全国大学生英语竞赛C类改错小结(课堂PPT).ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,全国大学生英语竞赛,C,类,ERROR CORRECTION,改错部分小结,1,一、试题形式,改错部分由一篇,200-250,个单词的短文组成，短文中有,10,行标有题号。该,10,行内每行最多含有一个错误。要求学生根据,“,增添,”,、,“,删除,”,、,“,改变,”,其中某个单词或,“,标记该行正确,”,四种方法中的一种改正语误。,2,二、错误分类,（,1,）语法知识错误,（,2,）词汇与搭配错误,（,3,）语意不符错误,3,错误分类,语法知识错误：主谓一致、比较级、名词单复数、第三人称单数等语法规则误用。,词汇与搭配错误：近形、近义词等易混词的误用，固定搭配误用。,语意不符错误：该处用词与整篇文章语境不符或存在明显的逻辑错误,。,4,（,1,）语法知识错误,常见考点,：,1,名词单复数错误,例,2012,年,C,类初赛,The later approach would solve the,problems,of how parents reward children with different levels of ability;,problem,译,后来的方法可以解决父母如何根据不同级别的能力奖励孩子的问题。,the,特指,一个问题,，故,problems,去掉,s,为,problem5,（,1,）语法知识错误,2,名词、动词、形容词混淆误用,例,2015,年,C,类初赛,They have developed computers that can understand things people say,and can now give a,meaning,answer.,meaningful,译,他们已经开发了能理解人类语言并且可以给予有意义回答的计算机。,meaning,：,n.,含义,;,意思，意义,;,意图,;adj.,有意思的,;,意味深长的,;vt.,意味,(mean,的现在分词,);,意思是,;,meaningful,：,adj.,有意义的,;,意味深长的有意图的,;,meaning,一般情况下做,名词,使用，译为,“,意思,”,，,形容词,形式为,meaningful,，这里表示,“,有意义的,”,应该将,meaning,改,meaningful,。,6,（,1,）语法知识错误,3,动词形式误用,例,2013,年,C,类初赛,It is in fact,misled,in several ways since a version of English which is exactly the same everywhere and has the same high status throughout the world do not yet exist.,misleading,译,实际上这在几个方面具有误导性，由于能够在全世界各地都完全相同并且具有相同高地位的一个英语版本还不存在。,It is misleading that/to do sth,做某事是一种误导。,it,是形式主语，,misleading,作表语，故将,misled,改为,misleading,。,例,2013,年,C,类初赛,Lastly,there is the fact that learners of English may be,teaching,in either American or British forms.,taught,译,最后，事实上英语学习者可以在美式或英式的环境下接受英语教学。,learners may be taught,表示,被动语态,，应采用,teach,的过去分词形式。,7,（,1,）语法知识错误,例,2014,年,C,类初赛,People can usually,adjusted,to a different schedule if necessary,but it seemed to be more difficult for some people than for others.,adjust,译,人们通常可以在必要时调整不同的时间表，但是似乎对某些人来说却比其他人困难得多。,can,后面跟动词原形故将,adjusted,改为,adjust,。,例,2014,年,C,类初赛,You may have noticed that some people jump out of bed bright and early and are cheerful and active during the early part of the day,then,grows,tired in the evening and go to bed quite early.,grow,译,你也许已经注意到有些人在早晨的时候就跳下床而且整个白天都欢快活跃，然后在晚上感觉疲惫并非常早上床休息。,people,是,集体名词,，谓语动词通常用复数，故将,grows,改为,grow,。,8,（,1,）语法知识错误,4,情态动词误用,例,2012,年,C,类初赛,But,would,such“bribes”be based on exam performance or should they,as many parents and teachers feel,be offered in recognition of a childs effort,regardless of results?,should,译,但是这样的,“,贿赂,”,应该基于在考试中的表现还是应该像大多数父母和老师认为的那样作为孩子努力的认可不管考试结果如何？,Should,表示,“,应该,”,，与后文,“,or,should,they,”,相对应，故应将,would,改为,should,。,5,连词错误,例,全国大学生英语竞赛模拟试题,The news media must interest the public,and it is a big business.,Therefore,it is very competetive since stations or papers compete with each other for listeners and readers.,However,译,新闻媒体必须要吸引公众，而且这是一个很大的业务。然而，这非常有竞争性，因为电台和报纸相互为听众和读者而竞争着。,上下文,转折,，应将,therefore,（因此）改为,however,（然而）。,9,（,1,）语法知识错误,6,名词所有格使用错误,例,2014,年,C,类初赛,Some,peoples,temperature rise very rapid after awakening and then begin to fall in the afternoon.,peoples,译,有些人的体温在醒来后迅速上升并且在下午开始下降。,people,表示,“,人,”“,人们,”,时，只用,单数,形式，但表示,复数意义,作主语时谓语用,复数,。如：,People love having cats as pets.,人们喜欢把猫当作宠物。,若要表示,“,一个人,”,，英语不能用,one people,，可根据情况改用,one person,one man,one woman,one boy,等。,10,（,1,）语法知识错误,people,表示,“,民族,”,时，为,可数名词,，其前可用不定冠词，也可有复数形式，有时甚至还可以与数词连用。如：,We Chinese are,a,hardworking,people,.,我们中国人是勤劳的人民。,Ireland was inhabited by,two peoples,.,爱尔兰居住着两个民族。,也可与,few,many,等连用。如：,The human race is made up of,many,different,peoples,.,人类由许多不同的民族组成。,Few,peoples,in the world can boast(of)such an old civilization as ours.,世界上没有几个民族有像我国民族这样悠久的文化。,11,（,1,）语法知识错误,7,形容词、副词修饰性错误,例,2013,年,C,类初赛,People need specialized words in order to discuss,locally,politics,business,culture and natural history.,local,译,人们需要专业词汇来讨论当地的政治、商业、文化和自然历史。,local,做,形容词,修饰,名词,politics,，译为,“,当地的政治,”,，故将,locally,改为,local,。,例,2014,年,C,类初赛,Some peoples temperature rise very,rapid,after awakening and then begin to fall in the afternoon.,rapidly,译,有些人的体温在醒来后迅速上升并且在下午开始下降。,rapid,修饰,动词,rise,应采用,副词,形式,rapidly,。,12,（,1,）语法知识错误,例,2015,年,C,类初赛,It may be,possibly,to build computers that can remember a lot more than the human brain.,possible,译,制造出记忆容量比人脑容量更大的计算机是有可能的。,be,动词后加形容词,possible,，,it is possible to do sth.,表示做某事是可能的。句型：,It be+adj+for sb to do sth.,8,介词缺失、冗余、替换,例,2013,年,C,类初赛,In addition,there are too much regional differences in vocabulary,of,the language to be the same everywhere.,for,译,此外，语言词汇方面的区域差别太大，以至于每个地方不尽相同。,Vocabulary for language,表示语言的词汇方面，一般使用介词,for,。,13,（,1,）语法知识错误,例,2015,年,C,类初赛,To conclude,in the future,we will probably have computers that can do things that today we cannot even dream,.,of,译,总而言之，在未来，我们也许会拥有能够完成今天我们甚至无法梦想到的事情的计算机。,dream of,固定搭配表示,“,梦想做,”,“,things that today we cannot even dream of,”,先行词,things,，,that,在定语从句中作宾语，,dream,后面,of,不可省。,例,2015,年,C,类初赛,It is true that computers scientists have made up fantastic inventions over the years.,up,译,事实上这些年来计算机科学家们已经做出了不少绝妙的发明。,Make,：,vt.,做，制造,;,生产，制定,;,使成为,;,使产生,;vi.,开始,;,尝试,;,行进,;,增大,;n.,制造,;,生产量,;,性格,;,形状，样式,;,make inventions,译为,“,制造发明,”,，,make,表示,“,制造,”,时为及物动词，可直接跟宾语。,14,（,1,）语法知识错误,9,冠词缺失、冗余、替换,例,2015,年,C,类初赛,This is,fascinating idea,but I do not believe it will really happen.,a,译,这是一个有吸引力的主意，但是我不认为它能行得通。,a fascinating idea,“,一个有吸引力的主意,”,，加上不定冠词,a,。,例,2014,年,C,类初赛,People tend to feel most wide-awake and can work the best at the high point of their temperature.,the,译,人们往往在他们体温最高的时候感觉最清醒并且能工作得最好。,at high point of,，译为,“,在最高点,”,，表泛指时不加,the,。,at the point of,中,point,表示,“,时间、时刻,”15,（,1,）语法知识错误,10,关系代词错误,例,2012,年,C,决赛,A 1,000-metre tall pyramid,12 times higher than the Great Pyramid of Giza in Egypt,would contain 55 smaller pyramids,each of,them,would be the size of the Giza original.,which,译,一个,1000,米高的金字塔，比在埃及吉萨金字塔高,12,倍，包含,55,个小金字塔，他们每个人都将是吉萨原始尺寸。,each of them,前面没有连词，做pyramids,的定语从句，,each of,后面用关系代词,which,。,例,2013,年,C,类初赛,For one thing,people,whos,first language is English value their linguistic Identity.,whose,译,一方面，第一语言是英语的人将英语视为他们的语言身份。,who,s=who is,译为,“,谁是,”,，,whose,译为,“,谁的,”,，句中表示,“,第一语言是英语的人,”,，故将,who,s,改为,whose,。,16,（,1,）语法知识错误,whose,用作,关系代词,时，它并不表示,“,谁的,而是表,示,“,的,”,，在具体语境需要灵活处理。如：,He is the man whose car was stolen.,他就是汽车被窃的人。,2.whose,引导定语从句,时，其先行词不一定是指人的名词，其实也可以是指事物（包括动物）的名词。如：,It was an island whose name I have forgotten.,这是一座岛，名字我忘了。,3.whose,不仅可以引导,限制性,定语从句，也可引导,非限制性,定语从句。如：,One of the Britons,whose identity has not been revealed,was taken to hospital.,其中一位身份还没有透露的英国人被送往医院。,17,（,1,）语法知识错误,4.,引导定语从句的,“,whose+,名词,”,，有时可换成其他结构，注意词序的变化。比较：,破了窗户的那座房子是空的。,The house,whose windows,are broken is empty.,The house,the windows of which,are broken is empty.,The house,of which the windows,are broken is empty.,The house,with broken windows,is empty.,5根据语境的需要，,whose,前可以使用语义需要的介词。如：,I wish to thank Professor Smith,without whose help,I would never have got this far.,我要感谢史密斯教授，没有他的帮助，我不会走到今天这一步。,18,（,1,）语法知识错误,11,关系副词错误,例,2013,年,C,类决赛,It says that the universe has a finite area,but no one travelling through the universe would ever come to a point,that,the universe stops.,where,译,据说宇宙是一个有限的区域，但是没有人能穿越宇宙来到一个停滞的空间。,当先行词是,case,condition,situation,position,point,stage,等名词时，表示情况、方面、处境，且其后为一完整句子时，用关系副词,where,.,但先行词是,occasion,时，用关系副词,when,。,19,（,2,）词汇与搭配错误,1,近义词误用,例,2013,年,C,类初赛,In addition,there are too,much,regional differences in vocabulary of the language to be the same everywhere.,many,译,此外，语言词汇方面的区域差别太大，以至于每个地方不尽相同。,many,、,much,、,lots of,和,a lot of,都表示,许多,。其中,many,修饰可数名词,如,many books,。,much,修饰不可数名词,，如,much water,。,lots of,和,a lot of,两个都是可以修饰可数也可以修饰不可数名词。句中,differences,表示差异时为可数名词的复数形式，故用,many,修饰。,常见考点,：,20,（,2,）词汇与搭配错误,2,固定搭配错误,例,2014,年,C类决赛,Key,of,the Guides success is its impartial system for evaluating restaurants.,to,译,指南的成功的关键是它的公正的评价餐馆的系统。,Key to,固定搭配,“,的关键,”,。,例,2015,年,C,类初赛,They have put tiny chips in peoples brain to,help,patients,in,Parkinsons disease.,with,译,他们把微小的芯片放在人们的大脑中，以帮助病人治,疗,帕金森氏病。,help sb.with sth.,“,帮助某人做某事,”,21,（,2,）词汇与搭配错误,3,固定搭配成分缺失,例,2014,年,C,类初赛,Others,find,difficult to,get up in the morning and do not seem able to get going very well until afternoon;during the evening,they are wide-awake and hate to go to bed.,it,译,其他人发现在早上起床很困难，而且直到下午也无法很好地完成工作；在晚上他们却异常清醒并且不想睡觉。,It,做,形式宾语,，指代,get up in the morning当不定式、动名词、从句等复杂成分用作宾语且其后跟有宾语补足语时，通常会在宾语补足语前使用形式宾语,it,，而将真正的宾语移至句末，其基本结构为,“,动词,+it+,宾语补足语,+,不定式,(,动名词或从句,),”,，如：,I find it difficult to do the job well.,我发现做好这件事不容易。,22,（,3,）语意不符错误,常见考点,：,1,逻辑错误,例,2015,年,C,类初赛,It may be possibly to build computers that can remember a lot more than the human brain.,So,humans can do a lot more.They laugh and cry,they enjoy a good film or an interesting book.,But,译,制造出记忆容量比人脑容量更大的计算机是有可能的。但是人类能做到的事更多。他们可以哭，可以笑，他们能欣赏一部好的电影或是一本有趣的书籍。,前后上下文表,转折关系,，应将,so,改为,but,。,2,反义词误用,例,2015,年,C,类初赛,But human intelligence is better than having a,bad,memory.,good,译,但是人工智能比拥有一个好记性要好得多。,反义词误用，应将,bad,改为,good,。,23,三、竞赛真题,2013 National English Contest for College Students,(Level C-Preliminary),24,2013,年全国大学生英语竞赛初赛真题,25,26,27,Thank you!,28,