幻灯片-(上课用)初中英语宾语从句复习课件.ppt

Object Clauses,Object Clauses,宾语从句,宾语从句结构：主句,+,引导词,+,从句,一教学任务 复习宾语从句,二教学重点,1.,宾语从句的概念,2.,宾语从句的引导词,3.,宾语从句中的语序,4.,宾语从句的时态变化,教学难点,1.,if,与,whether,的区别,2.when,与,if,引导的宾语从句和状语从句,3.,宾语从句与简单句的互换,We,know,him,We,know,he likes English.,主,s,主,s,谓,v,谓,v,宾,o,宾,o,宾语从句是主从复合句的一种。主从复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的。主句是复合句的主体从句仅仅是主句的一个成分，它从属于主句，不能独立。从句在全句中充当什么成分，就叫什么从句。宾语从句当中的,从句在全句中作宾语。,宾语从句结构：主句,+,连接词,+,从句,主,s,谓,v,宾,o,简单句,复合句,一,什么 是宾语从句？,试比较,Do you know who is the first Chinese astronaut(,宇航员,),?,Our teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun.,Please tell me,where she has gone.,I dont know if he will come tonight.,Lets find out whats on tonight.,Find out the Object Clauses,We are proud of that Beijing is one of the biggest cities in the world .,2.,由连接代词,Who,whom,whose,which,what,和连接副词,where,how,why,when,引导的宾语从句。这些连词既有词义又充当句子成份。,e.g.1)Do you know,whose,book it is?,（谁的，作定语）,2)Could you tell me,why,the train is late,?,（为什么，作状语）,3)He asked,who,could answer the question,.,（谁，作主语）,注：,that,在句中无词义，在从句中不能充当句子成分，在口语中往往被省略。,e.g.I hear,(,that,),he will be back in an hour,.,1.,由从属连词,that,引导的宾语从句,二,.,宾语从句的引导词,3.,由从属连词,whether,if,引导的宾语从句,e.g.I want to know,if/whether,she is right.,They didnt know,whether,Tom could come back,or not,.,if/whether,引导宾语从句 表示“是否”之义，在句中不充当句子成份。,if/whether,可互换,但,whetheror not,为固定搭配,.,看一看：,I dont know if it will rain tomorrow.If it rains,Ill stay at home.,I want to know when he will come back.When he comes back,please tell me.,想一想：,when,和,if,可以引导什么从句？它们的时态有什么特点？,when,和,if,既可以引导,宾语从句,，也可以引导,状语从句,。在宾语从句中，时态根据需要确定；在状语从句中，遵循,主将从现,的原则,。,If,与,whether,的区别,I dont know _ he will come or not.,I dont care of _ he will come.,He wondered _ to stay here the next week.,_ he will come is not decided.,与,or not,连用只能用,whether,介词后只能用,whether,与,to do,不定式连用只能用,whether,作主语只能用,whether,Helen says that,she,will learn French next year,.,Do you know where,he comes,from?,He asked me if,I could get to,the bus station on time.,三,.,宾语从句的语序,无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都是运用陈述句的语序，即是“主语在前，谓语在后”的顺序。,改一改,将下列问句变成陈述句。,1.Can he swim?,swim.2.Does he have a pen?,a pen.3.Which place did he go to?Which place,.4.Whats wrong with you?,.5.What happened to you?,.6.Which is the way to the,station?,.,想一想,为什么,4,，,5,，,6,语序不变？,He can,He has,he went to,What happened to you,Whats wrong with you,说一说,将上面的句子置于一个主句后，变成一个宾语从句。,Which is the way to the station,Can you tell me/I want to know/I wonder/Please tell me?,e.g.Can you tell meif/whether,he can swim?,四,.,宾语从句中时态的变化,I,hear,(that),Jim,(be),a worker two years ago.,Jim,(be)an English teacher now.,Jim,(,cook)dinner tomorrow.,Jim,(,sing)a popular song now.,Jim,(,be)to the Great Wall twice.Jim,(,play)basketball when his father came back.,Jim,(learn)1000 Chinese words by the end of last semester.,填一填,was,is,will cook,is singing,has been,was playing,had learned,1.,当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态。,（需要性原则）,2.,当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，,从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。（呼应性原则）,1)He,will go,to Hong Kong.,2)He,is,sick.,3)He,is reading,a book.,4)He,has finished,his work.,1)He to Hong Kong,.,2)He sick.,3)He,a book.,4)He,He,said,辨一辨,would go,was,was reading,his work.,had finished,确定从句的时态(根据主句时态),主句时态,从 句 时 态,连 接 前,连 接 后,一般现在时,时态保持不变,一般过去时,一般现在时,一般过去时,一般过去时,过去完成时,一般将来时,过去将来时,现在进行时,过去进行时,现在完成时,过去完成时,3.,当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态。（特殊性原则）,He,told,me,(that),Summer is after Spring,.,I,was told,(that),the sun is much bigger than the moon,.,My parents,told,me(that),no news is good news,.,比一比,解题,步骤,与技巧:,1.,陈述句,She doesnt like computers,.,Sandy said.,Sandy said,that,she,doesnt,like computers.,said,didnt,Sandy said,that,she,didnt,like computers.,2.,一般疑问句,:,Is it easy to work out the problem?,2.,一般疑问句,:,Is it easy to work out the problem?,(They asked),They,asked,It is easy to work out the problem.,if,it,is,easy to work out the problem.,asked,was,They asked,if,it,was,easy to work out the problem.,3.,特殊疑问句：,When do Lucy and Lily get up?,(He asked),He asked,when,Lucy and Lily get up,Lucy and Lily get up.,got,He asked,when Lucy and Lily got,up.,宾语从句的三部曲（变化步骤）：,1.,确定引导词,根据原句的类型,2.,调整为陈述语序,主谓,3.,变化时态,看主句,比一比,I dont know where I should go.Tell me how I can do it.,I dont know where to go.Tell me how to do it.,你有什么发现？,结论：由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句 疑问词,+to do,的简单句。,练一练,1.I dont know what I shall do next.(,变为简单句）,I dont know,next.2.John didnt decide which book he would buy.(,变为简单句）,John didnt decide,.3.Can you tell me how to get to the bus stop?(,变为复合句）,Can you tell me,the bus stop?4.Please tell Lucy how to use the computer.(,变为复合句）,Can you tellLucy,the computer.,五,.,宾语从句与简单句的转换,What to do,which book to buy,how I can get to,how she can use,Could you tell me,?,A.where the twins wereB.where the twins are,C where are the twins,A:Do you know,?B:Yes,he came here by train.A.when he came hereB.if he will come here C.why he came here D.how he came here,3.She says she,English for ten years.A.learned B.has learned C.was learning D.have learned,4.The teacher told us that the earth,round.A.was B.is C.will be D.would be,5.Tell me,.,A.what wrong is with him B.whats wrong to him C.what the matter is with him D.whats the matter with him,直击中考,B,D,B,B,D,6.My friend asked me,.A.who is the girl B.who the girl wasC.who was the girl D.who the girl,7.I want to see Mrs.Wang,but I dont know _.,A.she lives where B.she where lives,C.where she lives D.where does she live,8.Have you decided _ for London?,A.when will you leave B.when you will leave,C.when are you going D.when you are going,9.Do you know _?,A.what it is B.what is it,C.who is he D.whose name is it,10.Do you know _?,A.whose book is this B.whose book this is,C.this book is whose D.whos book this is,B,c,B,A,B,Find out the mistakes and correct them,.,1,Could you tell me where do they live?,2 She knew that Danny is a student.,3,He told me that winter was colder than autumn.,4,Do you know who car it is?,was,is,whose,六,.,课堂检测,宾语从句三要素,引导词,that,（陈述句,）,if,whether,（一般疑问句,）,疑问代词,/,疑问副词,(,特殊疑问句,),时态,主句为一般现在时,从句可为任何时态,主句为一般过去时,从句,一般过去时,过去将来时,过去进行时,过去完成时,语序,陈述句语序,(,主语,+,谓语,),客观真理 自然现象,公式定理 名言警句 时态不变,七,.,本课小结,Thanks,