站在教室的前面。（指教室里的前面）,at the front of,也指在某个物体本身或范围之内的前部，但仅指 一个点而已，范围没有,in the front of,那么大两者有时可换用。如：,Mike is sitting at,in the front of the classroom,迈克坐在教室的前面。,27,12.,考点定冠词的用法。见课本,P27,13.recommend v.,推荐,介绍,command,命令,;,控制,comment,（,on sth,）,意见,;,解释,;,评论,:Have you any comment(s)to make on the recent developments?,你对最近的事态发展有什麽评论吗,?,14.,enough,作形容词,，意思是“足够的,;,充分的”，常与,for,或不定式连 用，可以作定语或表语。作定语置于被修饰的名词,前后均可,，前置时强调,enough,，后置时强调被修饰词。如：,We have enough chairs for everyone.,Five men will be quite enough.,五个人就足够了。,enough,作副词,的意思是“十分地,;,充分地,;,足够地,;,充足地”，,置于被修饰的形容词或副词,之后,，常与不定式或介词,for,连用，在句子中作状语，表示程度。,Mum,I think Im well enough to get back to school.Not really,my dear.Youd better stay at home for another day or two.,28,15.The higher the temperature,rises,_the liquid evaporates.,.the more.,the more.,句型常表示,越,就越,是一个复合句,其中前面的句子是状语从句,后面的句子是主句,.the,用在形容词或副词的比较级前,more,代表形容词或副词的比较级,.,例如,:,The more he gets,the more he wants.,他越来越贪,.,The more she learns,the more she wants to learn.,她越学越想学,.,2.the more.,the more.,句型,主从句的时态常用一般现在时或一般过去时,.,例如,:,The higher the ground is,the thinner air becomes.,离地面越高,空气就越稀薄,.,The harder he worked,the more he got.,他工作越努力,得到的就越多,.,3.,若主句的谓语动词用一般将来时,从句的谓语动词要用一般现在时表示将来,.,例如,:,The harder you work,the greater progress you will make.,你越用功,进步就越大,.,The longer the war lasts,the more the people there will suffer.,战争持续得越久,那里的人们受难就越多,.,29,16,.house:,building made for people to live in,usu for one family or for a family and lodgers,房子,;,住宅,.,household n.,all the people(family,lodgers,etc)living together in a house,同住在一所房子里的人（家人,房客等）,;,一家人,;,家庭,:,I grew up as part of a large household.,我是在一个大家庭里长大的,.,Home 1.,place where one lives,esp with ones family,家,:The nurse visits patients in their homes.,护士对病人进行家访,.*He left home(ie left his parents and began an independent life)at sixteen.,他在十六岁时离开了家（离开双亲独立生活）,2.,district or country where one was born or where one has lived for a long time or to which one feels attached,家乡,;,故乡,;,老家,:She was born in London,but she now looks on Paris as her home.,她生在伦敦,但现在把巴黎看成是她的家乡,.*She lives a long way from home.,她远远地离开故乡在外地生活,.*He left India for home,ie for his own country.,他离开印度回国去了,.,30,17.see,是感官动词,后面既可以用不带,to,的动词不定式（动词原形）作宾补,也可以用动名词作宾补,即,see sb.do sth,表示看到某人做某事的过程,see sb.doing sth,表示看到某人做某事的片断,看到某人正在做某事,例句,I saw her clean the classroom.,我看到她打扫教室了,.,（强调做过这件事）,I saw her cleaning the classroom.,我看到她正在扫打教室（强调正在做某事）,31,18.,不定冠词,a/an,的用法口诀不定冠词,a,和,an,单数可数名词前；辅音若在词首发,词前只把,a,来加；元音若在词首放,词前,an,词不敢忘；不定冠词相当,one,但不强调数观念；不定冠词很关键,四个所指记心间,.,（每指、泛指、类指和某指）,an hour an honest man a university,32,19.,常用的只能后接动名词作宾词的动词有,:,appreciate,感激，欣赏，,avoid,避免，,cant help,不禁，建议,enjoy(,享受,.,的乐趣,欣赏,喜爱,),escape,逃跑，逃避，,finish(vt.,完成,结束,),keep(vt.,保持,保存,维持,),mind(vt.,注意,留意,专心于,介意,practise(vt.,练习,实习,实践,实行,),suggest,建议等。,feel like(,意欲,),give up(vt.,放弃,停止,抛弃),Look forward to,渴望，盼望,Be used to,习惯,33,20.,考点被动语态,被动语态的构成：,be+done,be,有人称、数和时态的变化,34,动词的语态：主动语态和被动语态被动语态的时态变化是由,be,的变化来形成的。,一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,过去将来时,现在进行时,过去进行时,现在完成时,过去完成时,am,is,are,taught,was,were,taught,will,shall be,taught,would/should be+taught,am,is,are being,taught,was/were being,taught,have,has been,taught,had been+taught,被动语态构成：,be+,过去分词,八种常用时态,35,1.,把,主动语态里的,宾,语变成被动语态,主语,，宾,格变成主格。,2.,把谓语变成被动结构（,be+done,）,3.,主动语态,中的,主语,放在,by,之后作宾语，将主格变为宾格,；其他句子成分不变。,口诀：宾变主，主变宾，,by,短语后面跟，,谓语动词变被动，,be,后“过分”来使用。,Tom,repairs,computers,in that shop every day,.,（主动语态）,主语 动词 宾语 状语,（,被动语态,）,Computers,are repaired,by Tom,in that shop every day,.,主语 动词 介词的宾语 状语,主动语态,变成,被动语态,36,拓展：复合形容词的构成形式,1.,名词现在分词,English-speaking,讲英语的；,self-generating,自然发生的；,freedom-loving,热爱自由的；,peace-loving,爱好和平的；,earth-shaking,震撼世界的；,fun-loving,爱开玩笑的。,2.,名词过去分词,man-made,人造的；,water-covered,被水覆盖的；,snow-covered,被雪覆盖的；,grass-covered,被草覆盖的；,air-filled,充满空气的；,heart-felt,衷心的；,sun-burnt,晒伤的；,self-taught,自学的。,3.,名词形容词,snow-white,雪白的；,day-long,整天的；,world-famous,举世闻名的。,4.,形容词名词,ed,warm-hearted,热情的；,bad-tempered,脾气坏的；,short-sighted,近视的；,kind-hearted,好心肠的；,warm-blooded,（动物）温血的；,cold-blooded,（动物）冷血的；,fresh-faced,面带稚气的；,middle-aged,中年的。,5形容词现在分词,ordinary-looking,相貌平常的；,good-looking,相貌好看的；,funny-looking,样子好笑的；,easy-going,随和的；,bad-smelling,臭气冲天的。,37,6.,形容词名词,full-time,专积的；,fast-food,餐馆等专门提供快餐服务的。,7.,副词过去分词,deep-set,（眼睛）深陷的；,well-known,众所周知的；,better-trained,受过较好训练的；,well-cut,剪裁入时的；,quickly-cured,迅速治愈的；,highly-developed,高度发达的；,badly-wounded,伤势严重的；,poorly-lit,灯光暗淡的；,poorly-dressed,衣衫褴褛的。,8.,副词名词,right-hand,居右的；,out-door,室外的；,in-door,室内的；,under-ground,地下的。,9.,副词现在分词,slow-thinking,思考缓慢的,10.,数词名词,second-hand,二手的；,ten-speed,十速的；,one-room,一间房屋的（车站）；,million-pound,百万英镑；,100-metre(dash)100,米（短跑）；,tenth-rate,最劣等的。,11.,数词名词形容词,180-foot-high 180,英尺高的；,five-inch-tall 5,英寸高的；,7-year-old 7,岁的。,12.,数词名词,ed ten-storeyed,十层的；,one-eyed,一只眼的；,3-legged,三条腿的。,38,