Unit-4-A-View-of-MountainsPPT课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Unit 4,A View of Mountains,Jonathan Schell,1,Background Information,About the Author,Pre-reading,D,iscussion,Structural Analysis,Questions for Further Comprehension,Writing Skills,Teaching Objectives,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,Pre-readingDiscussion,2.What do you know about nuclear weapons?What,s your attitude towards nuclear weapons?,1.What do you think is the greatest threat to the existence of mankind?What can we do with it?,10,The Effects of Nuclear Weapons,both immediate and delayed destructive effects,blast,thermal radiation,and prompt ionizing radiation,radioactive fallout and other environmental effects,11,Background Information,1.About World War II,Time,from 1939 to 1945,Two Opposing Parties,The Allies,The Axis,Death Toll,Over 70million fatalities,12,2.About the nuclear attacks,Time,on August 6 and 9,1945,Place,Hiroshima&Nagasaki,Death Toll,Hiroshima 88 thousand immediate death-340 thousand,Nagasaki 149thousand-240 thousand,13,at the executive order of U.S.President Truman,the nuclear weapon Little Boy was dropped on Hiroshima,the Fat Man nuclear bomb was dropped over Nagasaki.,14,killed 140,000 people in Hiroshima and 80,000 in Nagasaki by the end of 1945,15 to 20%died from injuries or illness attributed to radiation poisoning,more have died from leukemia and cancers,the overwhelming majority of the dead were civilians.,15,on August 15,Japan announced its surrender to the Allied Powers,on September 2,Japan signed the Instrument of Surrender,Japan adopted Three Non-Nuclear Principles,which forbids that nation from nuclear armament,16,A postwar Little Boy model,17,A post-war Fat Man model,18,The mushroom cloud over Hiroshima after the dropping of Little Boy,19,The Fat Man mushroom cloud,20,21,22,About Jonathan Edward Schell,23,Jonathan Edward Schell,(born 1943),a progressive author and professor,The Village of Ben Suc,(1967),The Military Half,(1968),The Real War,(1988),The Gift of Time:The Case for Abolishing Nuclear Weapons Now,(1998),The Unconquerable World,(2003),and,The Seventh Decade:The New Shape of Nuclear Danger,(2007).,a Distinguished Fellow at the Yale Center for the Study of Globalization.,24,In the 1980s,a series of articles in the,The New Yorker,raise public awareness about the dangers of the nuclear arms race,a persistent advocate for disarmament,and a world free of nuclear weapons.,25,A View of Mountains26,First Reading,Read through the passage and find out the authors purpose of writing.,A.To reveal how Yamahatas pictures effectively show the catastrophic consequences of the nuclear bombing.,B.To highlight the nuclear threat and call on people to rid the Earth of nuclear weaponry for a safer world.,C To argue that the bombing of Nagasaki is the fitter symbol of the nuclear threat than that of Hiroshima.,B,27,Second Reading,Para 1 Detailed description of the scene,Para 2 Nagasaki,fitter symbol of the nuclear danger,Para 3 Action more important,Para 4 Performing the act the greatest responsibility of the generation,28,Part one(Para.1),Present the main point of his argument,Part Two(Paras.2-3),The bombing of Nagasaki is the fitter symbol of the nuclear danger menacing the world and,action is called for to dispel nuclear weapons,Part Three(Para.4),Call on us to take the responsibility of creating a safer world for new generations,Structural Analysis,29,1.What does the sentence“the photographs display the fate of a single city,but their meaning is universal”imply?,2.Do you agree with the author when he says the bombing of Nagasaki is the fitter symbol of the nuclear peril?Why or why not?,Questions,30,3.How do you understand the sentence“although every intact city is different from every other,all cities that suffer nuclear destruction will look much the same”?,31,Writing technique employed by the author,Description in plain English,Frequent use of contrast,32,Dispatch,:v.send off to a destination,E.g.A messenger was dispatched to take the news to the soldiers at the front.,n.a.an official report,We must ask someone to carry a dispatch from Rome to London.,b.reports,London newspapers receive dispatches from all parts of the world.,Text Explanations,33,Hiroshima,in the aftermath of the bombing,34,日本广岛和平纪念公园,日本长崎和平纪念公园,35,What should we do in addition to apprehending the nuclear peril?,What should we do to ensure a safer world for the future generations?,36,constitute,:,E.g.Twelve months constitute a year.,This move constitutes an act of aggression.,A committee was constituted to investigate into that affair.,The strikers constituted him their spokesman.,In higher education,colleges and universities constitute one leg,while work-study universities and spare-time universities constitute the other.,37,Brand,v.label or mark with or as if with a brand,；,n.,What is your favorite brand of cigarettes?,These cattle have my brand on them.,We have branded our cattle.,The press branded him(as)a liar.,The US administration recently branded him as a war criminal.,38,unearthly,:,超自然的，怪异的；（口语）（时刻等）异常的，不合情理的,he could hear the unearthly scream of some curlew piercing the din,(,嘈杂声,).,Who is calling me at this unearthly hour?,If we are to catch the 7:15 train we shall have to have breakfast at an unearthly hour.,39,escape,The fox escaped the hunter.,Make a hole and let the water escape.,I read love stories as an escape from reality.,40,For good,(and all):forever,E.g.The theater closed down for good.,He left the country for good(and all).,41,Dot,:cover or sprinkle with or as if with dots,E.g.The country is dotted with beautiful ancient churches.,We have offices dotted all over the region.,The sky was dotted with stars.,Cross the ts and dot the is.,一丝不苟。,42,Lie in,The time had come for her to lie in.,He lies in bed all day.,The house lies in a little valley behind the trees.,All their hopes lie in him.,The trouble lies in the engine.,43,It was therefore left to Yamahata to record,the effects(paragraph 1),The responsibility was therefore placed on Yamahatas shoulders to record the effects systematically and incidentally with a great and simple artistry.,44,That absence,even more than wreckage,contains the heart of the matter.,That vanished city rather than its remains represents the true measure of the event.,45,In the photographs,Nagasaki comes into its own.(Paragraph 2),In the photographs,Nagasaki regains its own status.,46,Stumble,:walk or go unsteadily,She stumbled on a stone.,He stumbled over every sentence.,A stumble may prevent a fall.,小惩大诫。,Perhaps well stumble upon a mutually satisfactory solution for price later on.,Where you stumble becomes your opportunity to make corrections,to learn and grow.,47,the human imagination had stumbled to exhaustion in the even the outskirts of the second.(Paragraph 2),the human imagination had been exhausted and stopped at the wreckage of the first ruined city and failed to reach even the outskirts of Nagasaki.,48,Hang over,:overshadow;menace,The hut hung half over the edge of the precipice.,They felt some kind of disaster was hanging over them.,With the court case hanging over us,we couldnt enjoy our vacation.,49,Spare,Itll spare him embarrassment if you speak to him about it in private.,The doctor tried to spare him from pain.,Could you spare some time to come to our art exhibition?,The prisoner was spared.,Do you carry a spare wheel in the back of your car?,Spare us the suspense and tell us who has won the first prize.,50,open-ended,:without fixed limits or restrictions,The BBC has decided to expand the programme on the Common Market into an open-ended discussion.,an open-ended and generous scholarship that lets recipients write their own ticket,51,Intact,:entire,unimpaired,He can scarcely survive this scandal with his reputation intact.,Despite his misfortunes,his faith and optimism remained intact.,To preserve the farm intact,he transferred it to one heir.,52,Glimpse,:n.a quick look,a brief passing look,sight,or view/v.,I glimpsed her among the crowd just now.,One glimpse at himself in the mirror was enough.,I only caught a glimpse of the speeding car.,There is a glimpse of truth in what he said.,The biography offers only a few glimpses of his life before he becomes famous.,53,Apprehend,:a.get the meaning of something b.expect with anxiety,suspicion,or fear,She apprehended the complicated law very quickly.,In the abyss of his mind he apprehend the worlds minuteness.,apprehend a hot summer,54,Peril,:serious or immediate danger,The refugees were in peril of death from hunger.,Is the arms race the greatest peril now?,The ship was in imminent peril of being wrecked.,He was in peril of losing his life.,At ones peril(,若有,),咎由自取,You can do it at your peril.,55,Counterpoise,:constitute a counterweight or counterbalance to,平衡，均衡,Counter-:,反对，逆，对付,Counteract,抵消,Counterclaim,反诉,Counterclockwise,逆时针,Counterpart,互相对应的人或物,56,we seem to need,in addition,some other picture to counterpoise against ruined Nagasaki(Paragraph 3),apart from the pictures of Nagasaki we seem to need some other picture to inspire in us a hope of life to counterbalance the sense of doom suggested by the ruined Nagasaki,57,Ensure,:make sth.Certain to happen,I will ensure that the car arrives by six oclock.,Preparedness ensures success.,A letter of introduction will ensure you an interviewThey must take steps to ensure against/from possible failure.,A good sleep will ensure you quicker recovery.,58,Rhetorical Features,“A but B”structure,The photographs display the fate of a single city,but their meaning is universal.(Para.2),The true measure of the event lies not in what remains but in all that has disappeared.(Para.1),“A yet B”,Yamahatas pictures afford a glimpse of the end of the world.Yet in our day(Para.3),59,Here is a sentence that organizes the information in a similar way without the use of the conjunction,but,or,yet,Arriving a half-century late,they are all news.,60,By admitting something is correct first then saying something else is even more correct,or admitting something is urgent first and then saying something else is more urgent with the help of the above-mentioned sentence structures,the author succeeds in making his sentences well balanced and his argumentation forceful and convincing.,61,Text II Statement at the 2003 Session of United Nations Disarmament Commission,Hu Xiao Di,62,Questions,Why is the world situation uncertain and unpredictable?,How many points does the speaker maintain for nuclear disarmament?Repeat two or three of these points.,What does the speaker talk about in Paragraphs 22-25?,Why is the multilateral approach necessary to nuclear disarmament?,63,64,